Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photons cross section in pp collisions at s √ =7 TeV with the ATLAS detector using 4.6 fb −1

A measurement of the cross section for the production of isolated prompt photons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy s √ =7  TeV is presented. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 4.6  fb −1 collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The cross section is measured as a function of photon pseudorapidity η γ and transverse energy E γ T in the kinematic range 100≤E γ T <1000  GeV and in the regions |η γ |<1.37 and 1.52≤|η γ |<2.37 . The results are compared to leading-order parton-shower Monte Carlo models and next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations agree well with the measured cross sections as a function of E γ T and η γ .

Measurement of the mass difference between top and anti-top quarks in pp collisions at View the MathML √s=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the mass difference between top and anti-top quarks is presented. In a 4.7 fb−14.7 fb−1 data sample of proton–proton collisions at View the MathML sources=7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, events consistent with View the MathML sourcett¯ production and decay into a single charged lepton final state are reconstructed. For each event, the mass difference between the top and anti-top quark candidate is calculated. A two b -tag requirement is used in order to reduce the background contribution. A maximum likelihood fit to these per-event mass differences yields View the MathML sourceΔm≡mt−mt¯=0.67±0.61(stat)±0.41(syst) GeV, consistent with CPT invariance.

Study of heavy-flavor quarks produced in association with top-quark pairs at s √ =7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Using a sample of dilepton top-quark pair (tt ¯ ) candidate events, a study is performed of the production of top-quark pairs together with heavy-flavor (HF) quarks, the sum of tt ¯ +b+X and tt ¯ +c+X , collectively referred to as tt ¯  + HF . The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7  fb −1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The presence of additional HF (b or c ) quarks in the tt ¯ sample is inferred by looking for events with at least three b -tagged jets, where two are attributed to the b quarks from the tt ¯ decays and the third to additional HF production. The dominant background to tt ¯  + HF in this sample is tt ¯ +jet events in which a light-flavor jet is misidentified as a heavy-flavor jet. To determine the heavy- and light-flavor content of the additional b -tagged jets, a fit to the vertex mass distribution of b -tagged jets in the sample is performed. The result of the fit shows that 79 ± 14 (stat) ± 22 (syst) of the 105 selected extra b -tagged jets originate from HF quarks, 3 standard deviations away from the hypothesis of zero tt ¯  + HF production. The result for extra HF production is quoted as a ratio (R HF ) of the cross section for tt ¯  + HF production to the cross section for tt ¯ production with at least one additional jet. Both cross sections are measured in a fiducial kinematic region within the ATLAS acceptance. R HF is measured to be [6.2±1.1(stat)±1.8(syst)]% for jets with p T >25  GeV and |η|<2.5 , in agreement with the expectations from Monte Carlo generators.

Measurement of the Inclusive Electron Neutrino Charged Current Cross Section on Carbon with the T2K Near Detector

The T2K off-axis near detector ND280 is used to make the first differential cross-section measurements of electron neutrino charged current interactions at energies ∼1  GeV as a function of electron momentum, electron scattering angle, and four-momentum transfer of the interaction. The total flux-averaged νe charged current cross section on carbon is measured to be ⟨σ⟩ϕ=1.11±0.10(stat)±0.18(syst)×10−38  cm2/nucleon. The differential and total cross-section measurements agree with the predictions of two leading neutrino interaction generators, NEUT and GENIE. The NEUT prediction is 1.23×10−38  cm2/nucleon and the GENIE prediction is 1.08×10−38  cm2/nucleon. The total νe charged current cross-section result is also in agreement with data from the Gargamelle experiment.

Detection of back-to-back proton pairs in charged-current neutrino interactions with the ArgoNeuT detector in the NuMI low energy beam line

Short range nucleon-nucleon correlations in nuclei (NN SRC) carry important information on nuclear structure and dynamics. NN SRC have been extensively probed through two-nucleon knock- out reactions in both pion and electron scattering experiments. We report here on the detection of two-nucleon knock-out events from neutrino interactions and discuss their topological features as possibly involving NN SRC content in the target argon nuclei. The ArgoNeuT detector in the Main Injector neutrino beam at Fermilab has recorded a sample of 30 fully reconstructed charged current events where the leading muon is accompanied by a pair of protons at the interaction vertex, 19 of which have both protons above the Fermi momentum of the Ar nucleus. Out of these 19 events, four are found with the two protons in a strictly back-to-back high momenta configuration directly observed in the final state and can be associated to nucleon Resonance pionless mechanisms involving a pre-existing short range correlated np pair in the nucleus. Another fraction (four events) of the remaining 15 events have a reconstructed back-to-back configuration of a np pair in the initial state, a signature compatible with one-body Quasi Elastic interaction on a neutron in a SRC pair. The detection of these two subsamples of the collected (mu- + 2p) events suggests that mechanisms directly involving nucleon-nucleon SRC pairs in the nucleus are active and can be efficiently explored in neutrino-argon interactions with the LAr TPC technology.

