ESPÍRITOS DO UNIVERSO RESPONSÁVEIS PELO DESTINO: ESTUDO EXEGÉTICO EM COLOSSENSES 2.8-3.4

Esta dissertação de mestrado analisará a expressão grega ta. stoicei/a tou/ ko,smou, “os elementos do mundo”, que ocorre na carta de Colossenses nos versículos 8 e 20 do segundo capítulo. Será feito um estudo exegético na perícope bíblica 2.8-3.4 da referida carta, bem como uma análise histórica especificamente do termo stoicei/a. O estudo desta expressão é importante para poder se compreender a filosofia colossense mencionada em Cl 2.8. A igreja cristã na cidade de Colossos estava inserida em um contexto social religioso sincrético. Esse sincretismo é percebido claramente em textos de magia como os Papiros Mágicos Gregos, muito comuns na região da Ásia Menor, a mesma onde a igreja colossense estava situada. O sincretismo religioso, envolvendo crenças judaicas e pagãs, reflete as bases dessa filosofia. O autor da carta aos Colossenses refuta a crença nos “elementos do mundo”, bem como a subserviência aos mesmos. Dentre outras crenças, acreditava-se que esses “elementos” poderiam influenciar os acontecimentos sobre a terra e o destino das pessoas. Questões que envolvem práticas acéticas, adoração a anjos e observância de calendário litúrgico, dão os contornos dessa filosofia. O autor da carta enfatiza o senhorio de Cristo, bem como as obras dele em favor dos cristãos colossenses, que proporcionavam a eles, segurança quanto a terem um bom destino. E, além disso, é assegurada uma liberdade aos cristãos colossenses que não podia lhes ser cerceada por quaisquer outras crenças religiosas. Então, as obras de Cristo, bem como o seu senhorio, são os principais argumentos utilizados pelo autor da carta, a fim de afirmar aos cristãos em Colossos que eles não precisam mais temer o destino e nem se submeter aos “elementos do mundo”.

E-cadherin induces mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in human ovarian surface epithelium

Ovarian carcinomas are thought to arise in the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). Although this tissue forms a simple epithelial covering on the ovarian surface, OSE cells exhibit some mesenchymal characteristics and contain little or no E-cadherin. However, E-cadherin is present in metaplastic OSE cells that resemble the more complex epithelia of the oviduct, endometrium and endocervix, and in primary epithelial ovarian carcinomas. To determine whether E-cadherin was a cause or consequence of OSE metaplasia, we expressed this cell-adhesion molecule in simian virus 40-immortalized OSE cells. In these cells the exogenous E-cadherin, all three catenins, and F-actin localized at sites of cell–cell contact, indicating the formation of functional adherens junctions. Unlike the parent OSE cell line, which had undergone a typical mesenchymal transformation in culture, E-cadherin-expressing cells contained cytokeratins and the tight-junction protein occludin. They also formed cobblestone monolayers in two-dimensional culture and simple epithelia in three-dimensional culture that produced CA125 and shed it into the culture medium. CA125 is a normal epithelial-differentiation product of the oviduct, endometrium, and endocervix, but not of normal OSE. It is also a tumor antigen that is produced by ovarian neoplasms and by metaplastic OSE. Thus, E-cadherin restored some normal characteristics of OSE, such as keratin, and it also induced epithelial-differentiation markers associated with weakly preneoplastic, metaplastic OSE and OSE-derived primary carcinomas. The results suggest an unexpected role for E-cadherin in ovarian neoplastic progression.

Purification and Characterization of a Low-Molecular-Weight Phospholipase A2 from Developing Seeds of Elm1

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was purified about 180,000 times compared with the starting soluble-protein extract from developing elm (Ulmus glabra) seeds. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the purified fraction showed a single protein band with a mobility that corresponded to 15 kD, from which activity could be recovered. When analyzed by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the enzyme had a deduced mass of 13,900 D. A 53-amino acid-long N-terminal sequence was determined and aligned with other sequences, giving 62% identity to the deduced amino acid sequence of some rice (Oryza sativa) expressed sequence tag clones. The purified enzyme had an alkaline pH optimum and required Ca2+ for activity. It was unusually stable with regard to heat, acidity, and organic solvents but was sensitive to disulfide bond-reducing agents. The enzyme is a true PLA2, neither hydrolyzing the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine nor having any activity toward lysophosphatidylcholine or diacylglycerol. The biochemical data and amino acid sequence alignments indicate that the enzyme is related to the well-characterized family of animal secretory PLA2s and, to our knowledge, is the first plant enzyme of this type to be described.

