873 resultados para media content production


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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar un aporte a las discusiones político-intelectuales del campo educativo en América Latina y el Caribe en el período que media entre los años 1976 y 1992. Desde una perspectiva del estudio de las ideas político-pedagógicas interesa explorar los contenidos, categorías teóricas, temas y problemáticas que caracterizaron la producción discursiva de los organismos internacionales, en tanto segmento constitutivo del campo intelectual de la educación. En términos empíricos, se estudiarán desde una perspectiva comparada y contrastativa tres producciones documentales fundamentales para América Latina y el Caribe llevadas a cabo por un conjunto de organismos internacionales: el Proyecto Desarrollo y Educación en América Latina y el Caribe (UNESCO-CEPAL-PNUD) de 1976-1981, el Proyecto Principal de Educación para América Latina y el Caribe considerado entre los años 1981-1989 (UNESCO) y por último; el Documento Educación y Conocimiento: ejes de la transformación productiva con equidad de 1992 (UNESCO-CEPAL). En suma, este trabajo pretende efectuar una contribución a la historia reciente del campo intelectual de la educación -que ciertamente cuenta con muy pocas investigaciones al respecto-, partiendo del presupuesto de que el abordaje de los procesos de producción discursiva e innovación conceptual aporta a la comprensión de la conformación y desarrollo del campo educativo.

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En este artículo analizamos el papel de la escuela en la producción y reproducción de la desigualdad social, a partir de una investigación realizada en veinticuatro escuelas medias de Ciudad de Buenos Aires y las provincias de Buenos Aires, Neuquén y Salta. Centrándonos en entrevistas a directivos de las escuelas. Tomaremos como ejes de análisis la percepción de los nuevos sectores sociales que se incorporan a la escuela secundaria y el cambio de funciones educativas y la definición de horizontes para la acción escolar. Buscaremos identificar cómo aparece la desigualdad social, y debatiremos si ella no es, a su turno, producida también desde la escuela media.

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En este artículo analizamos el papel de la escuela en la producción y reproducción de la desigualdad social, a partir de una investigación realizada en veinticuatro escuelas medias de Ciudad de Buenos Aires y las provincias de Buenos Aires, Neuquén y Salta. Centrándonos en entrevistas a directivos de las escuelas. Tomaremos como ejes de análisis la percepción de los nuevos sectores sociales que se incorporan a la escuela secundaria y el cambio de funciones educativas y la definición de horizontes para la acción escolar. Buscaremos identificar cómo aparece la desigualdad social, y debatiremos si ella no es, a su turno, producida también desde la escuela media.

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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar un aporte a las discusiones político-intelectuales del campo educativo en América Latina y el Caribe en el período que media entre los años 1976 y 1992. Desde una perspectiva del estudio de las ideas político-pedagógicas interesa explorar los contenidos, categorías teóricas, temas y problemáticas que caracterizaron la producción discursiva de los organismos internacionales, en tanto segmento constitutivo del campo intelectual de la educación. En términos empíricos, se estudiarán desde una perspectiva comparada y contrastativa tres producciones documentales fundamentales para América Latina y el Caribe llevadas a cabo por un conjunto de organismos internacionales: el Proyecto Desarrollo y Educación en América Latina y el Caribe (UNESCO-CEPAL-PNUD) de 1976-1981, el Proyecto Principal de Educación para América Latina y el Caribe considerado entre los años 1981-1989 (UNESCO) y por último; el Documento Educación y Conocimiento: ejes de la transformación productiva con equidad de 1992 (UNESCO-CEPAL). En suma, este trabajo pretende efectuar una contribución a la historia reciente del campo intelectual de la educación -que ciertamente cuenta con muy pocas investigaciones al respecto-, partiendo del presupuesto de que el abordaje de los procesos de producción discursiva e innovación conceptual aporta a la comprensión de la conformación y desarrollo del campo educativo.

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En este artículo analizamos el papel de la escuela en la producción y reproducción de la desigualdad social, a partir de una investigación realizada en veinticuatro escuelas medias de Ciudad de Buenos Aires y las provincias de Buenos Aires, Neuquén y Salta. Centrándonos en entrevistas a directivos de las escuelas. Tomaremos como ejes de análisis la percepción de los nuevos sectores sociales que se incorporan a la escuela secundaria y el cambio de funciones educativas y la definición de horizontes para la acción escolar. Buscaremos identificar cómo aparece la desigualdad social, y debatiremos si ella no es, a su turno, producida también desde la escuela media.