Measurement of the intrinsic electron neutrino component in the T2K neutrino beam with the ND280 detector

The T2K experiment has reported the first observation of the appearance of electron neutrinos in a muon neutrino beam. The main and irreducible background to the appearance signal comes from the presence in the neutrino beam of a small intrinsic component of electron neutrinos originating from muon and kaon decays. In T2K, this component is expected to represent 1.2% of the total neutrino flux. A measurement of this component using the near detector (ND280), located 280 m from the target, is presented. The charged current interactions of electron neutrinos are selected by combining the particle identification capabilities of both the time projection chambers and electromagnetic calorimeters of ND280. The measured ratio between the observed electron neutrino beam component and the prediction is 1.01±0.10 providing a direct confirmation of the neutrino fluxes and neutrino cross section modeling used for T2K neutrino oscillation analyses. Electron neutrinos coming from muons and kaons decay are also separately measured, resulting in a ratio with respect to the prediction of 0.68±0.30 and 1.10±0.14 , respectively.

NA61/SHINE facility at the CERN SPS: beams and detector system

NA61/SHINE (SPS Heavy Ion and Neutrino Experiment) is a multi-purpose experimental facility to study hadron production in hadron-proton, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. It recorded the first physics data with hadron beams in 2009 and with ion beams (secondary 7Be beams) in 2011. NA61/SHINE has greatly profited from the long development of the CERN proton and ion sources and the accelerator chain as well as the H2 beamline of the CERN North Area. The latter has recently been modified to also serve as a fragment separator as needed to produce the Be beams for NA61/SHINE. Numerous components of the NA61/SHINE set-up were inherited from its predecessors, in particular, the last one, the NA49 experiment. Important new detectors and upgrades of the legacy equipment were introduced by the NA61/SHINE Collaboration. This paper describes the state of the NA61/SHINE facility — the beams and the detector system — before the CERN Long Shutdown I, which started in March 2013.

Design, Calibration, and Evaluation of Depth-of-Interaction-Capable PET Detector Modules

High-resolution, small-bore PET systems suffer from a tradeoff between system sensitivity, and image quality degradation. In these systems long crystals allow mispositioning of the line of response due to parallax error and this mispositioning causes resolution blurring, but long crystals are necessary for high system sensitivity. One means to allow long crystals without introducing parallax errors is to determine the depth of interaction (DOI) of the gamma ray interaction within the detector module. While DOI has been investigated previously, newly available solid state photomultipliers (SSPMs) well-suited to PET applications and allow new modules for investigation. Depth of interaction in full modules is a relatively new field, and so even if high performance DOI capable modules were available, the appropriate means to characterize and calibrate the modules are not. This work presents an investigation of DOI capable arrays and techniques for characterizing and calibrating those modules. The methods introduced here accurately and reliably characterize and calibrate energy, timing, and event interaction positioning. Additionally presented is a characterization of the spatial resolution of DOI capable modules and a measurement of DOI effects for different angles between detector modules. These arrays have been built into a prototype PET system that delivers better than 2.0 mm resolution with a single-sided-stopping-power in excess of 95% for 511 keV g's. The noise properties of SSPMs scale with the active area of the detector face, and so the best signal-to-noise ratio is possible with parallel readout of each SSPM photodetector pixel rather than multiplexing signals together. This work additionally investigates several algorithms for improving timing performance using timing information from multiple SSPM pixels when light is distributed among several photodetectors.

Plan de negocios productora de eventos

El propósito del presente trabajo es elaborar un plan de negocio para una Productora prestadora de servicios profesionales, con el objeto de que el mismo sirva no solo como herramienta para la búsqueda de financiamiento, sino como guía para la introducción y desarrollo en el mercado laboral y empresarial de personas que se desenvuelven en el área de la prestación de un servicio profesional. El armado de un plan de negocios como diseño arquitectónico sirve de guía, es una herramienta para competir y ayuda al crecimiento de una Productora de Eventos; además de ser un medio de consulta para decisiones. La planificación, la aplicación de técnicas operativas y sistemas estructurales en las empresas de servicios, y el plan de negocio como una de esas herramientas es fundamental, ya que minimiza riesgos, permite proyectar a largo plazo y brinda información útil para decidir.

