Acúmulo de nutrientes e decomposição do palhiço de cana em função de doses de vinhaça

Understanding the influence of vinasse application on trash decomposition and its effects on soil chemical attributes and sugar cane culture is essential for the good management of the production system. The objective of this study was to assess the time of decomposition and nutrient cycling of the green ratoon cane's trash, and their effects on soil fertility and technological components of crops, in terms of vinasse doses. The study was developed in the northwest region of Sao Paulo State - Brazil, under Eutrophic Ultisol, using the RB855453 variety. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split plot in time. The treatments were composed of four doses of vinasse (0, 50, 100 and 200 m(3) ha(-1)). There was a 20.9% reduction in the amount of crop residue remaining after one year review. The vinasse doses increased the ratoon cane's yield, without interfering in the raw material quality. The green cane system, in which the trash is deposited on the soil and vinasse application, changes the dynamics of the trash decomposition and modifies the soil fertility, contributing positively to the crop yield.

Acúmulo de nutrientes e tempo de decomposição da palhada de espécies forrageiras em função de épocas de semeadura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Associação de carboidrases e fitase em dietas valorizadas e seus efeitos sobre desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras leves

A total of 350 commercial Bovans White laying hens were used to evaluate the association of carbohydrases and phytase in enriched diets and its effects on performance and egg quality of laying hens. The experiment used a randomized design with five treatments and seven replicates. The treatments were: 1. Positive control without added enzymes and without nutrient enrichment, 2. Negative control (NC) 1 with 1.5% and 6% AME (kcal/kg) enrichment for corn and soybean meal respectively, 2% crude protein (CP) enrichment, and digestible limiting digestible amino acids plus the full matrix for the phytase enzyme; 3. NC 2 with 1.5% and 6% AME (kcal/kg) enrichment, respectively, for corn and soybean meal and 2% crude protein (CP) enrichment, and digestible limiting amino acids plus the sparse matrix for the phytase enzyme, 4. NC 1 supplemented with 100 g ton(-1) carbohydrase and 30g ton(-1) phytase, 5. NC 2 supplemented with 100 g ton(-1) carbohydrase and 30g ton(-1) phytase. According to the results, the positive control treatments, NC1 and NC2, with or without enzyme supplementation, showed guaranteed performance for feed intake, egg yield, weight, egg loss and shell quality.

Efeito da aplicação de biocarvão, cama de frango e formulado NPK no estado nutricional de laranjeira em Terra Mulata

Growing in orange on Terra Mulata has been submitted nutrient limitation requiring correction in agricultural areas. The application of biochar associated with another source of nutrients can be a viable alternative to increase the efficiency of fertilizers and reduce losses in the areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biochar, poultry litter and NPK in the nutritional status of orange trees grown in an Oxisol with anthropogenic A horizon (Terra Mulata). The study was conducted in a rural property landfall in Manacapuru (AM) in a randomized block design with eight treatments using biochar, poultry litter and NPK (4-14-8) applied in isolation and associates. To review two samples were taken at different periods of sheets to determine the nutritional status. Fertilizers applied did not increase the efficiency in the availability of contents of N, P, Fe and Zn, being the latter below the range of suitable content. As for the K, compost chicken manure and their combinations increased their availability, and the highest levels of Mg were found in the control treatment.

Características dos substratos na absorção de nutrientes e na produção de gérbera de vaso

The production systems on substrates have been employed in most commercial cultivation of flowers and ornamental plants, including gerbera. However, its introduction as potted flower is recent in Brazil and many studies, especially those related to the determination of substrates physical and chemical properties, which contribute to production quality are still needed. The present study aimed to assess the influence of substrates characteristics for nutrient absorption and production of potted gerbera. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse with the experimental design in randomized blocks, factorial arrangement 5x2 (5 substrates and 2 cultivars) and 4 replications. Treatments consisted of substrates with different physical and chemical characteristics and gerbera cultivars (Cherry and Red). Plants grown on substrate with pH above 7.0 had a reduction in iron absorption, resulting in lower intensity of green coloration in the leaves. Plants grown on substrate with pH below 5.0 showed toxic levels of manganese and lower dry mass. The characteristics of the substrate, especially the pH, influence the nutrients absorption and the production of potted gerbera, altering the final plant quality.

