Melhoria da Atenção Pré-Natal e do Puerpério na ESF 15 Brandão Junior, São Gabriel, RS

O acompanhamento da saúde da mulher durante o pré-natal e o puerpério propicia às gestantes cuidados contínuos durante o período gestacional. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, envolve orientações, medidas preventivas e atenção integral às intercorrências que podem trazer complicações para a mulher, para o feto e para o recém-nascido. Para que tais cuidados sejam prestados, é necessário que as Unidades Básicas de Saúde disponham de equipes multiprofissionais que atuem de forma acolhedora e organizada, prestando assistência qualificada à saúde das gestantes. Este trabalho foi realizado na UBS 15 da cidade de São Gabriel durante 12 semanas, entre os meses de junho e agosto de 2015, com o objetivo de melhorar a atenção ao pré-natal e puerpério para as mulheres da sua área de abrangência. Antes da intervenção, a população alvo não era acompanhada em forma correta, com demoras de atenção, desorganizado e sem um controle continuo, pacientes que chegavam ao parto sem um correto preenchimento das fichas de acompanhamento. A intervenção teve como base o Caderno de Atenção Básica nº 32 do Ministério da Saúde, que foi utilizado para a capacitação dos profissionais e para a reorganização dos processos de trabalho da área. A intervenção se desenvolveu com ações nos 4 Eixos Temáticos propostos pelo Curso: organização e gestão, qualificação da prática clínica, monitoramento e avaliação engajamento público. Apesar de algumas metas não terem sido atingidas, o projeto possibilitou uma melhoria substancial no acompanhamento ao pré-natal e puerpério prestado pela UBS, indicando a necessidade de continuidade e aprimoramento contínuo ao longo do tempo.

Reduçao do número de usuários crônicos dos benzodiazepinicos mediante uma cartilha informativa com os efeitos colaterais e as consequências destes no (PSF) Bom Pastor, no municipio São João Del Rei, Minas Gerais

O uso e abuso dos benzodiazepínicos (BZD) nestes dias é um problema de saúde comum na atenção primária da saude. Em nosso (PSF) Bom Pastor localizado no município de São João Del Rei-MG, após levantamento estatístico, foi constatado que uma de cada 8 consultas e só para a renovação de receita de benzodiazepínicos, para um 12.12% do total das consultas. Os prejuízos financeiros, econômicos e sociais produto do uso crônico dessas drogas são consideráveis, além das pessoas que ficam dependentes dos (BZD) e dos que podem em alguma etapa da sua vida apresentar síndrome de abstinência quando tentam deixar o uso dos mesmos. O Plano de Intervenção foi elaborado a partir dos passos do planejamento estratégico situacional e após reunião de equipe na UBS que determinou a grande importância do uso e abuso excessivo dos (BZD) e sua repercussão nos usuários. Visa ainda, colocar em prática uma "cartilha" criada com base na literatura atual disponível que registre os efeitos colaterais e as consequências do uso e abuso dos (BZD), ao final espera-se que com essa proposta de intervenção reduza o número de usuários crônicos dessas drogas

Redução das dislipidemias nos usuarios da unidade de saúde Hilton Francisco de Paula de São Domingos em Santa Margarida - MG

As Dislipidemias, também chamadas de hiperlipidêmicas, referem-se ao aumento dos lipídios (gordura) no sangue, principalmente do colesterol e dos triglicerídeos, a produção desregulada de colesterol o organismo dos seres humanos pode apresentar sérios problemas, como a obstrução das paredes do vaso sanguíneo, denominado aterosclerose que está ligada ao aumento do colesterol no sangue. As doenças ateroscleróticas vêm causando mortalidade no Brasil, tendo a dislipidemia como um dos principais fatores de riscos. Este cenário preocupante impõe a necessidade de medidas inovadoras, que mudem a lógica atual de uma rede de serviços voltada ao atendimento do agudo para uma rede de atenção às condições crônicas, devendo ser propostas ações resolutivas para a sua redução e controle e, consequentemente, das diversas patologias associadas a ela. Essa proposta de intervenção surge como tentativa de redução das dislipidemias nos usuários da Unidade básica de Saúde Hilton Francisco de Paula de São Domingos- Santa Margarida/MG. Para tanto foi realizado revisão bibliografia baseadas em livros e revista e materiais cientificamente aprovados e divulgados no meio eletrônico. Espera-se que seja ma ferramenta importante no controle dos problemas dislipidêmicos na população assistida, contribuindo para sua qualidade de vida

Estratégia educativa para a prevenção de parasitoses em pacientes pediátricos de 1 a 12 anos

