Análise econômica de cultivos consorciados de alface americana x rabanete: um estudo de caso

O trabalho foi realizado para verificar se cultivos consorciados de alface e de rabanete são economicamente viáveis. Foram elaborados os custos de produção das culturas em monocultivo e em consorciação. Alguns indicadores agroeconômicos foram usados para avaliar a eficiência dos sistemas consorciados: índice de uso eficiente da terra, receita bruta, receita líquida, vantagem monetária, vantagem monetária corrigida, taxa de retorno e índice de lucratividade. A associação das culturas da alface e rabanete permitiu um melhor aproveitamento dos fatores de produção, com aumento na produção por unidade de área. Os consórcios estabelecidos ao zero (espaçamento entrelinha 0,30 x 0,30 m) e aos 14 dias após o transplantio da alface (espaçamento entrelinhas de 0,40 x 0,30m) tiveram os melhores indicadores agroeconômicos, com índices de uso eficiente da terra de 1,76 e 1,61, taxas de retorno de 4,13 e 4,53, e índices de lucratividade de 75,77 e 77,94%, respectivamente.

Viabilidade econômica do cultivo da alface crespa em monocultura e em consórcio com pepino

The protected culture, among other advantages, made possible to diminish the seasoning in offers and to improve the quality of vegetables. However, one consists in technology of high cost, that it may be attenuated with the increase in the efficiency of the use of the protected area, proportionated for the intercropping. The experiment was carried out at greenhouse at UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP, in the period of August and November of 2005, with the aim of evaluating the operational cost (COT) and the profitability of the crisphead lettuce "Veronica" (Lactuca sativa L.) in monoculture and in intercropping with the Japanese cucumber "Hokushin" (Cucumis sativus L.), in protected environment. The main cost items analyzed were the operational cost, the agricultural amendments and the materials cost. For the crisphead lettuce in monoculture and in intercropping, the COT was R$ 696,37 and R$ 295,06/614,4 m(2) respectively and the productivity was 822.53 and 890.78 kg/614,4 m(2). In monoculture and in intercropping the gross incomes were R$ 489,93 and R$ 452,39/614,4 m(2) respectively. It was verified a loss of R$ 206,44/614,4 m(2) in the crisphead lettuce monoculture and an operational profit of R$ 157,33/614,4 m(2) in protected environment when in intercropping with cucumber.

Viabilidade produtiva e econômica do consórcio entre chicória e rúcula em função da época de plantio

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Viabilidade econômica do uso do calcário na implantação de pomar de goiabeiras

With the objective of studying the relationship between limestone doses and guava production, a field experiment was conducted on Oxisol soil in the town of Bebedouro-SP, from 1999 to 2006. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The limestone was used only once in 1999, at doses from zero, 1.85; 3.71; 5.56 and 7.41 t ha(-1). The guava production increased in response to the application of the acidity corrective. The accumulated production of fruits in successive years 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 were associated with economical doses of limestone of 1.6; 4.4; 7.2 and 7.2 t ha(-1) respectively.

Dose econômica de calcário na produtividade de caramboleiras

Com o objetivo de estudar a relação entre doses de calcário e produção de carambolas, um experimento de campo foi conduzido em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, no município de Bebedouro(SP), no período de 1999 a 2006. O delineamento adotado foi o em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. O calcário foi aplicado uma única vez em 1999, nas doses de: 0; 1,85; 3,71; 5,56 e 7,41 t ha-1. A produção das caramboleiras aumentou em resposta à aplicação do corretivo de acidez. As produções acumuladas de frutos, nos anos sucessivos de 2003, 2004, 2005 e 2006, estiveram associadas às doses mais econômicas de calcário de 4,5; 4,8; 5,3 e 5,3 t ha-1, respectivamente.

Efeito da Suplementação Protéica sobre Crescimento, Terminação e Viabilidade Econômica de Bezerros Mestiços Canchim Confinados Pós-desmama

The feedlot performance of 30 post-weaning 3/4 Canchim 1/4 Nellore calves, with seven months of age and 208,8 kg of liveweight, was evaluated. Three different protein sources in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with 60:40 forage: concentrate ratio were used. The diets, fed ad libitum, constituted of corn silage, corn grain, mineral mix and a different protein source for each treatment: cottonseed meal, soybean meal and whole soybean. The weight gain, feed: gain ratio, dry matter and crude protein intake were evaluated for the growing (84 days) and fattening phases (84 days) and for the overall period. An economic study of young bulls production model was realized at the end of experimental period. Soybean meal based diet presented the best animal performance and provided R$ 51.30/head of net profit - the best economic result.