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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar un aporte a las discusiones político-intelectuales del campo educativo en América Latina y el Caribe en el período que media entre los años 1976 y 1992. Desde una perspectiva del estudio de las ideas político-pedagógicas interesa explorar los contenidos, categorías teóricas, temas y problemáticas que caracterizaron la producción discursiva de los organismos internacionales, en tanto segmento constitutivo del campo intelectual de la educación. En términos empíricos, se estudiarán desde una perspectiva comparada y contrastativa tres producciones documentales fundamentales para América Latina y el Caribe llevadas a cabo por un conjunto de organismos internacionales: el Proyecto Desarrollo y Educación en América Latina y el Caribe (UNESCO-CEPAL-PNUD) de 1976-1981, el Proyecto Principal de Educación para América Latina y el Caribe considerado entre los años 1981-1989 (UNESCO) y por último; el Documento Educación y Conocimiento: ejes de la transformación productiva con equidad de 1992 (UNESCO-CEPAL). En suma, este trabajo pretende efectuar una contribución a la historia reciente del campo intelectual de la educación -que ciertamente cuenta con muy pocas investigaciones al respecto-, partiendo del presupuesto de que el abordaje de los procesos de producción discursiva e innovación conceptual aporta a la comprensión de la conformación y desarrollo del campo educativo.

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We investigated surface and deep ocean variability in the subpolar North Atlantic from 1000 to 500 thousand years ago (ka) based on two Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites, Feni drift site 980 (55°29'N, 14°42'W) and Bjorn drift site 984 (61°25'N, 24°04'W). Benthic foraminiferal stable isotope data, planktic foraminiferal faunas, ice-rafted debris data, and faunally based sea-surface temperature estimates help test the hypothesis that oceanographic changes in the North Atlantic region were associated with the onset of the 100-kyr world during the mid-Pleistocene revolution. Based on percentage of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s) records from both sites, surface waters during interglacials and glacials were cooler in the mid-Pleistocene than during marine isotope stages (MIS) 5 and 6. In particular, interglaciations at Bjorn drift site 984 were significantly cooler. Faunal evidence suggests that the interglacial Arctic front shifted from a position between the two sites to a position northwest of Bjorn drift site 984 after ca. 610 ka. As during the late Pleistocene, we find faunal evidence for lagging surface warmth at most of the glacial initiations during the mid-Pleistocene. Each initiation is associated with high benthic d13C values that are maintained into the succeeding glaciation, which we term "lagging NADW production." These findings indicate that lagging warmth and lagging NADW production are robust features of the regional climate system that persist in the middle to late Pleistocene.

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The effects of temperature and food was examined for Calanus finmarchicus and C. glacialis during 3 phases of the phytoplankton spring bloom in Disko Bay, western Greenland. The 2 species were collected during pre-bloom, bloom, and post-bloom and exposed to temperatures from 0 to 10°C, combined with deficient or excess food. Fecal pellet and egg production were measured as indices for grazing and secondary production, respectively. Furthermore, changes in body carbon, nitrogen, and lipid content were measured. C. glacialis sampled before the bloom and incubated with excess food exhibited high specific egg production at temperatures between 0 and 2.5°C. Higher temperatures did not increase egg production considerably, whereas egg production for C. finmarchicus more than tripled between 2.5 and 5°C. Starved C. glacialis produced eggs at all temperatures stimulated by increasing temperatures, whereas starved C. finmarchicus needed temperatures above 5°C to produce eggs fueled by their lipid stores. Few C. finmarchicus had mature gonads at the initiation of the pre-bloom and bloom experiment, and egg production of C. finmarchicus therefore only increased as the ratio of individuals with mature gonads increased. During the bloom, both C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus used the high food availability for egg production, while refueling or exhausting their lipid stores, respectively. Finally, during the post-bloom experiment, production was low by C. finmarchicus, whereas C. glacialis had terminated production. Our results suggest that a future warmer ocean will reduce the advantage of early spawning by C. glacialis and that C. finmarchicus will become increasingly prevalent.

