Intensified chemotherapy with ACVBP plus rituximab versus standard CHOP plus rituximab for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (LNH03-2B): an open-label randomised phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND: The outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has been substantially improved by the addition of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab to chemotherapy regimens. We aimed to assess, in patients aged 18-59 years, the potential survival benefit provided by a dose-intensive immunochemotherapy regimen plus rituximab compared with standard treatment plus rituximab. METHODS: We did an open-label randomised trial comparing dose-intensive rituximab, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vindesine, bleomycin, and prednisone (R-ACVBP) with subsequent consolidation versus standard rituximab, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). Random assignment was done with a computer-assisted randomisation-allocation sequence with a block size of four. Patients were aged 18-59 years with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and an age-adjusted international prognostic index equal to 1. Our primary endpoint was event-free survival. Our analyses of efficacy and safety were of the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00140595. FINDINGS: One patient withdrew consent before treatment and 54 did not complete treatment. After a median follow-up of 44 months, our 3-year estimate of event-free survival was 81% (95% CI 75-86) in the R-ACVBP group and 67% (59-73) in the R-CHOP group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·56, 95% CI 0·38-0·83; p=0·0035). 3-year estimates of progression-free survival (87% [95% CI, 81-91] vs 73% [66-79]; HR 0·48 [0·30-0·76]; p=0·0015) and overall survival (92% [87-95] vs 84% [77-89]; HR 0·44 [0·28-0·81]; p=0·0071) were also increased in the R-ACVBP group. 82 (42%) of 196 patients in the R-ACVBP group experienced a serious adverse event compared with 28 (15%) of 183 in the R-CHOP group. Grade 3-4 haematological toxic effects were more common in the R-ACVBP group, with a higher proportion of patients experiencing a febrile neutropenic episode (38% [75 of 196] vs 9% [16 of 183]). INTERPRETATION: Compared with standard R-CHOP, intensified immunochemotherapy with R-ACVBP significantly improves survival of patients aged 18-59 years with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with low-intermediate risk according to the International Prognostic Index. Haematological toxic effects of the intensive regimen were raised but manageable. FUNDING: Groupe d'Etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte and Amgen.

Traité sur l'art de chasser avec le chien courant / par le Cte Boisrot de Lacour ; illustrations de Carle Vernet

Collection : Les maîtres de la vénerie ; VII

Développer les habiletés sociales par le jeu

L'entraînement des habiletés sociales est une intervention utile pour améliorer le fonctionnement interpersonnel de personnes qui ont un diagnostic de schizophrénie. Les nouvelles connaissances sur la cognition sociale doivent être intégrées dans l'entraînement. Cet article présente des ajouts en ce sens apportés au jeu Compétence et les résultats préliminaires d'une étude pilote d'évaluation de cette nouvelle version.

Concilium Pisanum, 1409.

F. 1 Réponse des cardinaux à Rodolphe, secrétaire de Charles Malatesta (Mansi, XXVII, 239-245). F. 5 et 12v CAROLUS DE MALATESTIS, Lettres aux cardinaux (ibid., 226-238 et Martène et Durand, Ampl. coll., VII, 1143-1162). F. 29v Informatio gestorum cum patribus Pisis congregatis pro universali concilio (Mansi, XXVII, 245-313). F. 85 CAROLUS DE MALATESTIS, Responsio ad relata sibi per episcopum Cerviensem ex parte Alexandri (Martène et Durand, op. cit., 1136-1140). F. 88 ALEXANDER V, Replicatio ad « ambasitam » factam sibi per episcopum Cerviensem ex parte Caroli de Malatestis (ibid., 1140-1141). F. 88v et 97v Ambassades envoyées par Charles Malatesta aux cardinaux de Bologne, à l'occasion de la mort d'Alexandre V, 1410 (ibid., 1141-1142) et à Jean XXIII (ibid., 1171-1173). F. 108v Informatio ad regem Romanorum pro tranquillitate ecclesiae (ibid., 1187-1193). F. 124v Table analytique.

Towards Machine Consciousness: Grounding Abstract Models as pi-Processes

We present a two-level model of concurrent communicating systems (CCS) to serve as a basis formachine consciousness. A language implementing threads within logic programming is ¯rstintroduced. This high-level framework allows for the de¯nition of abstract processes that can beexecuted on a virtual machine. We then look for a possible grounding of these processes into thebrain. Towards this end, we map abstract de¯nitions (including logical expressions representingcompiled knowledge) into a variant of the pi-calculus. We illustrate this approach through aseries of examples extending from a purely reactive behavior to patterns of consciousness.

