1000 resultados para Experiências adversas na infância


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Este artigo tem o objetivo de relatar uma metodologia adotada numa disciplina da área de Psicologia que trata do desenvolvimento humano, para ensinar as etapas do desenvolvimento. A metodologia envolveu a técnica do seminário, entretanto, rompeu com um modelo reprodutivista de educação. Uma das mudanças adotadas, envolveu a pesquisa de material de estudo, não se prendendo apenas a teoria, mas incluindo a busca de fontes mais próximas da realidade. Neste processo, procuramos também atingir o aluno na sua totalidade, de forma que ele pudesse envolver toda sua pessoa. Através do estimulo à criatividade, desenvolvemos também vários tipos de inteligência da aluno, assim como sua inteligência emocional.

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Neste trabalho pretendo acrescentar algumas questões à reflexão mais ampla que venho realizando sobre formação de professores e em que tenho discutido a importância do papel do pesquisador da Universidade como agente formador e instigador das mudanças no interior das escolas e do processo de apropriação e transformação dos conceitos que envolvem a prática do professor na sala de aula. Pretendo ainda, analisar duas experiências que revelam o desenvolvimento de processo de colaboração Universidade-escolas de Ensino Fundamental e Médio numa direção em que professor, pesquisador e alunos do curso de Pedagogia desta Universidade atuam conjuntamente num processo de formação que se dá em espiral: da ação para a reflexão, apontando para a formação.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o complexo processo de constituição de oito experências de assentamentos rurais, no tocante ao seu desenvolvimento econômico e político-organizacional, localizados em regiões distintas do Estado de São Paulo. Trajetórias diferenciadas entre si marcam essas experiências, os aspectos organizacionais incidem de forma diferenciada sobre a evolução econômica, não havendo uma relação de causalidade entre desempenho econômico, existência de dissensões e alternativas de organização. Pulverização e competição são fatores presentes na tentativa de construção de um novo modo de vida. Constata-se significativa pressão para que esses novos agricultores se mtegrem ao complexo agroindustnal e ao processo de globalização econômica hoje em curso.

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Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

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O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) e a indisciplina são na atualidade assuntos que aparecem com forte incidência no cotidiano escolar. Algumas condutas apresentadas pelas crianças, neste contexto, são vistas como indicativos de tal transtorno e isso vem contribuindo para que crianças ainda muito pequenas sejam encaminhadas pelos educadores aos profissionais da saúde, por apresentarem na escola comportamentos considerados indisciplinados, agitados e impulsivos. A presente pesquisa tem como principal objetivo, discutir a relação entre indisciplina e o diagnóstico de TDAH, a partir da queixa do professor da educação infantil. Pretende ainda, analisar a postura dos educadores diante do processo de patologização no campo educacional, levando em conta a sociedade eugênica e disciplinar, que foi consolidada com o processo de higienização ocorrido no início do século XX, como também, construir uma reflexão crítica acerca das práticas sociais e educativas que ora se configuram, mediante a análise da educação contemporânea e do resgate histórico da escolarização no Brasil. A pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo de caso qualitativo e as estratégias metodológicas empregadas para a coleta de dados incluíram a observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas, diário de campo e análise de documentos. Os resultados foram organizados em oito eixos temáticos e indicaram principalmente que os educadores apresentam dificuldades para estabelecer diferenças entre indisciplina e o TDAH e o que é normal e patológico, o que tem causado o aumento expressivo no número de encaminhamentos de crianças aos profissionais de saúde e a consequente patologização e medicalização da infância.

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In this study we intent to contextualize the topic environmental vulnerability on the world stage, highlighting similarities and differences in their conceptions in Portugal and Brazil. In the literature about the vulnerability is already established the contribution of Geotechnologies, especially the Systems of Remote Sensing and Orbital Imaging as well as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and its potential for modelling physical and socioeconomic aspects for the prevention, mitigation and facing risk manifestations, whether natural, technological or mixed. This paper aims to discuss the methodological framework of vulnerability studies and the results of application in the modelling of socioeconomic and environmental data in the context of the Region Centre of Portugal and the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The methodology for analysing the vulnerability of these regions was based on quantitative studies of the capacity of resistance and resilience of populations and territories. The results were consistent with the socio-environmental realities of the study areas and reflect the complexity of facing and recovery of risk situations in case of territories and populations under low economic conditions and urban infrastructure, whether in Brazil and Portugal.