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Dynamics of phosphates and silicates in sea ice of the high-latitudinal Arctic are considered for period from November 2005 to May 2006. It is shown that, during ice formation, silicates are included into it in the same ratio to salinity that is characteristic of under-ice water. Further dynamics of silicates are determined by their bioassimilation with beginning of the polar day and by biogenic silicon accumulation at bottom meltwater pools with subsequent leaching. Phosphates are included into ice in a ratio higher than that occurring in the under-ice water. This is caused by the fact that liquid phase of sea ice represents composition of the surface microlayer at the ice-water interface, which is enriched in organic matter and in products of its destruction (particularly in phosphates). With onset of the polar day, content of phosphates first markedly increases (due to photo oxidation of biogenic organic matter) and then decreases because of bioassimilation. At the beginning of the polar day, primary production of diatoms was estimated to be ~0.3 mg C/m**2/day.

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The barite and CaCO3 content (in weight percent) of marine sediments can be used to determine spatial and temporal changes in export production (organic and carbonate carbon flux) and/or CaCO3 preservation (inorganic carbon burial). Here we report barite and CaCO3 content in Eocene/Oligocene (E/O) boundary sediments from locations drilled on Shatsky Rise during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 198. Records of these indexes may be used along with other data to determine how the major E/O boundary climatic transition (initiation of Antarctic glaciation and resultant ocean-climate system changes) affected marine export production/preservation at Shatsky Rise. Such data are necessary to elucidate the timing and phasing of changes in the carbon cycle relative to fluctuations in oceanographic conditions across this climatically important interval.

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1. Shallow arctic lakes and ponds have simple and short food webs, but large uncertainties remain about benthic-pelagic links in these systems. We tested whether organic matter of benthic origin supports zooplankton biomass in a pond in NE Greenland, using stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen in the pond itself and in a 13C-enrichment enclosure experiment. In the latter, we manipulated the carbon isotope signature of benthic algae to enhance its isotopic discrimination from other potential food sources for zooplankton. 2. The cladoceran Daphnia middendorffiana responded to the 13C-enrichment of benthic mats with progressively increasing d13C values, suggesting benthic feeding. Stable isotope analysis also pointed towards a negligible contribution of terrestrial carbon to the diet of D. middendorffiana. This agreed with the apparent dominance of autochthonous dissolved organic matter in the pond revealed by analysis of coloured dissolved organic matter. 3. Daily net production by phytoplankton in the pond (18 mg C/m**2/day) could satisfy only up to half of the calculated minimum energy requirements of D. middendorffiana (35 mg C/m**2/day), whereas benthic primary production alone (145 mg C/m**2/day) was more than sufficient. 4. Our findings highlight benthic primary production as a major dietary source for D. middendorffiana in this system and suggest that benthic organic matter may play a key role in sustaining pelagic secondary production in such nutrient-limited high arctic ponds.

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It has been shown that in the Sevastopol Bay during the year primary production and chlorophyll "a" created by picoplankton (0.45-2.5 µm) consisted on the average 20-44% of total production. It was approximately a half of the level for oligotrophic waters of the ocean. Picoplankton of waters studied is represented by eucaryotes, cell diameter of which is, as a rule, about 2-3 µm. Contribution of the finest fraction of phytoplankton (0.43-0.85 µm) to primary production and con¬tent of chlorophyll "a" was insignificant (0-4%).

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Coralline algae are considered among the most sensitive species to near future ocean acidification. We tested the effects of elevated pCO2 on the metabolism of the free-living coralline alga Lithothamnion corallioides ("maerl") and the interactions with changes in temperature. Specimens were collected in North Brittany (France) and grown for 3 months at pCO2 of 380 (ambient pCO2), 550, 750, and 1000 µatm (elevated pCO2) and at successive temperatures of 10°C (ambient temperature in winter), 16°C (ambient temperature in summer), and 19°C (ambient temperature in summer +3°C). At each temperature, gross primary production, respiration (oxygen flux), and calcification (alkalinity flux) rates were assessed in the light and dark. Pigments were determined by HPLC. Chl a, carotene, and zeaxanthin were the three major pigments found in L. corallioides thalli. Elevated pCO2 did not affect pigment content while temperature slightly decreased zeaxanthin and carotene content at 10°C. Gross production was not affected by temperature but was significantly affected by pCO2 with an increase between 380 and 550 µatm. Light, dark, and diel (24 h) calcification rates strongly decreased with increasing pCO2 regardless of the temperature. Although elevated pCO2 only slightly affected gross production in L. corallioides, diel net calcification was reduced by up to 80% under the 1,000 µatm treatment. Our findings suggested that near future levels of CO2 will have profound consequences for carbon and carbonate budgets in rhodolith beds and for the sustainability of these habitats.