926 resultados para Dictadura militar argentina 1976-1983


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Incluye Bibliografía

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Presentado anteriormente en el Seminario sobre Estrategia Regional en la Argentina, marzo 1971

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

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A autora analisa as interpretações construídas por parte da imprensa brasileira sobre os Estados Unidos e a Argentina nos últimos anos de vigência do regime monárquico, focando particularmente os jornais A Província de São Paulo, que representava a elite política, econômica e cultural associada à campanha republicana, e o Jornal do Commercio, periódico monárquico-conservador, sediado no Rio de Janeiro, a capital imperial, que gozava de grande prestígio. A autora optou por analisar esses países porque, no conjunto de países americanos, ambos tiveram especial destaque nos periódicos analisados. Ela observa que a cobertura dos Estados Unidos se justificava por ser aquele país um parceiro comercial importante do Brasil, que representava consistente mercado consumidor para seu principal produto, o café, e, ainda, em consequência da admiração que vários setores da sociedade brasileira expressavam por seu crescimento acelerado. A Argentina era acompanhada de perto porque interessava enormemente ao Brasil entender os fatos que se desencadeavam no território vizinho, em especial no âmbito político e militar. A imprensa do período, porém, também enfatizou o crescimento econômico argentino. A imprensa refletiu as posições de grupos políticos distintos a respeito dos Estados Unidos e da Argentina, muitas vezes antagônicas. E acabaria por divulgar o debate de suas propostas sobre o lugar que o Brasil deveria ocupar na América e sobre a forma ideal de governo para o país

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210Pb, 137Cs and 14C dated sediments of two late Holocene landslide lakes in the Provincial Park Lagunas de Yala (Laguna Rodeo, Laguna Comedero, 24°06′S, 65°30′W, 2100 m asl, northwestern Argentina) reveal a high-resolution multi-proxy data set of climate change and human impact for the past ca. 2000 years. Comparison of the lake sediment data set for the 20th century (sediment mass accumulation rates MARs, pollen spectra, nutrient and charcoal fluxes) with independent dendroecological data from the catchment (fire scars, tree growth) and long regional precipitation series (from 1934 onwards) show that (1) the lake sediment data set is internally highly consistent and compares well with independent data sets, (2) the chronology of the sediment is reliable, (3) large fires (1940s, 1983/1984–1989) as documented in the local fire scar frequency are recorded in the charcoal flux to the lake sediments and coincide with low wet-season precipitation rates (e.g., 1940s, 1983/1984) and/or high interannual precipitation variability (late 1940s), and (4) the regional increase in precipitation after 1970 is recorded in an increase in the MARs (L. Rodeo from 100 to 390 mg cm−2 yr−1) and in an increase in fern spores reflecting wet vegetation. The most significant change in MARs and nutrient fluxes (Corg and P) of the past 2000 years is observed with the transition from the Inca Empire to the Spanish Conquest around 1600 AD. Compared with the pre-17th century conditions, MARs increased by a factor of ca. 5 to >8 (to 800 +130, −280 mg cm−2 yr−1), PO4 fluxes increased by a factor of 7, and Corg fluxes by a factor of 10.5 for the time between 1640 and 1930 AD. 17th to 19th century MARs and nutrient fluxes also exceed 20th century values. Excess Pb deposition as indicated by a significant increase in Pb/Zr and Pb/Rb ratios in the sediments after the 1950s coincides with a rapid expansion of the regional mining industry. Excess Pb is interpreted as atmospheric deposition and direct human impact due to Pb smelting.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of national family planning policy in the United States, which was embedded in four separate statutes during the period of study, Fiscal Years 1976-81. The design of the study utilized a modification of the Sabatier and Mazmanian framework for policy analysis, which defined implementation as the carrying out of statutory policy. The study was divided into two phases. The first part of the study compared the implementation of family planning policy by each of the pertinent statutes. The second part of the study identified factors that were associated with implementation of federal family planning policy within the context of block grants.^ Implemention was measured here by federal dollars spent for family planning, adjusted for the size of the respective state target populations. Expenditure data were collected from the Alan Guttmacher Institute and from each of the federal agencies having administrative authority for the four pertinent statutes, respectively. Data from the former were used for most of the analysis because they were more complete and more reliable.^ The first phase of the study tested the hypothesis that the coherence of a statute is directly related to effective implementation. Equity in the distribution of funds to the states was used to operationalize effective implementation. To a large extent, the results of the analysis supported the hypothesis. In addition to their theoretical significance, these findings were also significant for policymakers insofar they demonstrated the effectiveness of categorical legislation in implementing desired health policy.^ Given the current and historically intermittent emphasis on more state and less federal decision-making in health and human serives, the second phase of the study focused on state level factors that were associated with expenditures of social service block grant funds for family planning. Using the Sabatier-Mazmanian implementation model as a framework, many factors were tested. Those factors showing the strongest conceptual and statistical relationship to the dependent variable were used to construct a statistical model. Using multivariable regression analysis, this model was applied cross-sectionally to each of the years of the study. The most striking finding here was that the dominant determinants of the state spending varied for each year of the study (Fiscal Years 1976-1981). The significance of these results was that they provided empirical support of current implementation theory, showing that the dominant determinants of implementation vary greatly over time. ^

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Norbert Elias señalaba que calificar a las investigaciones según su grado de compromiso o distanciamiento de los objetos de estudio, es parte de los valores en tanto juicios prácticos que los intelectuales empleamos en el desarrollo de nuestra actividad. La profusa invocación al compromiso en la antropología latinoamerican, habla de lo que quienes lo invocan desean hacer con sus antropologías, y también de cómo este ideal nos ha modelado a los antropólogos. En este artículo muestro las formas y razones antropológicas y específicamente argentinas por las cuales la “antropología social” y el “compromiso” se constituyeron recíprocamente en el sentido común de nuestra subdisciplina en la Argentina. un doble posicionamiento -político-universitario y epistemológico- de un sector de los antropólogos argentinos que caracterizaré como profético.