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This study investigated Social Care as an institution that creates mechanisms for the production of subjectivity in the care of children and adolescents. For this, we used some analytical coordinates, both conjectural and structural, models of care for mapping care in confrontation in the field of Social Care. It was concluded that there was two contradictory paradigms, in the dialectical sense, organizing social care, one being the philanthropic mode and the other the socioeducative mode. The first, which is hegemonic in the field, corresponds to a care entity still organized from philanthropic care and is guided by a minority age logic, articulated by a discourse of criminalizing the lower classes. It is informally based on the legal concept of irregular situations, which would develop preventive, repressive, correctional and moralizing care practices. The construction of a socioeducative mode implies socioeducative care that aims for an effective increase in the rights of children and adolescents, based on their status as subjects and citizens, through democratic, dialogic, participatory, multi-disciplinary and fundamentally emancipatory institutional practices.

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The sun has an extremely important role in the existence of human beings, and Brazil has a privileged geographical position to explore sunlight. The union of these two factors favors the use of solar cells for converting solar energy into electricity by photovoltaic technology: it is a great alternative energy source, especially for being a clean one, causing less damage to the environment. This paper addresses the photovoltaic technology with a focus on hospitals, through case studies found in international literature, because hospitals, even running all important services to society, have a potential for pollution capable of causing damage to human health and the environment that is around them. It is estimated that the Brazilian oil reserves are sufficient for twenty-two years. This makes the search for alternative sources for power generation a necessity.

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Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

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This paper deals with the problem of experience and its possible languages between school knowledge and practices. Its objective is to find the different possibilities of thinking the experience in the educational praxis, based on the contemporary philosophical categories of event and childhood as well as on the genres of poetic language and testimony. In order to do so, it is reconstructed a genealogy of the transformation of educational praxis into pedagogical art in its relationships with childhood whether as a government goal or as a subject, revealing the domination states that constitute them and pointing out their potential of resistance to the actual one. It is also stated that this event breaks into in the aesthetic dimension of experience and concurs in order to interrupt the order of discourse, making subjects of educational praxis think about it and causing care of oneself to become an ethic attitude put together with an aesthetics of experience. Thus, this research aims at restoring the dignity of experience among school knowledge and practices.

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Introduction: This paper presents preliminary results of the research project "Information access: actions and strategies of the Chamber of Deputies to meet 12.527/2011 Law”. Finally some considerations about the implementation of the Law within the Chamber of Deputies are presented. Objectives: Discuss the matter of public information access after the new Brazilian information access law and his relationship between the theories information policy, information regime and informational state. Methodology: Bibliographic research about several theoretical topics related to information access were raised, for example: the concept of information, information policy, informational state, information regime, electronic government and information asymmetry. Results: The preliminaries data shows a convergence of information policies from many countries, for example, Finland, Canada and South Africa, to a same point, which indicates an increase of transparency and a bigger active disclosure of information public. Conclusion: In Brazilian case, in the relationship between State and citizen, the new information access law means a materialization paradigm change or the concretization de other information regime. The sanction of this law can be interpreted as another step to increase the transparency and the affirmation of democratic relationship between State and society.

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This article portrays pathways and studies, arising from research already completed on relationships that constitute the process of appropriation-objectification of the world of human culture by the child at the School for Children, under the gaze of Historical-Cultural Approach. The studies had been configured in accord with a theoretical look that understands the relations as propeller of the humanization process and the child as capable to learn since very small. Initially, there is deepening of theoretical issues concerning the regularities of human development between three and six years old, based on the propositions of the Historical-Cultural Approach. Subsequently, it presents results of the routes methodological that integrated observation sessions of educational practice in schools in early childhood education, involving the relationship between children, adults and objects, as well as sessions of designs and semi-structured interviews with the children. These results show the resulting analysis of the pedagogical implications of the propositions of the HistoricalCultural Approach about the humanization process, mediation and activity.

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This assay recoups the original direction of infantia to question the modern ambitions of its full government by means of the pedagogical art, in modernity, and to analyze its potential of resistance, in the present time, arguing the possibilities of this if to reconvert into praxis that the care of itself requires and of that assumed being as a debt on the part of the educators. For this, we will appeal to the Foucault concepts of governmentalization and of care of itself and to the Lyotard notion of debt it stops with infancy. Of this theoretician-conceptual perspective, we wait to offer some tracks so that, as educators, let us think the care with this another one, in the pedagogical art, from critical the philosophical one to the abuses of the power and the socratics recommendation on the on the care of itself.