Tras las huellas de Hegemón : Usos de hegemonía en la teoría política de Ernesto Laclau

Este artículo presenta un análisis de la noción de hegemonía tal como es desarrollada por Ernesto Laclau en investigaciones que comprenden desde trabajos previos a su clásico Hegemonía y estrategia socialista. Hacia una radicalización de la democracia (1985, en colaboración con Chantal Mouffe) hasta su obra importante más reciente La razón populista (2004). La hipótesis de lectura que guía el articulo es que hegemonía -desde sus orígenes en la teoría política de Laclau- funciona como una categoría que plantea la relación entre la universalidad y la particularidad pero también como tres conceptos -en tanto esta categoría adquiere un contenido particular cuando se la utiliza en diferentes campos: lo político y la lógica de constitución de lo social; el funcionamiento de una/la lógica de la política; y la constitución de las identidades colectivas

Comprendiendo a Podemos

"A través del peronismo llegué a comprender a Gramsci". Con esta frase, pronunciada por Ernesto Laclau en una entrevista concedida a una revista izquierdista estadounidense en 1983, se puede resumir lo que este politólogo argentino entendía como la vía más adecuada para alcanzar el poder político en un Estado, al menos a nivel de la capa conjuntiva (ejecutivo, legislativo y judicial) (Bueno, 1991). Junto a Laclau, en dicha entrevista, estaba su mujer, la también politóloga belga Chantal Mouffé. Ambos se encontraban en aquel año en París celebrando el centenario de la muerte de Carlos Marx. Estas palabras de Laclau fueron reproducidas en un artículo publicado en el diario El País del por Ludolfo Paramio (1983), sociólogo, periodista y físico español, militante del Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE) desde 1982, adscrito durante una época a la corriente guerrista (de Alfonso Guerra), profesor de sociología en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, entre otras, y Director del Departamento de Análisis y Estudios del Gabinete de la Presidencia del Gobierno de España en la primera legislatura de José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, de 2004 a 2008. Además ha sido miembro de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencia Política y dirige actualmente un postgrado sobre política en Iberoamérica en el Instituto Universitario de Investigación Ortega y Gasset. ¿Qué más tienen en común Laclau, Mouffé y Paramio además de esta interrelación ideológica, sentimental y periodística? Que no se puede entender Podemos sin estos tres nombres, como tampoco puede entenderse sin las conexiones ideológicas entre estos ideólogos y la propia familia de Pablo Manuel Iglesias Turrión (Pablo Iglesias II) y sus quehaceres político-vitales.

Land, Labour and Capital Markets in European Agriculture: Diversity under a Common Policy. CEPS Paperback. October 2013

Well-functioning factor markets are an essential condition for the competitiveness and sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas. At the same time, the functioning of the factor markets themselves is influenced by changes in agriculture and the rural economy. Such changes can be the result of progress in technology, globalisation and European market integration, changing consumer preferences and shifts in policy. Changes in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) over the last decade have particularly affected the rural factor markets. This book analyses the functioning of factor markets for agriculture in the EU-27 and several candidate countries. Written by leading academics and policy analysts from various European countries, these chapters compare the different markets, their institutional framework, their impact on agricultural development and structural change, and their interaction with the CAP. As the first comparative study to cover rural factor markets in Europe, highlighting their diversity − despite the Common Agricultural Policy and an integrated single market − Land, Labour & Capital Markets in European Agriculture provides a timely and valuable source of information at a time of further CAP reform and the continuing transformation of the EU's rural areas.

Influence of Agricultural Support on Sale Prices of French Farmland: A comparison of different subsidies, accounting for the role of environmental and land regulations. Factor Markets Working Document No. 51, June 2013

This paper investigates the determinants of agricultural land price in several regions in France over the period 1994-2011, using individual plot transaction data, with a particular emphasis on agricultural subsidies and nitrate zoning regulations. It found a positive but relatively small capitalisation effect of the total subsidies per hectare. The data revealed that agricultural subsidies capitalised, at least to some extent, but the magnitude of such a capitalisation depends on the region considered, on the type of subsidy considered, and on the location of the plot in a nitrate surplus zone or not. Only land set-aside premiums significantly capitalise into land price, while single farm payments have a significant positive capitalisation impact only for plots located in a nitrate-surplus zone.

Environmental Degradation, Climate Change and Migration: from Research to Policy-Making. IES Policy Brief Issue 2013/08/September 2013

Summary. In recent months, the migratory impacts of environmental degradation and climate change have gained increased worldwide attention. In response to the publication of the EC Staff Working Document on Climate Change, Environmental Degradation and Migration, this policy brief critically outlines current themes and issues that surround this global phenomenon, specifically the findings of current international research which frame the discussions on terminology and current legal, political and institutional conceptual debates. Several proposals were put forward during a Policy Forum in January 2013. Firstly, there is a need for tailored and actionable research outputs that take into account political pressures and realities on the ground. Secondly, migration and climate policies would be clearly boosted through the elaboration of a common policy-oriented research agenda of which elements were put forward at the event. Finally, efficient communication tools and channels could be developed to transfer research findings to policy-makers.

Severe Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patient Coinfected with Leishmania braziliensis and Its Endosymbiotic Virus.