Avaliação da ingestão de nutrientes, segundo padrão alimentar de idosos do município de Botucatu - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Perdas de solo e índices de vegetação: proposta metodológica para a determinação do fator C (MEUPS) em pastagens e cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fatores de risco associados às perdas quantitativas e econômicas ocorridas no manejo pré-abate de suínos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relação amônio e nitrato, mitigação da toxicidade amoniacal com silício e curva de acúmulo de nutrientes em mudas de maracujazeiro

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Reguladores vegetais e nutrientes minerais no metabolismo de plantas de tomateiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo epidemiológico sobre as perdas reprodutivas em bovinos leiteiros: ocorrência de neospora caninum, brucella abortus, herpesvírus bovino tipo-1 e leptospira spp. em uma propriedade do município de São Carlos-SP

The aim of this work was draw an endemic level of reproductive losses and determine positivity for four infectious agents related to reproductive problems in dairy cattle on a property in São Carlos city. Blood serum samples were collected of 142 breeding animals more than two years old, from which 21.1% showed history of abortions or stillbirths in at least one pregnancy. Immunofluorescent antibody technique, tamponated acidified antigen test, serum neutralization technique and microscopic agglutination test, were used for detection of antibody anti-Neospora caninum, anti- Brucella abortus, anti-Bovine Herpesvirus Type-1 (BoHV-1) and anti-Leptospira spp , respectively. The serological tests carried out showed that 28.9% of the animals had titers greater than or equal to 100 of anti-Neospora caninum. Viral neutralization tests demonstrated that 26.8% of the animals had titers greater or equal to 256 for antibody anti-BoHV-1.Only 7.7% of the animals studied had titers equal to or greater than 100 in the microscopic agglutination test for Leptospira spp. There weren’t observed positive reactions to the tamponated acidified antigen test for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. The study suggests the presence of BoHV-1, N. caninum and Leptospira spp in contact with dairy cattle property and could be involved in the occurrence of abortions and stillbirths in cattle. Reproductive losses are endemic and implies a possible behavior of chronic infections caused by these microorganisms.

Produtividade, teor foliar e exportação de nutrientes em cultivares de batata

The right choose of the cultivar influences greatly the potato yield. It is very important to know its agronomic behavior in the region where it is planted, as well its nutritional status, in order to supply the best package in the fertilization operations. In this work the tuber yield, the nutritional status of plants and the exportation of nutrients were studied in eighteen potato cultivars. A randomized blocks experimental design, with four replicates, was used. Mondial showed the highest total and commercial yields. The nutrient concentrations in fourth leaf of potato plant followed the decreasing order: N>K>Ca>P>Mg>B>Zn. The exportation of nutrients by the tubers followed the decreasing order: K>N>P>Mg>Ca. B and Zn had different behavior according the cultivars.

Teor e acúmulo de nutrientes em grãos de feijão comum em semeadura direta, sob déficit hídrico

O feijão comum possui notória importância socioeconômica, constitui uma das mais importantes fontes proteicas da dieta brasileira e juntamente com o arroz, proporciona uma dieta mais vantajosa e equilibrada em termos de aminoácidos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das combinações de diferentes reposições hídricas nas fases vegetativa - I e reprodutiva - II, durante o ciclo do feijoeiro IAC Alvorada, e comparar o teor nutricional dos grãos. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições em fatorial 4 x 4, sendo quatro níveis de déficit hídrico 100, 80, 60 e 40% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) e os mesmos níveis foram repetidos em duas fases de desenvolvimento da cultura do feijão (fases I e II). Cada parcela possuía as dimensões de 4 m x 1,8 m, totalizando 7,2 m2 de 0,45 m. Inicialmente irrigou-se pelo sistema aspersão convencional em um período de 60 minutos diariamente, posteriormente o sistema adotado foi por gotejamento, conforme cada tratamento de restrição hídrica. Avaliaram-se os teores nutricionais de macro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S) e micronutrientes (B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Fe). A interação entre as lâminas nas fases I e II influenciou nos teores de micronutrientes Fe e S em grãos de feijão. Houve aumento dos teores de Fe e diminuição dos teores de Cu, Mn e B com a deficiência hídrica em uma das fases. Os macro e micronutrientes mais extraídos foram N, P, K, Fe, B e Mn. O N e o P são os nutrientes exportados em maior quantidade pelos grãos.

Teores de nutrientes, valores energéticos e legalidade em bebidas não alcoólicas comerciais de manga e de goiaba

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Acúmulo de nutrientes e resposta da alface à adubação fosfatada

Nutrient absorption and response of lettuce to phosphorus fertilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of lettuce (cultivar Verônica) to different levels of phosphorus fertilization. The experiment was conducted from 25/09/2003 (sowing) to 03/12/2003 (harvesting) at the Fazenda Experimental São Manuel, UNESP/FCA, Botucatu/SP, under protective structures. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with five treatments (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800kg.ha-1 of P2 O5, in the form of triple superphosphate) and five replications. Plants were grown in 13L plastic pots containing Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico Típico. A quadratic response was observed for the fresh mass of the plant shoots and leaf area, with maximum equivalent levels of 733 and 756kg.ha-1 of P2 O5 , respectively, as well as for potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, copper, iron, manganese and zinc accumulation. Linear increases were observed with the treatments of P2 O5 for dry mass of the shoots, leaf number, plant height and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation.