893 resultados para 906


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Obwohl eine Vielzahl von Institutionen zur Verfügung steht, an die Kinder und Jugendliche sich bei Schwierigkeiten und Problemen wenden können, bestehen häufig Informationsdefizite und Schwellenängste, die dazu beitragen, daß viele Betroffene keine hinreichende Unterstützung erhalten. In der vorliegenden Studie, an der 1225 Kinder und Jugendliche im Alter von 10 bis 18 Jahren teilnahmen, erfolgt eine Bestandsaufnahme der gegenwärtig bestehenden Defizite und Hemmnisse, indem der Kenntnisstand zu institutionellen Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten und die möglichen Gründe, Unterstützungsangebote anzunehmen bzw. nicht anzunehmen, erfragt wurden. Auf der Basis der Ergebnisse der Bestandsaufnahme wird ein Interventionskonzept entwickelt, das dem Abbau von Informationsdefiziten und Schwellenängsten dient und damit die Akzeptanz bestehender Beratungsangebote erhöhen soll. (DIPF/Orig.)

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Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations ofelement tests cam provide significant insight into the micro-mechanics of soil response. It is well established that soil behaviour is strongly dependant on the initial density. Generation of particulate assemblies for three-dimensional DEM analyses must therefore allow for void ratio control. In this paper, different specimen generation approaches for DEM analyses are discussed. A methodology for the generation of assemblies of spherical particles with a specified initial density and stress state is presented. The effects of the different preparation methods on the specimen fabric are then considered in detail. For isotropic consolidation, it is shown that varying the coefficient of inter-particle friction allows control of the specimen void ratio at a specified confining stress. Simulations of anisotropic consolidation, from an initial isotropic stress state, to a final state where sigma(3) = K(0)sigma(1) indicated that the specimen void ratio and fabric are relatively insensitive to the intermediate stress path, provided an intermediate stress along the K(0) line was attained.

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El artículo pretende presentar un modelo de evaluación de programas sociales adaptado a las características de la intervención social y que resulte útil para producir conocimiento y que contribuya al progreso de la efectividad y calidad de las intervenciones sociales. El objetivo principal del artículo es ayudar a los profesionales de la intervención social a hacer evaluaciones útiles, por lo que su contenido se centra en la presentación de los fundamentos del Modelo y sus implicaciones en el proceso de evaluación

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We present a generalization of the complete intersection in products of projective space (CICY) construction of Calabi–Yau manifolds. CICY three-folds and four-folds have been studied extensively in the physics literature. Their utility stems from the fact that they can be simply described in terms of a ‘configuration matrix’, a matrix of integers from which many of the details of the geometries can be easily extracted. The generalization we present is to allow negative integers in the configuration matrices which were previously taken to have positive semi-definite entries. This broadening of the complete intersection construction leads to a larger class of Calabi–Yau manifolds than that considered in previous work, which nevertheless enjoys much of the same degree of calculational control. These new Calabi–Yau manifolds are complete intersections in (not necessarily Fano) ambient spaces with an effective anticanonical class. We find examples with topology distinct from any that has appeared in the literature to date. The new manifolds thus obtained have many interesting features. For example, they can have smaller Hodge numbers than ordinary CICYs and lead to many examples with elliptic and K3-fibration structures relevant to F-theory and string dualities.

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A simple model based on, the maximum energy that an athlete can produce in a small time interval is used to describe the high and long jump. Conservation of angular momentum is used to explain why an athlete should, run horizontally to perform a vertical jump. Our results agree with world records. (c) 2005 American Association of Physics Teachers.

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Los códigos de procedimiento penal que precedieron al actual, es decir, a la Ley 906 de 2004, han mostrado una significativa evolución en materia de medidas alternativas para la solución de conflictos, pero, habida cuenta de que el modelo que orientó la expedición de los estatutos anteriores fue el inquisitivo o el formal acusatorio, en su normativa no se encuentran instituciones equivalentes a los preacuerdos cuyo desarrollo es propio de los sistemas acusatorios. Dentro de un sistema penal acusatorio, los mecanismos de solución alternativa de conflictos permiten hacer más ágil el trámite del proceso penal, por cuanto la sentencia proferida después de haberse agotado la totalidad de las etapas procesales no es la única forma de terminación del proceso, sino que se admiten otras formas que podrían denominarse anormales o atípicas por permitir una conclusión precoz de la actividad procesal.

