Medium effects in the pion-pole mechanism [gamma gamma ->pi(0)->nu(R)(nu)over-bar(L)(nu(L)(nu)over-bar(R))] of neutron star cooling

Nuclear medium effects in the neutrino cooling of neutron stars through the reaction channel γγ→π0 →ν Rν̄L(νLν̄R) are incorporated. Throughout the paper we discuss different possibilities of right-handed neutrinos, massive left-handed neutrinos, and standard massless left-handed neutrinos (reaction is then allowed only with medium modified vertices). It is demonstrated that multiparticle effects suppress the rate of this reaction channel in the dense hadron matter by 6-7 orders of magnitude that does not allow to decrease existing experimental upper limit on the corresponding π0νν̄ coupling. Other possibilities of the manifestation of the given reaction channel in different physical situations, e.g., in the quark color superconducting cores of the most massive neutron stars, are also discussed. We demonstrate that in the color-flavor-locked superconducting phase for temperatures T≲ 0.1-10 MeV (depending on the effective pion mass and the decay width) the process is feasibly the most efficient neutrino cooling process, although the absolute value of the reaction rate is rather small.

New product development in brazilian technology-based small and medium enterprises

This article examines new product development (NPD) in small and medium-sized Brazilian enterprises (SMEs) in two technology-based industries: medical devices and process control automation devices. A conceptual model that categorizes factors that contribute to the success of a new product was established. The data were collected from a sample of 62 Brazilian SMEs. The conceptual model was tested to examine the relationships between NPD practices and new product success. Data analysis reveals that new product success in medical device companies is related to organizational characteristics such as NPD proficiency and marketing skills; while in process control automation device companies, they deal in a large degree with product differentiation, innovation and capability to analyze the targeted market. Due to the relatively small sample size, caution should be exercised when interpreting the results.

Characterization of medium density particleborads using agricultural residues

In recent years the production of products derived from wood and bamboo are increasing, due to the search for a more rational exploitation of these raw materials. Amongst these products, the particleboards production combine sustainability and rationality in the use of these materials. In this context, this work has the objective to study the application of alternative raw materials in the manufacture of Medium Density Particleboards (MDP), using residues from industrial processimg of coffee and bamboo. MDP had been produced with particles of giganteus bamboo of the Dendrocalamus species and particle of coffee rind in the intermediate layer of the particleboard, bonded with polyurethane resin based on castor oil. The physical and mechanical characterization was carried out accordingly to NBR 14810-3 (2006). The physical properties evaluated were: of water absorption for 2h and 24h; thickness swallowing for 2h and 24h; density, humidity content. The mechanical properties evaluated were: Tensile strength, static bending (MOR and MOE). The results were compared with NBR 14810-2 (2006) and also with the ANSI A208-1 (1993). The physical performance of these particleboards was below the values recommend by the Brazilian norm. Also the mechanical characteristics are not improve, demonstrating that the inclusion of coffee rind did not benefit the physical characteristics and nor the mechanical ones. However it can be used as construction materials for partitions and ceiling panels.

Characterization of medium density particleboards using agricultural residues

In recent years the production of products derived from wood and bamboo are increasing, due to the search for a more rational exploitation of these raw materials. Amongst these products, the particleboards production combine sustainability and rationality in the use of these materials. In this context, this work has the objective to study the application of alternative raw materials in the manufacture of Medium Density Particleboards (MDP), using residues from industrial processimg of coffee and bamboo. MDP had been produced with particles of giganteus bamboo of the Dendrocalamus species and particle of coffee rind in the intermediate layer of the particleboard, bonded with polyurethane resin based on castor oil. The physical and mechanical characterization was carried out accordingly to NBR 14810-3 (2006). The physical properties evaluated were: of water absorption for 2h and 24h; thickness swallowing for 2h and 24h; density, humidity content. The mechanical properties evaluated were: Tensile strength, static bending (MOR and MOE). The results were compared with NBR 14810-2 (2006) and also with the ANSI A208-1 (1993). The physical performance of these particleboards was below the values recommend by the Brazilian norm. Also the mechanical characteristics are not improve, demonstrating that the inclusion of coffee rind did not benefit the physical characteristics and nor the mechanical ones. However it can be used as construction materials for partitions and ceiling panels.