Soybean Lipoxygenase-1 Oxidizes 3Z-Nonenal : A Route to 4S-Hydroperoxy-2E-Nonenal and Related Products

In previous work with soybean (Glycine max), it was reported that the initial product of 3Z-nonenal (NON) oxidation is 4-hydroperoxy-2E-nonenal (4-HPNE). 4-HPNE can be converted to 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal by a hydroperoxide-dependent peroxygenase. In the present work we have attempted to purify the 4-HPNE-producing oxygenase from soybean seed. Chromatography on various supports had shown that O2 uptake with NON substrate consistently coincided with lipoxygenase (LOX)-1 activity. Compared with oxidation of LOX's preferred substrate, linoleic acid, the activity with NON was about 400- to 1000-fold less. Rather than obtaining the expected 4-HPNE, 4-oxo-2E-nonenal was the principal product of NON oxidation, presumably arising from the enzyme-generated alkoxyl radical of 4-HPNE. In further work a precipitous drop in activity was noted upon dilution of LOX-1 concentration; however, activity could be enhanced by spiking the reaction with 13S-hydroperoxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid. Under these conditions the principal product of NON oxidation shifted to the expected 4-HPNE. 4-HPNE was demonstrated to be 83% of the 4S-hydroperoxy-stereoisomer. Therefore, LOX-1 is also a 3Z-alkenal oxygenase, and it exerts the same stereospecificity of oxidation as it does with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Two other LOX isozymes of soybean seed were also found to oxidize NON to 4-HPNE with an excess of 4S-hydroperoxy-stereoisomer.

Evolución de los factores de riesgo dinámicos en función del historial delictivo de menores infractores de la Comunidad de Madrid

En el momento actual nos encontramos desde el ámbito de la justicia juvenil, con la necesidad de mejorar las estrategias de abordaje que permitan minimizar el riesgo de conductas desviadas futuras, contribuyendo de este modo a la disminución de la delincuencia futura y su victimización asociada. Una de las formas en que podemos enmarcar mejor su situación es a través del criterio de la reincidencia delictiva y su valoración, y ello conlleva conocer muy bien todos aquellos factores estáticos o dinámicos que se asocian a la misma. De este modo, no sólo podremos valorar la posibilidad de reincidencia, si no que estaremos en disposición de influir sobre aquellos factores dinámicos, susceptibles de modificación mediante la intervención que se plantee, haciendo que ésta sea más eficaz y eficiente, ajustándonos así a un modelo de justicia juvenil moderno y más actualizado (Graña, Garrido y González, 2007). Sobre la etiología de la conducta delictiva y su explicación causal, han sido multitud las corrientes teóricas y autores que han planteado diferentes planteamientos y clasificaciones para describir el fenómeno de la delincuencia juvenil. En primer lugar debemos tener en cuenta que las conductas desviadas, e incluso antisociales, aparecen en la gran mayoría de adolescentes, configurando un aspecto evolutivo que se ha llegado a considerar pasajero, diferenciándose claramente dos grupos de entre estos menores, los que llevan a cabo comportamientos antisociales circunscritos a la adolescencia y aquellos cuyos comportamientos antisociales persisten tras esta etapa (Frick, 2006; McLeod, Grove y Farrington, 2012; Moffit, 1993;1997). Algunas clasificaciones han tenido en cuenta aspectos basados en la conducta delictiva (infractores vs. no infractores o según la tipología delictiva), otras se han basado en los síntomas clínicos o las clasificaciones diagnósticas, o han tenido en cuenta los rasgos de personalidad (Eysenck, 1964; Frick, 2006; Lykken, 1995; Millon, 1993; Quay, 1995)...

