A new procedure to derive transmission-line parameters: Applications and restrictions

The objective of this paper is to show an alternative methodology to calculate transmission-line parameters per unit length. With this methodology, the transmission-line parameters can be obtained starting from impedances measured in one terminal of the line. First, the article shows the classical methodology to calculate frequency-dependent transmission-line parameters by using Carson's and Pollaczeck's equations for representing the ground effect and Bessel's functions to represent the skin effect. After that, a new procedure is shown to calculate frequency-dependent transmission-line parameters directly from currents and voltages of an existing line. Then, this procedure is applied in a two-phase and a three-phase transmission line whose parameters have been previously calculated by using the classical methodology. Finally, the results obtained by using the new procedure and by using the classical methodology are compared. The article shows simulations results for a typical frequency spectrum of switching transients (10 Hz to 10 kHz).

Flammability limits: A review with emphasis on ethanol for aeronautical applications and description of the experimental procedure

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Tooth separation: A risk-free procedure?

This article reports the case of a 12-year-old patient with tooth extrusion, pain, gingival bleeding, and localized periodontitis near the maxillary second premolar. Despite probing and radiographic examination, it was not possible to establish the etiology. Tooth extraction was indicated because of the severe tooth mobility and extrusion. Curettage of the tooth socket revealed a rubber separator. Preventive approaches are suggested to avoid iatrogenesis and legal problems. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 142:402-5)

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellites for the natural populations of barker frog Physalaemus cuvieri

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Step by step analyses of Clarke's matrix correction procedure for untransposed three-phase transmission line cases

The correction procedure for Clarke's matrix, considering three-phase transmission line analyzes, is analyzed step by step in this paper, searching to improve the application of this procedure. Changing the eigenvectors as modal transformation matrices, Clarke's matrix has been applied to analyses for transposed and untransposed three-phase transmission line cases. It is based on the fact that Clarke's matrix is an eigenvector matrix for transposed three-phase transmission lines considering symmetrical and asymmetrical cases. Because of this, the application of this matrix has been analyzed considering untransposed three-phase transmission lines. In most of these cases, the errors related to the eigenvalues can be considered negligible. It is not true when it is analyzed the elements that are not in main diagonal of the quasi-mode matrix. This matrix is obtained from the application of Clarke's matrix. The quasi-mode matrix is correspondent to the eigenvalue matrix. Their off-diagonal elements represent couplings among the quasi-modes. So, the off-diagonal quasi-mode element relative values are not negligible when compared to the eigenvalues that correspond to the coupled quasi-modes. Minimizing these relative values, the correction procedure is analyzed in detail, checking some alternatives for the correction procedure application.

Isolation and characterization of 15 polymorphic microsatellites in the Plethodontid salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii

We developed 15 new polymorphic microsatellites for the plethodontid salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii. Loci were isolated from a genomic library from Ensatina eschscholtzii xanthoptica enriched for (AAAG)(n) repetitive elements. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 20 (mean 9) in the sampled population. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.37 to 1. None of the loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium or showed significant linkage disequilibrium after a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. All loci amplified in the six other subspecies of the Ensatina eschscholtzii complex. These new markers will prove useful in measuring gene flow and population structure as well as patterns of mating and sperm use in Ensatina.

Isolation and characterization of ten microsatellite loci from the Patagonian notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus

Eleginops maclovinus, the Patagonian blennie, is a notothenioid (Perciformes) endemic to South American temperate and sub-Antarctic waters. Here, we report ten polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated from a dinucleotide-enriched E. maclovinus genomic library. Among 48 individuals, the number of alleles per locus ranged from eight to 41, and the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.688 to 0.938 and from 0.695 to 0.968, respectively. No locus significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and no significant linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci was found. These polymorphic microsatellite loci will be useful for investigating genetic population structure and connectivity among natural populations.

Isolation and characterization of Wharton's jelly-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from bovine umbilical cord and maintained in a defined serum-free three-dimensional system

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of terrestrial habitat isolation on the diversity and temporal distribution of anurans in an agricultural landscape

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Isolation and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of phenolic constituents of the Garcinia brasiliensis epicarp

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Isolation of ergosterol peroxide and its reversion to ergosterol in the pathogenic fungus Sporothrix schenckii

Ergosterol peroxide, a presumed product of the H2O2-dependent enzymatic oxidation of ergosterol, has been isolated from yeast from yeast forms of the pathogenic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. The substance, which may have a role in fungal virulence, has been characterized mainly using spectroscopic methods (1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and high resolution mass spectra). The purified compound showed a molecular formula of C28H44O3, displaying characteristic features of epidioxy sterols and was reverted to ergosterol when submitted to S. schenckii enzymatic extract.

Note on the point-splitting procedure to evaluate vacuum fluctuation in certain cylindrically symmetric backgrounds

We reexamine the two-point function approaches used to study vacuum fluctuation in wedge-shaped regions and conical backgrounds. The appearance of divergent integrals is discussed and circumvented. The issue is considered in the context of a massless scalar field in cosmic string spacetime.