Parasitoses intestinais são doenças que estão intimamente relacionadas às condições sanitárias e representam um importante problema de saúde pública em países em desenvolvimento. Estudos mostram as crianças como alvo de infecção parasitária devido a hábitos de higiene e saúde não suficientemente consolidados, o que as predispõem aos sintomas mais significativos podendo gerar, impactos sociais e econômicos. Geralmente predominam em zonas rurais e periferias das grandes cidades, locais onde é mais comum habitar pessoas de menor poder aquisitivo e nível cultural mais baixo. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo propor um plano de intervenção com vista a redução de índice de parasitose na comunidade do distrito rural de "ARACATI do município Cataguases, Minas Gerais". Para tanto é necessário que seja elaborado uma estratégia de intervenção individual e coletiva, de modo a alterar condições de saúde dessa população, devendo-se fortalecer o vínculo do sistema de saúde com os portadores de parasitoses e incentivar a adoção de medidas higiênicas-sanitárias adequadas e o tratamento de água destinado ao consumo humano. É de grande importância que haja um processo continuo de conscientização, empoderar o paciente, tornando-o crítico e protagonista de seu processo saúde-doença. Nas casas, as atividades preventivas propostas são a implementação de medidas de saneamento básico e programas contínuos de prevenções, visando a educação sanitária, acompanhamento rotineiro das infecções parasitarias bem como participação e verificação da eficácia do tratamento preconizado. Inicialmente as medidas serão tomadas na área de abrangência, por meios de parcerias Inter setoriais, como escolas. Espera-se que as crianças tenham um crescimento e desenvolvimento ideal

Falha terapêutica em hipertensos e diabéticos na UBS Luis Vieira Timóteo, em Campo Alegre-AL

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) são osprincipais fatores de riscopara as doenças cardiovasculares, as quais, atualmente, são as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade no mundo (29,2% da mortalidade). Devido a alta prevalência, a cronicidade, aos altos custos com internações hospitalares e ao alto grau de incapacitação por invalidez e aposentadoria precoce, a HAS e o DM2 são considerados graves problemas de saúde pública. Apesar de serem condições clínicas plenamente controláveis, o índice de falha terapêutica é alto, fato que aumenta o risco de complicações agudas e crônicas. Dessa forma o presente estudo objetivaidentificar os fatores que contribuem para uma má adesão à terapia proposta pela equipe de saúde nestes pacientes e a partir desse conhecimento elaborar um projeto de intervenção para a resolução de tal problema

Proposta de intervenção para contribuir na prevenção da hipertensão arterial sistêmica na UBS Luis Luna Torres em Piranhas, Alagoas

A Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sinaliza que a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é um grave problema de saúde no mundo e demanda um tratamento adequado e para o resto da vida, no sentido de alcançar o controle da pressão arterial, a redução na incidência ou postergação da ocorrência de complicações cardiovasculares, além da melhoria da qualidade de vida do portador. Pesquisas recentes apontam que intervenções não farmacológicas no manejo da HAS, complementares ao tratamento, são cada vez mais relevantes na prática clínica. Conforme dados coletados na Unidade Básica de Saúde (USB) Luiz Luna Torres, no município Piranhas/AL, foram atendidos 432 pacientes hipertensos no ano 2014. O presente estudo objetivou elaborar um plano de intervenção que possa contribuir para prevenção da HAS em usuários da USB Luís Luna Torres, no município Piranhas/Alagoas. Para fundamentar o plano foi feita pesquisa na base de dados da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Google Acadêmico com os descritores: Hipertensão, Fatores de risco e Estilo de vida. Também se pesquisou na Biblioteca Virtual do Núcleo de Educação em Saúde Coletiva (NESCON) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e documentos da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Piranhas. Pretende-se promover educação em saúde com atividades educativas à população com riscos de hipertensão, vislumbrando promover estilos e hábitos de vida saudáveis, além de uma comunidade com mais conhecimento, consciente e comprometida com seu processo de saúde. A intervenção contempla ainda, ações que visam à organização no processo de trabalho da Equipe de Saúde da Família, na perspectiva de prestar um atendimento eficiente e eficaz a população acometida pela HAS.

[yoga And The Promotion Of Health].

The scope of this paper is to analyze the self-declared symptoms and state of well-being of participants in the Yoga and Promotion of Health program, which consisted of hatha yoga lessons. It includes body exercises and breathing techniques, as well as ethical and philosophical content, administered to two groups of lecturers, workers and students of a public university in the State of São Paulo from August to December 2011 and March to June 2012. The participants filled out the adapted version of the Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile form at the beginning and end of the program. Of the 20 participants in Group 1, eight filled out the form and half of them reported the improvement of self-declared symptoms; as regards the state of well being, three of them felt they had improved. In Group 2, which also had 20 participants, nine completed the program and all of them reported improvements of self-declared symptoms and well-being. In conclusion, yoga is a mind-body practice which exerts an important therapeutic effect on most practitioners and also promotes health for the majority of them, expanding their capacity of self perception and self care. However, it should be noted that it doesn't achieve the same positive effect for all practitioners as some yoga traditions advocate.