Plan de negocios para una empresa de organización de eventos

Esta investigación busca comprobar, luego de analizar el mercado, clientes, demanda, etc., la factibilidad de desarrollar en la provincia de Mendoza una empresa dedicada a la organización de eventos.

Eventos masivos de educación física en La Plata 2012/2013

Los proyectos deberían tener siempre una justificación y ciertos objetivos para poder entender el por qué del mismo, es por ello que mostraré un proyecto que se viene desarrollando en la ciudad de La Plata desde el 2012 donde participan todos los alumnos de nivel inicial, escuela primaria, escuela secundaria y escuelas especiales, tanto de estamentos estatales como privados

Análisis de la evolución de los factores naturales y antrópicos de los eventos hídricos -inundaciones y sequías- desde una teoría social del riesgo

Se presentan aquí los resultados alcanzados hasta ahora en un proyecto de investigación que se lleva adelante en el Centro de Investigaciones Geográficas de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la UNLP, Argentina. El problema de la emergencia hídrica (por inundaciones o por sequías) se ha considerado a menudo, de manera fragmentaria, dando un tratamiento desigual a cada una de las dimensiones componentes del riesgo. Se intenta identificar indicadores de peligrosidad, exposición, vulnerabilidad e incertidumbre que permitan evaluar el riesgo hídrico a la vez que explorar procedimientos de detección no convencionales dado la falta de información actualizada y confiable sobre esta problemática. Asimismo, la evaluación de la incidencia de los instrumentos normativos en materia de uso y ocupación del suelo (regulación y control) respecto de las modificaciones operadas en las dinámicas naturales del agua y de los recursos hídricos superficiales es fundamental, en la medida que las limitaciones en el estado del conocimiento y las indeterminaciones jurisdiccionales y administrativas, así como normativa. (Incertidumbre técnico-científica e Incertidumbre político-administrativa) inciden negativamente en la capacidad de la sociedad implicada para resolver conflictos ambientales y territoriales

La teoría social del riesgo. Una primera aproximación a la vulnerabilidad social de los productores agropecuarios del Sudoeste bonaerense ante eventos climáticos adversos

Esta comunicación constituye una primera aproximación al estudio de la Teoría Social del Riesgo aplicada a los productores agropecuarios que vienen sufriendo fenómenos meteorológicos adversos desde hace más de cinco años. Creemos que desde la teoría social del riesgo puede conocerse y profundizarse una perspectiva más integral en la concepción de la vulnerabilidad social de los productores agropecuarios de esta zona. Además, consideramos que el conocimiento de determinados factores de riesgo y el proceso de toma de decisiones resultan de una trama compleja que involucra factores objetivos como factores subjetivos acumulados y construidos históricamente que pueden llevar a fortalecer nuevas experiencias organizacionales.

Políticas de seguridad en el Brasil de los mega-eventos

El objetivo del artículo es ofrecer un breve panorama sobre la seguridad pública de Brasil en vísperas de los mega-eventos, analizando puntualmente los desafíos que atraviesan las Unidades de Policía Pacificadora (UPPs) en Rio de Janeiro. El documento argumenta que las UPPs enfrentan su peor crisis al momento de la Copa del Mundo, evento con exigencias de seguridad que amenazan el desarrollo de un programa que ha evidenciado logros y permanece, en cierto sentido, indefinido e inconcluso. El trabajo se basa en la revisión de literatura académica, el análisis de datos secundarios y materiales de prensa. En él se detallan aspectos de coyuntura, se describe el sector de la seguridad considerando aspectos institucionales y de política pública, se analiza la situación de las UPPs en Rio de Janeiro, y se ofrecen algunas reflexiones a modo de conclusión

La teoría social del riesgo. Una primera aproximación a la vulnerabilidad social de los productores agropecuarios del Sudoeste bonaerense ante eventos climáticos adversos

Esta comunicación constituye una primera aproximación al estudio de la Teoría Social del Riesgo aplicada a los productores agropecuarios que vienen sufriendo fenómenos meteorológicos adversos desde hace más de cinco años. Creemos que desde la teoría social del riesgo puede conocerse y profundizarse una perspectiva más integral en la concepción de la vulnerabilidad social de los productores agropecuarios de esta zona. Además, consideramos que el conocimiento de determinados factores de riesgo y el proceso de toma de decisiones resultan de una trama compleja que involucra factores objetivos como factores subjetivos acumulados y construidos históricamente que pueden llevar a fortalecer nuevas experiencias organizacionales.