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We show that the crystal structure of a substrate can be exploited to drive the anisotropic assembly of colloidal nanoparticles. Pentanethiol-passivated Au particles of approximately 2 nm diameter deposited from toluene onto hydrogen-passivated Si(111) surfaces form linear assemblies (rods) with a narrow width distribution. The rod orientations mirror the substrate symmetry, with a high degree of alignment along principal crystallographic axes of the Si(111) surface. There is a strong preference for anisotropic growth with rod widths substantially more tightly distributed than lengths. Entropic trapping of nanoparticles provides a plausible explanation for the formation of the anisotropic assemblies we observe.

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La presente obra, tiene como propósito, interpretar las disposiciones que regulan el incidente de reparación integral, a través de los postulados del debido proceso, con el fin de garantizar los derechos consagrados en la ley 906 de 2004. En consecuencia, se analizan las figuras, que por integración normativa, posibilitan la aplicación de otros ordenamientos procesales, sin que se afecte la naturaleza del proceso penal, y para que sirva a los sujetos procesales que participan en la tramitación del incidente. También tiene como objetivo analizar cómo deben interpretarse las disposiciones procesales que regulan el incidente de reparación integral para así garantizar la indemnización de las víctimas y el debido proceso de los intervinientes, de paso, cuáles disposiciones del procedimiento civil son aplicables por reenvío normativo, precisar la situación jurídico-procesal de los terceros, establecer la forma de decretar y practicar las pruebas y la distribución de los poderes probatorios.

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Objetivos: Describir el método óptimo para obtener plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP). Material y métodos: Previo consentimiento informado, se obtuvieron de 36 pacientes sanos una muestra sanguínea de 15 ml distribuidos en 5 tubos estériles: uno para obtención de biometría hemática y el resto se sometieron a alguno de los 3 protocolos para obtención de plasma rico en plaquetas. Protocolo 1 (n = 21): 1200 rpm/2 ciclos/8 minutos (cada ciclo); protocolo 2 (n = 8): 1200 rpm/1 ciclo de centrifugado/8 minutos. Protocolo 3 (n = 7): 1200 rpm/1 ciclo de centrifugado/10 minutos. De las muestras obtenidas, se analizó 1 ml de plasma mediante citómetro de flujo automatizado (BD FACSCanto II) y se determinó el rendimiento plaquetario mediante la fórmula: recuento de plaquetas PRP (100)/recuento de plaquetas de sangre total. El método estadístico empleado fue medidas de tendencia central, Chi cuadrado, t de Student, análisis de varianza, prueba de Wilcoxon y probabilidad de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: El promedio de concentración basal plaquetaria fue de 261.2 miles/mcl para los 3 métodos (p = 0.906). Después del proceso de centrifugado para protocolo 1 fue 662.3 ± 243.3 (p = 0.001); protocolo 2, 377.9 ± 101.4 (p = 0.008) y 30.9 ± 18.8 (p = 0.016) para el 3. El rendimiento fue: 255.2 ± 57.6 %; 149.3 ± 24.6 %; 13.3 ± 11.6 %, respectivamente. Conclusión: Se logró obtener PRP aplicando el primer protocolo (1200 rpm/2 ciclos/8 minutos cada ciclo). El estudio se realizó en pacientes adultos sanos, sin embargo, se tendrán que realizar estudios posteriores con una mayor población para comprobar la efectividad de este método. En caso de que la obtención plaquetaria en estudios con mayor población sea la adecuada, deberá validarse su utilidad clínica en paciente con enfermedades crónico degenerativas y se tomen en cuenta las enfermedades concomitantes.

