Short-term evaluation of non-absorbable microgranular hydroxyapatite infiltration in the guinea pig subepidermal abdominal region

Non-absorbable microgranular hydroxyapatite was infiltrated into the subepidermal abdominal region of guinea pigs in order to assess the possibility of using this material to correct deficiencies in orbital volume. Microgranular hydroxyapatite (2.0 ml) was subepidermally infiltrated into the abdominal region of 20 guinea pigs. The animals were divided into four experimental groups of 5 animals each, which were killed 7 (G1), 15 (G2), 30 (G3) and 60 (G4) days after infiltration. The area and the largest and smallest diameters of the nodules formed by infiltration were evaluated at the site of infiltration and histological examination was performed. The mean granuloma area was similar in all groups. Histopathological examination showed that the material remained isolated from surrounding tissues by a pseudocapsule that became denser throughout the experiment. A host reaction started with young fibroblastic tissue that evolved to dense tissue until cartilaginous tissue was formed in G4, progressively advancing towards the center of the granuloma from G1 to G4. Non-absorbable microgranular hydroxyapatite is an inert material that was well tolerated by the animals studied, with maintenance of the infiltrated volume, and may perhaps be useful to fill anophthalmic cavities.

Sagital abdominal diameter, but not waist circumference is strongly associated with glycemia, triacilglycerols and HDL-c levels in overweight adults

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Accuracy of sagittal abdominal diameter as predictor of abdominal fat among Brazilian adults: a comparation with waist circumference

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Intravesical oxybutynin protects the vesical wall against functional and smooth muscle changes in rabbits with detrusor overactivity

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Autologous transplantation of adult adipose derived stem cells into rabbit urethral wall

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos da energia da dieta sobre desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e gordura abdominal de frangos de corte

Um experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do nível de energia da dieta sobre desempenho, rendimento de carcaça e porcentagem de gordura abdominal de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 2400 pintos de um dia da linhagem Ross 308, criados em boxes até 42 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 6 x 2 (energia x sexo). Os tratamentos consistiram de combinações de seis níveis de energia (2.900, 2.960, 3.020, 3.080, 3.140 e 3.200 kcal EM/kg) e dos sexos, com quatro repetições de 50 aves cada. No período de 1 a 42 dias de idade, houve redução no consumo de ração e melhora na conversão alimentar à medida que se aumentou o nível de energia da ração. Os machos apresentaram melhores resultados de desempenho que as fêmeas, exceto para mortalidade. À medida que se acrescentou energia na dieta, houve efeito linear na porcentagem de gordura abdominal e no rendimento de asas, mas não houve efeito sobre o rendimento de carcaça e das demais partes. Os machos apresentaram maiores porcentagens de pernas e de carne de pernas e menores de carne de peito e de gordura abdominal que as fêmeas.

Periapical radiographs overestimate root canal wall thickness during post space preparation

Aim To evaluate differences between anatomic and radiographic measurements of root canal wall thickness (RCWT) after each root canal preparation stage during post placement.Methodology Twenty mandibular premolars with a single canal were decoronated and the roots embedded in resin using a teflon muffle. Roots were sectioned horizontally at a pre-established level and canals were prepared for post placement. Endodontic hand files were used for root canal preparation, followed by Gates Glidden drills and Peeso reamers. Standardized radiographs and photographs at pre-established measurement levels were taken before preparation, after root canal instrumentation, after Gates Glidden preparation and after Peeso enlargement. All images were digitized and RCWT at the mesial and distal walls measured (IMAGETOOL 3.0). Differences between radiographic and anatomic measurements were analysed with paired t-tests. ANOVA was used to compare the percentages of radiographic distortions.Results Regardless of the time-point evaluated, RCWT determined by radiographs were greater than the respective anatomic measurements (P < 0.05). The difference detected at each stage was similar and constant (P > 0.05).Conclusions Throughout preparation for post placement, radiographic images overestimated the RCWT by approximately 25%, regardless of the clinical stage evaluated.

Contribution to the study of aortic mural structure of opossum (Didelphis albiventris)

Opossum is considered one of the most primitive mammals, with transition evolutive characteristics. In mammals, the aorta artery is referred as the main body blood vessel. The arteries wall structural organization follows a basic pattern, being contituted of three tunics: Intima, Median and Adventicial. After euthanasia, three samples of opossum had segments from the aorta artery ascendent, thoracic descending and abdominal descending portions removed, fixed in phormalin at 10% for 48 hours. Then, the material was washed in alcohol 70% several times, dehydrated in alcohois of growing concentrations, diafanized in xylol and included in "paraplast". Cuts with 5 to 7 mu m of thickness were placed in histological laminae and submitted to color methods of Hematoxilin-Eosin, Masson, Mallory and Calleja Tricromics. It was observed that in the different portions ascendent, thoracic and abdominal descending of aorta, the intima tunic presents much thick, made up of a layer of smooth muscular cells and elastic fibers, forming a limiting internal elastic membrane. In the three portions studied, the median tunic was the most evident layer, constituted of colagen fibers, smooth muscular cells arranged in a circular manner and elastic fibers, showing a variation in the mural elements proportion. It was evidenced the presence of a external elastic lamina, marking the transition between the median and adventicial tunic, formed by elastic fibers condensation. The aortic adventicial tunic showed to be little organized, having in its structure predominantely colagen fibers beans with some isolated smooth muscular fibers or in small fascicules among a few elastic fibers.

Histologia e ultra-estrutura do vaso dorsal de Scaptotrigona postica (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em operárias e rainhas de diferentes idades

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The influence of an abdominal support for a dental stool in the distributions and electrical activity of the longissimus and the superior trapezius muscle in dentists

This study evaluated the influence an abdominal support attached to a traditional stool, of those used by dentists, has on the body's distribution of the electrical activity of the superior trapezius and the longissimus thoracic muscles of dental students during the execution of a clinical procedure. The results showed no significant difference in the body's distribution in the seat and backrest, but did reveal there was a weight discharge of 3.1 +/- 1.9% of dentist's body weight in the abdominal support. The 9 o'clock position proved to be the best position to perform clinical procedures. It was also observed that the position was closer to the body's axis.

Proposta de pontos de corte para indicação da obesidade abdominal entre adolescentes

FUNDAMENTO: A ausência de valores críticos para a identificação de risco cardiovascular entre adolescentes brasileiros representa uma importante limitação. OBJETIVOS: Elaborar valores críticos para circunferência de cintura e analisar sua eficiência na indicação de valores elevados de pressão arterial. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal que avaliou 1.145 adolescentes de 11 a 17 anos (536 do sexo masculino e 609 do feminino), dos quais foram coletados valores de peso corporal, estatura, resistência, reatância, dobra cutânea tricepital, circunferência de cintura e pressão arterial (n= 334). A obesidade abdominal foi indicada por meio de valores de circunferência de cintura. RESULTADOS: Os adolescentes obesos apresentaram valores mais altos de circunferência de cintura e, independentemente de gênero e grupo etário, houve relação significativa entre os valores de circunferência de cintura e todos os indicadores de adiposidade adotados no estudo. Os valores críticos propostos apresentaram maior sensibilidade na indicação de valores elevados de pressão arterial. CONCLUSÕES: Os valores críticos propostos para circunferência de cintura foram mais sensíveis na indicação de valores elevados de pressão arterial. Entretanto, ainda são necessários estudos para averiguar a eficiência dos mesmos na indicação de outros parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais.