Traducción y transferencia cultural en la reforma educativa radical en Colombia : descripción y análisis de La Escuela Normal (1871-1879)

Cette thèse porte sur l’histoire de la traduction en Colombie dans le XIXe siècle. Elle étudiera le rapport entre la traduction et l’éducation pendant la réforme éducative menée par le groupe politique connu sous le nom de los radicales liberales. Pour ce faire, elle décrit et analyse les traductions parues dans le périodique officiel de la réforme, La Escuela Normal (1871-1879), dont la mission consistait en la diffusion des informations administratives et légales concernant la réforme éducative. On y trouve aussi des articles sur l’éducation et des leçons destinés à la formation des enseignants (manuels scolaires). À partir d’une démarche méthodologique et théorique descriptive et socioculturelle qui combine l’analyse des traductions et le contexte de réception de celles-ci, on analyse comment et pourquoi le contexte politique, social et éducatif de l’époque s’est répercuté sur la sélection des thématiques et des auteurs à traduire dans ce périodique. De plus, le groupe de traducteurs et d’intellectuels ainsi que la façon de traduire de ceux-ci sont étudiés. Cette recherche permet d’observer que la traduction n’est pas une activité neutre, mais une activité au centre de dynamiques sociales et culturelles. De plus, les contacts culturels permettent des transferts divers, notamment des traductions, mais aussi des représentations et des modèles sociaux. Finalement, la traduction s’avère un instrument au service des intérêts particuliers d’un groupe politique et social.

Le développement des biotechnologies cubaines de la Révolution de 1959 jusqu'au milieu des années 2000

Depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix Cuba développe et commercialise des vaccins et méthodes en biotechnologies médicales dont certains sont des premières mondiales. L'île est alors encore considérée comme un pays en voie de développement et est la cible d’un embargo imposé par les États-Unis depuis plus de trente ans. Or les biotechnologies sont une science aussi coûteuse en matériel qu'en ressources humaines très spécialisées et elles sont de ce fait réservées aux pays de la sphère scientifique centrale. Ces réussites suggèrent la mise en place d'un potentiel scientifique et technique réel autant qu'elles peuvent constituer un artéfact dans un secteur moins développé ou moins pérenne qu'il n'y paraît. Quel est le vrai visage des biotechnologies cubaines au milieu des années deux-mille ? C'est à cette question que tente de répondre cette étude. Elle consiste dans un premier temps à retracer les paramètres du développement des institutions de recherche en biotechnologies dans un contexte qui connaît peu de répit depuis l'avènement de la Révolution : indicateurs socio-économiques bas, embargo, planification socialiste, isolement géopolitique, crises économiques mondiales, dissolution du bloc soviétique... Elle se poursuit avec une analyse bibliométrique permettant de donner un visage quantitatif des réalisations cubaines dans le domaine : au-delà des réalisations mises de l'avant, dans quelles revues et dans quels domaines les chercheurs cubains en biotechnologie publient-ils ? Avec quels pays collaborent-ils et par quels pays sont-ils cités ? Quelle est leur place dans le monde ? Nous exploiterons l'ensemble de ces indicateurs et de ces éléments historiques pour conclure, au tournant des années deux-mille, à l'existence d'un potentiel scientifique et technique développé mais d'une science aux ressources maigres constamment tenue de rapporter un certain capital économique aussi bien que politique. En cohérence avec la dialectique socialiste propre à l'île, les sciences cubaines, depuis 1959, ne constituent jamais une fin en soi mais restent un moyen politique et social. En 2006 elles le sont encore. Malgré leurs réalisations elles touchent aux limites de la planification et réclament leur indépendance face au politique afin d'exploiter pleinement leur potentiel, bien réel.

La presse satirique illustrée française et la colonisation (1829-1990)

- Thèse réalisée en cotutelle entre les Université de Montréal et Paris Ouest Nanterre la Défense. -Thèse construite à partir de logiciels libres et gratuits : Ubuntu, Lyx, LibreOffice, Zotero, The Gimp.