Habilidades do desenvolvimento infantil e linguagem de crianças com fissura labiopalatina

A Fissura Labiopalatina (FLP) é uma das malformações mais comuns da infância, apontada por alguns estudos como um risco para o desenvolvimento global, de fala e linguagem. O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar as habilidades do desenvolvimento infantil, enfocando a linguagem de crianças de 3 ano a 3 anos e 11 meses com fissura labiopalatina. A amostra foi dividida em grupo amostral (GA) com 30 crianças entre 3 anos a 3 anos e 11 meses com FLP e o grupo comparativo (GC) com 30 crianças sem FLP de 3 anos a 3 anos e 11 meses provenientes de um Banco de dados. Os grupos foram submetidos a avaliação de três instrumentos: Teste de Triagem de Desenvolvimento de Denver II; Escala ELM - Early language Milestone Scale e o Inventário MacArthur de Desenvolvimento Comunicativo (CDI´s). Houve relação entre a alteração no DNPM e nas habilidades de linguagem e a presença da FLP. Alteração nas habilidades Motor Grosso e de Linguagem, nas áreas Auditivo Expressivo (AE) e Auditivo Receptivo (AR), com prejuízo maior na AE, e no vocabulário expressivo, ambos relacionados a linguagem expressiva. Observou-se desempenho abaixo do esperado, com indicadores de risco para o desenvolvimento das habilidades comunicativas e globais, considerando a amostra estudada.

Presencia del olmo temblón o negrillo, Ulmus laevis Pall. en Ibi (Alicante, Comunidad Valenciana)

Se ha localizado en la Rambla de la Gavarnera en Ibi, Alicante una pequeña población de Ulmus laevis Pall., que no había sido citado expresamente en localidades valencianas, ni en las floras locales, regionales, ni nacionales, en unos casos por no haberse localizado, en otros por considerar a este árbol alóctono en España. Desde hace una década un equipo de la ETSIA de Montes de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, viene realizando diversos proyectos y tesis doctorales que han dado como resultado la puesta en valor de esta especie, a través de su localización a nivel nacional, estudio ecológico, fisiológico y genético, que arrojan numerosas pruebas a favor de la autoctonía de esta especie en España. Según los autores de este dilatado proyecto, U. laevis habría tenido en España uno de su principales refugios cuaternarios, aunque en la actualidad se encuentre fragmentado en poblaciones dispersas, con pocos individuos y problemas para su conservación y supervivencia. No obstante esta especie ha demostrado mayores tasas de supervivencia a la enfermedad de los olmos, que otros de sus congéneres como Ulmus minor y U. glabra. En cuanto a su presencia en Alicante, son precisamente estos autores los que localizan un primer ejemplar en Ibi, al que ahora añadimos dos ejemplares más repartidos en tres puntos muy próximos y situados a lo largo de la Rambla de la Gavarnera. Este es un cauce irregular pero con nivel freático permanente, como lo atestiguan la existencia de pozos, azudes, albercas que abastecieron a los pequeños regadíos de la zona, muchos de ellos abandonados en la actualidad. Dada la rareza de esta especie a nivel nacional y la excepcionalidad de su presencia en Ibi, consideramos que el ejemplar de mayor porte merece la consideración de árbol singular para la Comunidad Valenciana y por otra parte, los otros ejemplares merecen su protección y multiplicación, para incrementar la población existente. Es necesario desarrollar un mayor esfuerzo de localización en este paraje y zonas próximas de la Comarca, para conocer su potencial distribución en la provincia y determinar un estatus de protección adecuado.

Fosca: melodramma in quattro atti

di Antonio Ghislanzoni ; musica di A. Carlos Gomes ; canto e pianoforte, riduzione di N. Celega.

Marino Falliero: tragedia lirica

del Sigr. Bidèra ; posta in musica ... del mo. Gaetano Donizetti.