[impact Variables On The Decline In Infant Mortality In The State Of São Paulo, Brazil: 1998-2008].

This is an ecological, analytical and retrospective study comprising the 645 municipalities in the State of São Paulo, the scope of which was to determine the relationship between socioeconomic, demographic variables and the model of care in relation to infant mortality rates in the period from 1998 to 2008. The ratio of average annual change for each indicator per stratum coverage was calculated. Infant mortality was analyzed according to the model for repeated measures over time, adjusted for the following correction variables: the city's population, proportion of Family Health Programs (PSFs) deployed, proportion of Growth Acceleration Programs (PACs) deployed, per capita GDP and SPSRI (São Paulo social responsibility index). The analysis was performed by generalized linear models, considering the gamma distribution. Multiple comparisons were performed with the likelihood ratio with chi-square approximate distribution, considering a significance level of 5%. There was a decrease in infant mortality over the years (p < 0.05), with no significant difference from 2004 to 2008 (p > 0.05). The proportion of PSFs deployed (p < 0.0001) and per capita GDP (p < 0.0001) were significant in the model. The decline of infant mortality in this period was influenced by the growth of per capita GDP and PSFs.

Estimated Disability-adjusted Life Years Averted By Long-term Provision Of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods In A Brazilian Clinic.

What is the contribution of the provision, at no cost for users, of long acting reversible contraceptive methods (LARC; copper intrauterine device [IUD], the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system [LNG-IUS], contraceptive implants and depot-medroxyprogesterone [DMPA] injection) towards the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) averted through a Brazilian university-based clinic established over 30 years ago. Over the last 10 years of evaluation, provision of LARC methods and DMPA by the clinic are estimated to have contributed to DALY averted by between 37 and 60 maternal deaths, 315-424 child mortalities, 634-853 combined maternal morbidity and mortality and child mortality, and 1056-1412 unsafe abortions averted. LARC methods are associated with a high contraceptive effectiveness when compared with contraceptive methods which need frequent attention; perhaps because LARC methods are independent of individual or couple compliance. However, in general previous studies have evaluated contraceptive methods during clinical studies over a short period of time, or not more than 10 years. Furthermore, information regarding the estimation of the DALY averted is scarce. We reviewed 50 004 medical charts from women who consulted for the first time looking for a contraceptive method over the period from 2 January 1980 through 31 December 2012. Women who consulted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Campinas, Brazil were new users and users switching contraceptive, including the copper IUD (n = 13 826), the LNG-IUS (n = 1525), implants (n = 277) and DMPA (n = 9387). Estimation of the DALY averted included maternal morbidity and mortality, child mortality and unsafe abortions averted. We obtained 29 416 contraceptive segments of use including 25 009 contraceptive segments of use from 20 821 new users or switchers to any LARC method or DMPA with at least 1 year of follow-up. The mean (± SD) age of the women at first consultation ranged from 25.3 ± 5.7 (range 12-47) years in the 1980s, to 31.9 ± 7.4 (range 16-50) years in 2010-2011. The most common contraceptive chosen at the first consultation was copper IUD (48.3, 74.5 and 64.7% in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, respectively). For an evaluation over 20 years, the cumulative pregnancy rates (SEM) were 0.4 (0.2), 2.8 (2.1), 4.0 (0.4) and 1.3 (0.4) for the LNG-IUS, the implants, copper IUD and DMPA, respectively and cumulative continuation rates (SEM) were 15.1 (3.7), 3.9 (1.4), 14.1 (0.6) and 7.3 (1.7) for the LNG-IUS, implants, copper IUD and DMPA, respectively (P < 0.001). Over the last 10 years of evaluation, the estimation of the contribution of the clinic through the provision of LARC methods and DMPA to DALY averted was 37-60 maternal deaths; between 315 and 424 child mortalities; combined maternal morbidity and mortality and child mortality of between 634 and 853, and 1056-1412 unsafe abortions averted. The main limitations are the number of women who never returned to the clinic (overall 14% among the four methods under evaluation); consequently the pregnancy rate could be different. Other limitations include the analysis of two kinds of copper IUD and two kinds of contraceptive implants as the same IUD or implant, and the low number of users of implants. In addition, the DALY calculation relies on a number of estimates, which may vary in different parts of the world. LARC methods and DMPA are highly effective and women who were well-counselled used these methods for a long time. The benefit of averting maternal morbidity and mortality, child mortality, and unsafe abortions is an example to health policy makers to implement more family planning programmes and to offer contraceptive methods, mainly LARC and DMPA, at no cost or at affordable cost for the underprivileged population. This study received partial financial support from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), grant # 2012/12810-4 and from the National Research Council (CNPq), grant #573747/2008-3. B.F.B., M.P.G., and V.M.C. were fellows from the scientific initiation programme from FAPESP. Since the year 2001, all the TCu380A IUD were donated by Injeflex, São Paulo, Brazil, and from the year 2006 all the LNG-IUS were donated by the International Contraceptive Access Foundation (ICA), Turku, Finland. Both donations are as unrestricted grants. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest associated with this study.