Studies on the Dielectric Properties of Poly (o-toluidine) and Poly(o-toluidine-aniline) Copolymer

Poly(o-toluidine) (PoT) and poly(o-toluidine co aniline) were prepared by using ammonium persulfate initiator, in the presence of 1M HCI. It was dried under different conditions: room temperature drying (48 h), oven drying (at 50°C for 12 h), or vacuum drying (under vacuum, at room temperature for 16 h). The dielectric properties, such as dielectric loss, conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric heating coefficient, loss tangent, etc., were studied at microwave frequencies. A cavity perturbation technique was used for the study. The dielectric properties were found to be related to the frequency and drying conditions. Also, the copolymer showed better properties compared to PoT alone.

Planar UWB Antenna with Modified Slotted Ground Plane

A compact coplanar waveguide-fed (CPW) monopole antenna for ultra-wideband wireless communication is presented. The proposed antenna comprises of a CPW-fed beveled rectangular patch with a modified slotted ground. The overall size of the antenna is 30 mm 27 mm 1.6 mm. The lower edge of the band is attained by properly decoupling the resonant frequencies due to the extended ground plane and the beveled rectangular patch of the antenna. The upper edge of the radiating band is enhanced by beveling the ground plane corners near the feed point. Experimental results show that the designed antenna operates in the 2.7–12 GHz band, for S11 10 dB with a gain of 2.7–5 dBi. Both the frequency domain and time domain characteristics of the antenna are investigated using antenna transfer function. It is observed that the antenna exhibits identical radiation patterns and reasonable transient characteristics over the entire operating band

Effect of Carbon Black on the Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Rubber Ferrite Composites Containing Barium Ferrite

Fine particles of barium ferrite (BaFe12O19) were synthesized by the conventional ceramic technique. These materials were then characterized by the X-ray diffraction method and incorporated in the natural rubber matrix according to a specific receipe for various loadings of ferrite. The rubber ferrite composites (RFC) thus obtained have several applications, and have the advantage of molding into complex shapes. For applications such as microwave absorbers, these composites should have an appropriate dielectric strength with the required mechanical and magnetic properties. The N330 (HAF) carbon black has been added to these RFCs for various loadings to modify the dielectric and mechanical properties. In this article we report the effect of carbon black on the mechanical and dielectric properties of these RFCs. Both the mechanical and dielectric properties can be enhanced by the addition of an appropriate amount of carbon black

Dielectric and Conductivity Studies on Cobalt Phthalocyanine Tetramers

Electrically conductive organic and metalloorganic polymers are of great interest and they have applications in electronic, optical, photonic, photoelectric, electrochemical, and dielectric devices. Tetrameric cobalt phthalocyanine was prepared by conventional chemical method. The dielectric permittivity of the tetrameric cobalt phthalocyanine sample was evaluated from the observed capacitance values in the frequency range 100 KHz to 5 MHz and in the temperature range of 300 to 383°K. It is found that the system obeys the Maxwell Wagner relaxation of space charge phenomenon. Further, from the permittivity studies AC conductivity was evaluated. The values of AC conductivity and DC conductivity were compared. Activation energy was calculated. To understand the conduction mechanism Mott’s variable range hopping model was applied to the system. The T 1/4 behavior of the DC conductivity along with the values of Mott’s Temperature (T0), density of states at the Fermi energy N (EF), and range of hopping R and hopping energy W indicate that the transport of charge carriers are by three-dimensional variable range hopping

High Styrene–Rubber Ionomers, an Alternative to Thermoplastic Elastomers

High styrene rubber ionomers were prepared by sulfonating styrene–butadiene rubber of high styrene content (high styrene rubber) in 1,2-dichloroethane using acetyl sulfate reagent, followed by neutralization of the precursor acids using methanolic zinc acetate. The ionomers were characterized using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and also by the evaluation of mechanical properties. The FTIR studies of the ionomer reveal that the sulfonate groups are attached to the benzene ring. The NMR spectra give credence to this observation. Results of DMA show an ionic transition (Ti) in addition to glass–rubber transition (Tg). Incorporation of ionic groups results in improved mechanical properties as well as retention of properties after three cycles of processing

Modification of Unsaturated Polyester Resin by Polyurethane Prepolymers

Unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) are extensively used by the fiber-reinforced plastic (FRPs) industry. These resins have the disadvantages of brittleness and poor resistance to crack propagation. In this study, UPRs were chemically modified by reactive blending with polyurethane prepolymers having terminal isocyanate groups. Hybrid networks were formed by copolymerisation of unsaturated polyesters with styrene and simultaneous reaction between terminal hydroxyl groups of unsaturated polyester and isocyanate groups of polyurethane prepolymer. The prepolymers were based on toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and each of hydroxy-terminated natural rubber (HTNR), hydroxy- terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and castor oil. Properties like tensile strength, toughness, impact resistance, and elongation-at-break of the modified UPRs show considerable improvement by this modification. The thermal stability of the copolymer is also marginally better

Block Copolymers of Unsaturated Polyesters and Functional Elastomers

Block copolymers of unsaturated polyester were prepared by condensation polymerization of hydroxyl or carboxyl terminated liquid rubbers with maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and propylene glycol. The condensate obtained was mixed with styrene monomer to get an unsaturated polyester resin formulation. In this study, copolymers of unsaturated polyesters with hydroxy terminated polybutadiene, carboxy terminated nitrile rubber, and hydroxy terminated natural rubber were prepared. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation at break, toughness, impact strength, surface hardness, abrasion resistance, and water absorption were evaluated after the resin was cured in appropriate molds for comparison with the control resin. The fracture toughness and impact resistance of CTBN-modified unsaturated polyester show substantial improvement by this copolymerization without seriously affecting any other property

Epoxidized Phenolic Novolac: A Novel Modifier for Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) are used widely in the fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs) industry. These resins have the disadvantages of brittleness and poor resistance to crack propagation. In this study, hybrid polymer networks (HPNs) based on UPR and epoxidized phenolic novolacs (EPNs) were prepared by reactive blending. A HPN is composed of a backbone polymer containing two types of reactive groups that can take part in crosslinking reactions via different mechanisms. EPNs were prepared by glycidylation of novolacs using epichlorohydrin. The novolacs had varying phenol: formaldehyde ratios. Blends of unsaturated polyester with EPN were then prepared. The physical properties of the cured blends were compared with those of the control resin. EPN shows good miscibility and compatibility with the resin and improves the toughness and impact resistance substantially. Considerable enhancement of tensile strength is also noticed at about 5% by weight of epoxidized novolac resin. TGA, DMA, and DSC were used to study the thermal properties of the toughened resin and the fracture behavior was studied using SEM. The blends are also found to have better thermal stability. Blending with EPN can be a useful and cost-effective technique for modification of UPR

Deu números: la consolidació d'Engega

Editorial del número 10 de la revista Engega

Les Publicacions periòdiques dels museus gironins

Estudi de les publicacions periòdiques produïdes pels museus gironins en la dècada 1988-1990. se centra en 5 museus i identifica 3 tipus de publicacions: informatives, d’estudi del mateix àmbit, i de temàtica museològica i museogràfica i d’àmbit català

Verdaguer i els modernistes gironins

Estudi del modernisme literari a Girona i del paper de Verdaguer en aquest context, i també de publicacions relacionades, sobretot L’Enderroch i Vida

L'ús i la defensa de la llengua catalana a Presència (1965-1971)

Valoració de les aportacions en llengua catalana i en llengua castellana dintre dels continguts de la revista gironina Presència. Així mateix es comenten les dificultats que va tenir la revista per a editar-se des dels seus inicis, el 1965, i al llarg de la seva existència fins el 1971