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We investigated the potential of secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2))-induced pancreatitis to promote abdominal hyperalgesia, as well as to depolarize sensory fibres in vitro using a grease-gap technique. Pancreatitis was induced by the injection of sPLA(2) from Crotalus durissus terrificus (sPLA(2) Cdt, 300 mu g kg(-1)) venom into the common bile duct of rats. Pancreatic inflammatory signs, serum amylase levels and abdominal hyperalgesia were evaluated in rats treated or not with SR140333, a tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist. Injection of sPLA(2) Cdt caused pancreatic oedema formation and increased pancreatic neutrophil infiltration and serum amylase at 4 h, which returned to normality by 24 h, except for the neutrophil infiltration, which was still increased at this time point. Animals injected with sPLA(2) exhibited a lower withdrawal threshold to electronic von Frey stimulation in the upper abdominal region at 4 h, but not 24 h, post-injection when compared with saline-injected rats. Pre-treatment of animals with SR140333 significantly reduced the sPLA(2) Cdt-induced abdominal hyperalgesia, without affecting the other parameters. Neither sPLA(2) Cdt nor sPLA(2) from Naja mocambique mocambique venom depolarized capsaicin-sensitive sensory fibres from rat vagus nerve, but they decreased the propagated compound action potentials in both A and C fibres. These data show for the first time that NK1 receptors play an important role in the early abdominal hyperalgesia in a rat model of sPLA(2)-induced pancreatitis, suggesting that these receptors are of importance in the development of pain in the pancreatitis condition. We also provide evidence that sPLA(2)s do not directly depolarize sensory fibres in vitro. (C) 2011 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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La naturaleza del Estado social de Derecho, moldea las instituciones procesales de conformidad con los cambios políticos suscitados en un contexto jurídico determinado. El proceso considerado como un método dialógico de regulación del conflicto de intereses no permanece distante a la realidad fáctica en que se desenvuelven las partes inmersas en él. El sistema de tendencia acusatorio adoptado por la Ley 906 de 2006 se erige como el más garantista al propiciar igualdad de oportunidades de aportación y contradicción de la prueba, entre otros factores. No obstante, la materialización de tal principio no se desprende de su consagración o anunciación legal, sino de la posibilidad que en el plano de la realidad se tenga para hacerlo efectiva. De tal suerte que el equilibrio probatorio no dependerá de la mera consagración legal sino de la medición de fuerzas entre la Fiscalía y la Defensa.

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Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) may be considered to be a new form of virtual technology enhanced learning environments. Since their first appearance in 2008, the increase in the number of MOOCs has been dramatic. The hype about MOOCs was accompanied by great expectations: 2012 was named the Year of the MOOCs and it was expected that MOOCs would revolutionise higher education. Two types of MOOCs may be distinguished: cMOOCs as proposed by Siemens, based on his ideas of connectivism, and xMOOCs developed in institutions such as Stanford and MIT. Although MOOCs have received a great deal of attention, they have also met with criticism. The time has therefore come to critically reflect upon this phenomenon.

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Fifty six specimens of the hybrid tambacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 male x Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818 female) were collected from fishfarm of Guariba, São Paulo, to evaluate their haematology. Fishes presented 400.0 to 3,100.0 g total weight and 20.0 to 52.0 cm total length. Haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin content (MCHC) and percentage of defense blood cells including leucocytes and thrombocytes, were studied. Statistical analysis showed positive correlation (P<0.01) between haematocrit, MCHC and haemoglobin rate. Nevertheless, thrombocytes and lymphocytes showed negative correlation (P<0.01).

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In this study, we examined the point prevalence rate of atypical features in bipolar disorder, and estimated the potential impact of these features on treatment practices in China. Using the atypical features criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV), we documented the atypical symptoms in 3 906 consecutive participants with bipolar disorder enrolled at 26 psychiatric services across China. We further assessed the association between atypical features and the treatment approaches, including the prescription of antidepressants. The overall point prevalence rate of atypical features was 9.1% among patients with various bipolar disorder subtypes. When the definition was broadened to include atypical features B, the overall rate increased to 11.8%. Interestingly, among patients with the mixed state and remission subtypes, there was a significant difference in the rates of antidepressant medication usage between patients who met and those who did not meet the criteria for atypical features B. These findings indicate a trend of using antidepressants for these two types of patients with atypical features. Further, for both mixed state and remission patients, treatment approaches were related to atypical features B. Our findings provide evidence to assist clinicians to readily recognize atypical features in bipolar subtypes and can propose treatments based on these diagnoses.