Leishmaniaparasites cause a broad range of disease, with cutaneous afflictions being, by far, the most prevalent. Variations in disease severity and symptomatic spectrum are mostly associated to parasite species. One risk factor for the severity and emergence of leishmaniasis is immunosuppression, usually arising by coinfection of the patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Interestingly, several species ofLeishmaniahave been shown to bear an endogenous cytoplasmic dsRNA virus (LRV) of theTotiviridaefamily, and recently we correlated the presence of LRV1 withinLeishmaniaparasites to an exacerbation murine leishmaniasis and with an elevated frequency of drug treatment failures in humans. This raises the possibility of further exacerbation of leishmaniasis in the presence of both viruses, and here we report a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused byLeishmania braziliensisbearing LRV1 with aggressive pathogenesis in an HIV patient. LRV1 was isolated and partially sequenced from skin and nasal lesions. Genetic identity of both sequences reinforced the assumption that nasal parasites originate from primary skin lesions. Surprisingly, combined antiretroviral therapy did not impact the devolution ofLeishmaniainfection. TheLeishmaniainfection was successfully treated through administration of liposomal amphotericin B.

The Rasikajy civilization in northeast Madagascar: a pre-European Chinese community?

Archaeological excavations in northern Madagascar during the first half of the 20th century have revealed the presence of a former prosperous civilisation known as the Rasikajy civilisation. Little is known about the origin of this civilisation and how and when they first arrived in Madagascar. The most striking evidence for the Rasikajy civilisation comes from excavations at a necropolis in Vohemar located along the northeast coast, where more than 600 tombs containing spectacular objects were unearthed in the 1940s (Vernier & Millot 1971). The findings in the tombs included, amongst others, Chinese ceramics, silver and gold jewellery, iron weapons, glassware, bronze mirrors and chlorite-schist objects (ibid.). The latter objects were produced from chlorite schist mined at quarries in northern and eastern Madagascar and there is evidence that jewellery and iron objects were also produced by the Rasikajy from locally available raw material. Chlorite-schist objects have not only been found in coastal sites in Madagascar, but also in the Comores and eastern Africa suggesting an active engagement of the Rasikajy in western Indian Ocean trade. Our re-evaluation of published literature on archaeological sites in northern Madagascar indicates that the majority of Chinese ceramics found in the tombs at Vohemar dates from the 15th and first half of the 16th century with some dating back to the 14th century or earlier. Our comparative analysis of burial objects at Vohemar shows that locally produced chlorite-schist tripod vessels exhibit remarkable resemblances to ancient Chinese bronze ritual tripod vessels. The objects encountered in the tombs and their positions with respect to the body indicate that the Rasikajy practiced burial rites similar to those practised in the past in China. Our re-evaluation of the literature suggests that communities with Chinese roots were present in northeastern Madagascar prior to the arrival of the first Europeans in 1500 and participated in the Indian Ocean trade network. The demise of the Rasikajy civilisation seems to have occurred in the second half of the 16th century when production of chlorite-schist objects ceased. It is still unclear why this occurred.

Tras las huellas de Hegemón : Usos de hegemonía en la teoría política de Ernesto Laclau

Este artículo presenta un análisis de la noción de hegemonía tal como es desarrollada por Ernesto Laclau en investigaciones que comprenden desde trabajos previos a su clásico Hegemonía y estrategia socialista. Hacia una radicalización de la democracia (1985, en colaboración con Chantal Mouffe) hasta su obra importante más reciente La razón populista (2004). La hipótesis de lectura que guía el articulo es que hegemonía -desde sus orígenes en la teoría política de Laclau- funciona como una categoría que plantea la relación entre la universalidad y la particularidad pero también como tres conceptos -en tanto esta categoría adquiere un contenido particular cuando se la utiliza en diferentes campos: lo político y la lógica de constitución de lo social; el funcionamiento de una/la lógica de la política; y la constitución de las identidades colectivas

(Table 1) Rare earth element contents in basalts and glasses of DSDP Legs 45 and 51

Rare-earth element (REE) distributions in altered basalts and glasses collected during some Legs of the Deep Sea Drilling Project show that a fractionation of these elements occurs during submarine weathering. When the alteration is well-marked, the REE distribution in altered glasses shows an enrichment in light rare-earths relative to the fresh glass. In particular, Ce is selectively enriched in palagonitized glasses that comprise, besides polymetallic nodules, another phase liable to explain the Ce depletion in seawater. Taking in account these processes of submarine weathering of the oceanic crust, a geochemical balance of Ce between authigenic phases of the marine environment is attempted.

(Table 1) Major and trace elements analyses from FAMOUS-Project and DSDP Site 54-424

Hydrothermal deposits "sensu stricto" have been recovered during the FAMOUS cruise and Leg 54 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project near the Galapagos Spreading Centre. The studied sediments, mainly composed of clay material, have very poor REE concentrations, below about ten ppm. The shale-normalized patterns are characterized by a significant enrichment in heavy rare earths and show a negative Ce anomaly. The magnitude of this anomaly fluctuates but is generally lower than the seawater Ce anomaly. The geochemical characteristics of these hydrothermal deposits are in contrast with those of metalliferous sediments which are more enriched in trace elements, especially in REE.

Lettres de Madame la Marquise de Sévigné, a Madame la Comtesse de Grignan, sa fille : tome premier.

Mode of access: Internet.

Lettres de Madame la Marquise de Sévigné, a Madame la Comtesse de Grignan, sa fille : tome troisieme.

Mode of access: Internet.

Lettres de Madame la Marquise de Sévigné, a Madame la Comtesse de Grignan, sa fille : tome cinquieme.

Mode of access: Internet.