Marino Falliero [sic]: tragedia lirica. Se pur giungi a trucidarlo : duetto

del sigr. Bidèra ; posta in musica del maestro G. Donizetti.

New York, N.Y. and vicinity, 1899 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: New York City and vicinity, H.M. Wilson, geographer in charge ; triangulation by U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey ; topography by S.H. Bodfish ... [et al. and] U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, N.Y. City Government and the Geological Survey of New Jersey. It was published by U.S.G.S. in 1899. Scale 1:62,500. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18N NAD83 projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, cities and towns, villages, forts, cemeteries, aqueducts, boundaries, and more. Relief is shown with standard contour intervals of 20 feet. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

New York, N.Y. and vicinity, 1961 : Paterson, N.J.-N.Y. (8 Sheet Set) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the United States Geological Survey 7.5 minute topographic sheet map entitled: New York and vicinity : Paterson, N.J.-N.Y., 1955. It is part of an 8 sheet map set covering the metropolitan New York City area. It was published in 1961. Scale 1:24,000. The source map was prepared by the Geological Survey from 1:24,000-scale maps of Hackensack, Paterson, Orange, and Weehawken 1955 7.5 minute quadrangles. The Orange quadrangle was previously compiled by the Army Map Service. Culture revised by the Geological Survey. Hydrography compiled from USC&GS charts 287 (1954), 745 (1956), and 746 (1956). The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18N NAD27 projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. USGS maps are typical topographic maps portraying both natural and manmade features. They show and name works of nature, such as mountains, valleys, lakes, rivers, vegetation, etc. They also identify the principal works of humans, such as roads, railroads, boundaries, transmission lines, major buildings, etc. Relief is shown with standard contour intervals of 10 and 20 feet; depths are shown with contours and soundings. Please pay close attention to map collar information on projections, spheroid, sources, dates, and keys to grid numbering and other numbers which appear inside the neatline. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Chicago, Illinois, and vicinity, 1910 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Blanchard's map of Chicago and suburbs. It was published by Rufus Blanchard in 1910. Scale [ca. 1:49,600]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Illinois East State Plane Coordinate System NAD83 (in Feet) (Fipszone 1201). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, elevated roads, railroads, railroad stations, street car lines, drainage, selected industry locations, parks and boulevards, city limits and ward boundaries, and more. Includes insets: Lake shore north of Chicago -- Cook, Dupage, and Will counties, also parts of Kane County, Ill., and Lake County, Ind.. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Chicago, Illinois, and vicinity, 1916 (Image 1 of 2) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Rand McNally & Co.'s new street number guide map of Chicago, Rand McNally & Co. It was published by Rand McNally & Co. ca. 1916. Scale [ca. 1:37,500]. This layer is image 1 of 2 total images of the double-sided source map, representing the northern portion of the map. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Illinois East State Plane Coordinate System NAD83 (in Feet) (Fipszone 1201). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, railroad stations, team tracks, street car lines, elevated roads, drainage, parks, boulevards, city boundaries, and more. Includes index to railroads and explanation. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Chicago and vicinity, Illinois, 1953 (Image 1 of 3) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic, topographic paper map entitled: Chicago and vicinity, Ill.-Ind. : sheet no. 1 of 3 (Evanston), 1953, mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey. It was published in 1957. Scale 1:24,000. The source map was compiled from 1:24,000 scale maps of Evanston, Park Ridge, Arlington Heights, Elmhurst, River Forest, and Chicago Loop, 1953 7.5 minute quadrangles. Hydrography from U.S. Lake Survey Charts 75 (1:120,000), 751 (1:60,000), and 752 (1:15,000). This layer is image 1 of 3 total images of the three sheet source map. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Illinois East State Plane Coordinate System NAD27 (in Feet) (Fipszone 1201). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This is a typical topographic map portraying both natural and manmade features. It shows and names works of nature, such as mountains, valleys, lakes, rivers, vegetation, etc. It also identify the principal works of humans, such as roads, railroads, boundaries, transmission lines, major buildings, etc. Relief is shown with standard contour intervals of 5 feet. Depths shown by isolines and soundings. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.