A Produção mais Limpa como ferramenta em busca da sustentabilidade empresarial: um estudo de múltiplos casos em empresas do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte

This study aimed to assess the Cleaner Production CP as corporate sustainable tool, through the multiple case studies within companies from Rio Grande do Norte State. In order to achieve this goal a research methodology approach was set. The initial stage of the research methodology was based on a literature review on which it was observed that the CP can be linked with corporate sustainable once it prevents pollution and reduces the operational risks among employees, community and environment. In addition, CP can useful for companies position within competitive position as well as being applied to process, products and services. In order to observe these factors, CP was used within food industry (Company 1), textile industry (Company 2) and in a car dealer (Company 3). Regarding the results, Company 1 changed its raw material as well as implementing housekeeping (control use of water, energy and condensed milk). In Company 2, it was observed the three levels of CP. In other words, housekeeping (e.g. cutting process and manipulation of chemical products), changing technology (high pressure washing machine) and internal and external recycling. In addition, Company 3 considered only level 3 external recycling. As consequence, it was observed that can be applied either within industry as well as service sector. Unfortunately, it was not possible to observe any social gains on a monetary basis. This is due to limitations of the CP methodology and study complexity. Therefore, it was observed improvements regarding to social, environmental and economic areas. Nevertheless, it is necessary more commitment from top level management in order to consider CP like effective sustainable tool

Diagnóstico sócio-produtivo-econômico da comunidade de catadores de resíduos sólidos do município de Codó-MA: um estudo de caso

The research was carried out in the urban area in Codó-MA, a small city the east part of Maranhão, which has 4,228.000 km2 (IBGE, 2000) and population of 113,768 hab. (IBGE, 2008). The city is also inside Codó-MA micro-region. The city is located in one of the lacking area in Brazil, where the Human Development Index (IDH) is approximately 0,558. It does not present an adequate model of management when talking about solid residue collecting. All of the solid residue produced and collected in the city is stored in an open area that they call lixão , which is located in a residence area in the suburbs. Because of that, a problem that involves public health and environmental areas, we understand it is necessary to investigate the way the local government treats and manages the solid residue collecting, as well as, the social, economical and productive reality of those who are directly involved in the collecting itself, its productive chain of the material, including the handling, transportation and its final destiny. It means a social, productive, economical diagnosis, that in a such way,the local society and the organs of inspection can act in a better way to control the problems that include solid urban residue and come from a bad administration. That way, this work proposes to carry out a study that has as result a diagnosis with feasible alternatives on management, taking as basis, social and economical aspects that compound this productive chain. This work can bring great contributions to a better local reality through the introduction of an integrated and supported system of management of solid residue that includes a selective collecting and the creation of a sanitary area. Taking that into consideration, we can contribute to minimize the environmental impacts in Codó Novo, caused by the garbage

Análise tecnológica sobre os aspectos ambientais de empreendimentos hoteleiros da Praia de Ponta Negra Natal/RN: um modelo de sistema de gestão ambiental

The present work aimed the elaboration of an environmental study focused on the hotel sector in order to present an analysis of the environmental aspects of Ponta Negra Beach, in Natal, RN, Brazil and also the aspects of the small and medium hotels existing in this area. By means of this work, it is possible to elaborate a model of a simplified System of Environmental Management which can attend to the exigencies required by NBR ISO 14001: 2004, as well as to present economical viability and possibility to be implemented in a way that hotels may converge to the sustainable environmental development of the tourism in Ponta Negra Beach. The research methodology presents itself divided into three items: execution of the environmental characterization of Ponta Negra Beach, by way of technical visits and interpretation of satellite images and cartograms of the main environmental characteristics of the region; execution of the work already made concerning the development, application and interpretation of the evaluation of the environmental aspects of each hotel, considering the hotels and the period of data collection, these used in evaluation, research instrument and a description of the procedure utilized for the analysis of the collected data and the utilized methodology for the elaboration of a model of a simplified System of Environmental Management. In a general way, it has been concluded that the practices executed by hotels in Ponta Negra Beach are impact-like and harmful to the environment. The simple implementation of analysis procedures and control of the environmental aspects could suggestively contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts promoted by the hotel section at this beach and in the nearby areas. It had been noticed that the study contributed to the sensitization of managers concerning the environmental problems since, in many other times, the detected problem was, in fact, the non-acquaintance about the environmental aspects and impacts from those hotels administrators, because of the lack of surveys and studies about the theme. It had also been noticed the arousing of a possible environmental attitude from some managers

