Dentin bond strength: Influence of laser irradiation, acid etching, and hypermineralization

Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of ND:YLF laser irradiation (1.31 J/cm(2); 250 mJ per pulse), acid etching, and hypermineralization on the shear bond strength (SBS) of the Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus (3M Dental Products) bonding system. Summary Background Data: Previous studies had shown that the pretreatment of the dentin substrate with laser irradiation can influence the SBS, Methods: Sixty bovine incisors were selected and stored at -18 degrees C, Dentinal buccal surface was exposed and radiographs were taken to control dentin thickness, the specimens were separated into 2 groups: (1) the control, which was kept in distilled water at 4 degrees C; (2) the hypermineralized, which was kept in hypermineralizing solution at 4 degrees C for 14 days, Each group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the type of dentin pretreatment used: M (acid etching + primer + bond); AL (acid etching + primer + bond + laser); and LA (laser + acid etching + primer + bond). A standard composite resin cylinder (Z100-3M) was bonded to the dentinal surface and the SBS performed on an Instron machine (500 Kg load cell at 0.5 mm/min), followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction analysis. Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) determined that the pretreatments influenced the SBS values (p < 0.05): AL (9.96 MPa), M (7.28 MPa), and LA (4.87 MPa), the interaction between the group and pretreatment factors also influenced the SBS (p < 0.05). The highest values were obtained for the interaction control/AL (11.64 MPa), Conclusion: the results suggested that dentin treatment with laser after the application of the adhesive system is efficient in achieving higher bond strength and is promising as a possible new adhesive substrate.

On non-linear dynamics and an optimal control synthesis of the action potential of membranes (ideal and non-ideal cases) of the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) mathematical model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on peroxidase activity in diabetic patients: a case-control pilot study

Objective: To evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on clinical parameters as well as on total salivary peroxidase (TSP) activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and of systemically healthy individuals.Material and Methods: Twenty DM2 subjects with inadequate metabolic control (test group) and 20 systemically healthy individuals (control group), both groups with chronic periodontitis, were enrolled. Periodontal clinical parameters, namely periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index (VPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and presence of suppuration (SUP), as well as TSP activity and GCF MPO activity, were assessed before and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy.Results: At baseline and 3 months post-treatment, the test group presented a higher percentage of sites with VPI and BOP (p < 0.01). MPO activity in the GCF presented lower values (p < 0.05) for the test group at both baseline and the post-treatment period. The periodontal treatment resulted in a significant improvement of most clinical and enzymatic parameters for both groups (p < 0.05).Conclusions: In both groups, the periodontal therapy was effective in improving most clinical parameters and in reducing salivary and GCF enzymatic activity. The diabetic individuals presented lower MPO activity in the GCF.

Role of metabolic control on diabetic nephropathy

OBJETIVO: Os autores relatam a influência do controle metabólico do diabetes, experimentalmente induzido no rato, sobre a nefropatia diabética. Eles observaram o efeito da insulina, da acarbose, um inibidor da glicosidase, e de dois agentes combinados sobre o controle metabólico e o desenvolvimento da expansão mesangial de glomérulos renais, no diabetes induzido pela aloxana no rato. MÉTODOS: Usando 5 grupos de ratos Wistar assim definidos: Normal(N), diabéticos não-tratados (D), diabéticos tratados com acarbose (AD); diabéticos tratados com insulina (ID) e diabéticos tratados com insulina associada à acarbose (IAD) foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: peso corporal, ingestão alimentar, ingestão hídrica, diurese, níveis de glicose sanguínea e urinária e as lesões renais: alargamento mesangial e vacuolização de células tubulares, usando contagem semi-quantitativa 1, 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses após a indução do diabetes. RESULTADOS: Houve acentuado aumento da glicemia, dos níveis de glicose na urina, da diurese, da ingestão hídrica e alimentar, e progressiva perda de peso nos ratos diabéticos, enquanto que os ratos diabéticos tratados exibiram melhora significativa destes parâmetros, sendo os ratos tratados com insulina + acarbose os que apresentaram controle metabólico mais satisfatório. Houve um significativo alargamento mesangial nos ratos diabéticos quando comparado ao observado nos ratos normais, desde o 3º até o 12º mês após a indução do diabetes, sendo observada diferença significativa entre os animais tratados com acarbose + insulina e os ratos diabéticos não-tratados. Não houve diferença significativa entre os animais tratados somente com acarbose ou com insulina quando comparados com ratos diabéticos não-tratados. CONCLUSÃO: Os autores discutem os resultados abordando o papel do controle metabólico do diabetes na prevenção da nefropatia diabética.