Textures et forme dans le premier livre de motets de Tomás Luis de Victoria

Contrairement à l'opinion formulée dans la littérature, les motets de Victoria sont majoritairement homophoniques. Cette prééminence se manifeste notamment dans le premier livre de motets du compositeur (Venise, 1572), qui comporte plus de la moitié des pièces qu'il a laissées dans le genre. Dans cette publication, 58% de l'ensemble des sections qui composent les motets sont homophoniques. En outre, plus le nombre de voix des pièces est élevé (5, 6 et 8 voix, par opposition aux motets à 4 voix), plus l'homophonie est utilisée. Cependant, les débuts des motets sont majoritairement imitatifs. Deux types de sections homophoniques jouent un rôle de poids. Le premier fait intervenir des sous-sections basées sur le même sujet dans une combinatoire répétition/variation. Dans les motets à 6, une opposition de registre aigu/grave renforce le procédé. Le second type voit se succéder des sous-sections nouvelles qui reposent sur des unités textuelles non répétées. Les sections homophoniques déploient une grande variété d'écriture, qui va de l'extrême « simplicité » à une complexité marquée. L'immédiate succession de sections bien différenciées constitue un marqueur formel fort. L'écriture, quel que soit le degré de complexité, repose régulièrement sur des modèles de progression intervallique. Si l'homophonie est prépondérante, son utilisation conjointe avec l'imitation reste primordiale dans la conception du motet qu'a le compositeur. Ces deux facteurs participent de la « modernité » des pièces. Ils répondent aux préoccupations humanistes des érudits de la musique, à qui le recueil est destiné et appartiennent de ce fait à la musica reservata.

Essential PchG-dependent reduction in pyochelin biosynthesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The biosynthetic genes pchDCBA and pchEF, which are known to be required for the formation of the siderophore pyochelin and its precursors salicylate and dihydroaeruginoate (Dha), are clustered with the pchR regulatory gene on the chromosome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The 4.6-kb region located downstream of the pchEF genes was found to contain three additional, contiguous genes, pchG, pchH, and pchI, probably forming a pchEFGHI operon. The deduced amino acid sequences of PchH and PchI are similar to those of ATP binding cassette transport proteins with an export function. PchG is a homolog of the Yersinia pestis and Y. enterocolitica proteins YbtU and Irp3, which are involved in the biosynthesis of yersiniabactin. A null mutation in pchG abolished pyochelin formation, whereas mutations in pchH and pchI did not affect the amounts of salicylate, Dha, and pyochelin produced. The pyochelin biosynthetic genes were expressed from a vector promoter, uncoupling them from Fur-mediated repression by iron and PchR-dependent induction by pyochelin. In a P. aeruginosa mutant lacking the entire pyochelin biosynthetic gene cluster, the expressed pchDCBA and pchEFG genes were sufficient for salicylate, Dha, and pyochelin production. Pyochelin formation was also obtained in the heterologous host Escherichia coli expressing pchDCBA and pchEFG together with the E. coli entD gene, which provides a phosphopantetheinyl transferase necessary for PchE and PchF activation. The PchG protein was purified and used in combination with PchD and phosphopantetheinylated PchE and PchF in vitro to produce pyochelin from salicylate, L-cysteine, ATP, NADPH, and S-adenosylmethionine. Based on this assay, a reductase function was attributed to PchG. In summary, this study completes the identification of the biosynthetic genes required for pyochelin formation from chorismate in P. aeruginosa.

Graphitized carbon black in quartz tubes for the sampling of indoor air nicotine and analysis by microwave thermal desorption-capillary gas chromatography

Nicotine in a smoky indoor air environment can be determined using graphitized carbon black as a solid sorbent in quartz tubes. The temperature stability, high purity, and heat absorption characteristics of the sorbent, as well as the permeability of the quartz tubes to microwaves, enable the thermal desorption by means of microwaves after active sampling. Permeation and dynamic dilution procedures for the generation of nicotine in the vapor phase at low and high concentrations are used to evaluate the performances of the sampler. Tube preparation is described and the microwave desorption temperature is measured. Breakthrough volume is determined to allow sampling at 0.1-1 L/min for definite periods of time. The procedure is tested for the determination of gas and paticulate phase nicotine in sidestream smoke produced in an experimental chamber.