Relacionamentos cooperativos como fator de sustentabilidade na economia solidária no RN: um estudo de caso múltiplo no setor apícola

We are observing, particurlarly in the last two decades an aggravation of social problems inherent in contemporary society, such as high rates of unereloyment and social exclusion. In this context, the social economy appears as an alternative to generate employment and income, especially for the country man through the production and distribution of developed products in a collective way where the actions of cooperation gain significant importance this study aims to determine how the collective actions affect the sustainability of cooperative socio-political and economic developments of the economy and so it was adopted a methodology of multiple case study in three organizations in the apiculture sector of Rio Grande do Norte the Beekeepers Association of São Rafael City (AAMSR); Beekeepers Association of Serra do Mel (APISMEL) and Family Agriculture Cooperative of Apodi (COOAFAP). To evaluate relationship in collaborative ventures solidarity it is constructed a matrix that identify and develop relationship in the organization and, to measure the level of sustainability of these ventures are calculated the indices of socio-political sustainability and economic sustainability. The research results shows a fully collaborative relationship in all cases based on factors such as effective communication between beekeepers involved/and also cooperated with these organization; availability of beekeepers to perform adjustments in production process; an organizational culture focused on collaboration and high level of situation described above and taking into account that the business of solidarity economy better positioned in the matrix of relationships are those that have best indices of sustainability, it is evidence the importance of collaborative relationships for the sustainability of joint ventures

Avaliação econômica da utilização de diferentes níveis de polpa cítrica com ou sem adição de complexo enzimático nas dietas de suínos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Análise pelo Supply Chain Management da cadeia produtiva da castanha de caju no Rio Grande do Norte

This work presents the cashew nuts chain in the State of Rio Grande do Norte between 1960 and 2009. The main purpose of this research was to find the reason of the low productivity of the cashew nut in this state, identifying in the cashew's chain production the struggling points which were limiting the commerce of this product through the distribution network. Therefore, the Supply Chain Management was used as a logistic analysis methodology, focusing on relationships management between the nodes of this chain, from the producer until the final customer. Many problems were found: first, the precarious production conditions of the small producer don't lead to reach the demanded productivity by the market. The distance, the lack of communication of the small producers among themselves and an archaic way of dealing with their businesses, may be an explanatory reason for this problem, considering that those factors are the main elements which contribute for the weakening of the small producer placed in the productive chain. Another spotted point was that the business-oriented relationship between the producer and the local trader does not allow the small producer's economical development, which interferes in any technological investment to reach a good quality production that fulfills the market demand. And also, the fact that there is a tendency of the final costumer to require lower prices day-byday, forcing a pressure on the nodes transferring to the other and successively until arriving at the producer who inevitably is suffering the biggest impacts from this mentioned pressure.

Diagnóstico Socioambiental da disposição final dos resíduos sólidos no distrito de Guajiru São Gonçalo do Amarante/RN, ressaltando a situação socioeconômica dos catadores

One of the concerns of this century is with the handling and the final destination of urban solid waste (RSU), where depending on the form as they will be made use, they can cause diverse problems, they are of ambient or social order, being able to generate the loss of the quality of life and illnesses to the population, of direct or indirect form. The objective of the present work was to diagnosis the environmental partner situation of the Final Destination of the urban solid residues in the District of Guajiru, city of São Gonçalo do Amarante/RN, standing out the partner-economic situation of the scavengers. The research was carried through in the period of March of 2008 the October of 2009, with a methodology developed through analyzes them of documents made available for the state ambient agency, the Air base of Christmas and managing agencies of the city. For collection of the date, it was used directly application of the questionnaire with 20 existing scavengers in points of destination of residues, evaluation of the old place of final destination through the use of the spread sheet of the IQR (Index of Quality of the Residues), developed for the CETESB, identification of the matter dump and photographic register. For effect of treatment of the data, a descriptive analysis with regard to the answers of the interviewed scavengers was carried through. The acquired date, Scale had been according to tabulated and analyzed in Excel 2003, where they had been generated graphical to observe the behavior of the data. The results show that of the twenty interviewed scavengers, 35% possess age between 20 and 30 years; 75% possess incomplete basic education; 60% inhabit in houses of waal or huts (cardboard or wood); 55% do not make use of system of water supply and system of sanitary exhaustion; with regard to income monthly for scavengers, 35% had presented income between R$ 200,00 and R$300,00 and 20% possess income above of R$ 500,00 for possessing another source of income; 80% of the interviewed ones, use some type of equipment of individual protection; In the year of 2009, confirming what it was informed by the State agency of Environment, during the field visit, we evidence that the city of Is Gonçalo do Amarante, currently, destines its residues in Sanitary landfill of São Region Metropolitan of Natal in the District of Massaranduba in the city of Ceará-Mirim, after some interventions of the State Public prosecution service. However, in the district of Guajiru some diggings still exist that today are used as final destination of RCD' s (Residues of Construction and Demolition) of the cities of Natal and São Gonçalo do Amarante, as well as private dumps that are used by scavengers that deviate the final destination (Sanitary landfill) of the residues of the great generators (supermarkets, shopping Center and hotels), with presence of urubus, generating a new ambient problem for the city and the aeroportuária security. Ahead of this scene, the study it suggests viable alternatives for the elimination of the private dumps and for the social situation of the escavengers, aiming at to improve its quality of life and 10 to minimize the ambient impacts caused by the inadequate destination of the solid waste in the community of Guajiru, São Gonçalo do Amarante/RN, being able to contribute so that the public managers carry through action in the handling and the control of the final destination of the urban solid waste

Características reprodutivas e suas associações com outras características de importância econômica na raça Nelore

Objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar as herdabilidades (h²) e as correlações genéticas (r g) entre idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) e primeiro intervalo de partos (PIEP) e outras características como peso (PS) ao ano (A) e ao sobreano (S), altura do posterior (ALT) e perímetro escrotal (PE450) em animais da raça Nelore. Os parâmetros genéticos foram estimados em uma análise multicaracterística por modelo animal, utilizando-se a inferência bayesiana via algoritmo de Gibbs Sampling. Os parâmetros genéticos estimados sugerem a existência de variabilidade genética para IPP (h² = 0,26), sendo que a seleção para a diminuição da IPP de fêmeas Nelore deve responder à seleção individual, sem causar antagonismo do valor genético dos animais para PS (r g = -0,22 (A) e -0,44 (S)) e PE450 (r g = 0,02). A seleção para a diminuição da IPP, no longo prazo, pode levar a um aumento da ALT dos animais, embora essa associação seja relativamente baixa (-0,35). A estimativa de herdabilidade a posteriori para a característica PIEP foi baixa, 0,11±0,03. As r g entre PIEP e as demais características estudadas indicam que a seleção para essas características de crescimento não afetará o PIEP.

A pegada de carbono como um dos indicadores de sustentabilidade para medição da responsabilidade socioambiental empresarial: um estudo de caso na unidade sede da Petrobras em Natal-RN

As a contemporary tendency, it is been evidenced that the environmental changes theme, already admitted as a concernment to international economical and political reality, is also gaining repercussion on industrial and business sector. Firms are implementing actions on trial to minimize their own greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions impacts. However, the great majority of those actions of Corporative Social-Environmental Responsibility (CSR) are referred only to direct emissions of the main production systems. Direct emissions are those derived of an isolate process, without considering the upstream and downstream processes emissions, which respond for the majority of emissions originated because of respective firm‟s production system existence. Because the greenhouse effect occurs globally and the GHG emissions contribute to the environmental changes independently of their origin, it must be taken into account the whole productive life cycle of products and systems, since the energy invested on resources extraction and necessary materials to the final disposal. To do so, it must be investigated all relevant steps of a product/production system life cycle, tracking all activities which emit greenhouse gases, directly or indirectly. This amount of emissions consists in the firm‟s Carbon Footprint. This research purpose is to defend the Carbon Footprint relevance and its adoption viability to be used as an Environmental Indicator on measurement/assessment of CSR. It has been realized a study case on Petrobras‟s seat unity at Natal-Brazil, assessing part of its Carbon Footprint. It has been used the software GEMIS 4.6 to do the emissions quantifying. The items measured were the direct emissions of the own unity vehicles and indirect emissions of offset paper (A4), energy and disposable plastic cups consumed. To 2009, these emissions were 3.811,94 tCO2eq. We may conclude that Carbon Footprint quantification is indispensable to the knowledge of real emissions caused by a productive process existence, must serving as basis to CSR decisions about the environmental changes reversion challenge