[gait Speed, Grip Strength And Self-rated Health Among The Elderly: Data From The Fibra Campinas Network, São Paulo, Brazil].

The article seeks to investigate patterns of performance and relationships between grip strength, gait speed and self-rated health, and investigate the relationships between them, considering the variables of gender, age and family income. This was conducted in a probabilistic sample of community-dwelling elderly aged 65 and over, members of a population study on frailty. A total of 689 elderly people without cognitive deficit suggestive of dementia underwent tests of gait speed and grip strength. Comparisons between groups were based on low, medium and high speed and strength. Self-related health was assessed using a 5-point scale. The males and the younger elderly individuals scored significantly higher on grip strength and gait speed than the female and oldest did; the richest scored higher than the poorest on grip strength and gait speed; females and men aged over 80 had weaker grip strength and lower gait speed; slow gait speed and low income arose as risk factors for a worse health evaluation. Lower muscular strength affects the self-rated assessment of health because it results in a reduction in functional capacity, especially in the presence of poverty and a lack of compensatory factors.

[diet Quality And Associated Factors Among The Elderly: A Population-based Study In Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil].

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of diet among the elderly and associations with socio-demographic variables, health-related behaviors, and diseases. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 1,509 elderly participants in a health survey in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. Food quality was assessed using the Revised Diet Quality Index (DQI-R). Mean index scores were estimated and a multiple regression model was employed for the adjusted analyses. The highest diet quality scores were associated with age 80 years or older, Evangelical religion, diabetes mellitus, and physical activity, while the lowest scores were associated with home environments shared with three or more people, smoking, and consumption of soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The findings emphasize a general need for diet quality improvements in the elderly, specifically in subgroups with unhealthy behaviors, who should be targeted with comprehensive strategies.

Behavioral Changes Caused By Austrodiplostomum Spp. In Hoplias Malabaricus From The São Francisco River, Brazil.

Traira (Hoplias malabaricus) is a neotropical fish that is widely distributed in freshwater environments in South America. In the present study, we documented the occurrence of metacercariae of Austrodiplostomum spp. (Diplostomidae) in the eyes and cranial cavity of H. malabaricus and described parasite-induced behavioral changes in the host. The fish were collected from the upper São Francisco River, in the Serra da Canastra mountain range, Minas Gerais, transported alive to the laboratory, observed for 2 weeks, and subsequently examined for parasites. Of the 35 fish examined, 28 (80 %) had free metacercariae in the vitreous humor (mean intensity=95.4; mean abundance=76.3), and 24 (68.57 %) had free metacercariae in the cranial cavity, mainly concentrated below the floor of the brain, at the height of the ophthalmic lobe (mean intensity=12.91; mean abundance=8.85). Specimens of H. malabaricus with a high intensity of infection in the brain displayed changes in swimming behavior.

A New Species Of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-ribeiro, 1926 (anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) From Northwestern State Of São Paulo, Brazil.

A new species of Pseudopaludicola is described from human-altered areas originally covered by Semideciduous Forest in northwestern state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Morphologically, the new species differs from four species belonging to the P. pusilla group by the absence of either T-shaped terminal phalanges or toe tips expanded, and from all other congeners except P. canga and P. facureae by possessing an areolate vocal sac, with dark reticulation. The higher duration (300-700 ms) of each single, pulsed note (9-36 nonconcatenated pulses) that compose the call in the new species distinguishes it from all other 14 species of Pseudopaludicola with calls already described (10-290 ms). Absence of harmonics also differ the advertisement call of the new species from the call of its sister species P. facureae, even though these two species presented unexpected low genetic distances. Although we could not identify any single morphological character distinguishing the new species from P. facureae, a PCA and DFA performed using 12 morphometric variables evidenced significant size differences between these two species. 

The Use Of Medication And Associated Factors Among Adults Living In Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil: Differences Between Men And Women.

The objective of this study was to verify factors associated with the use of medication by adults, with emphasis on the differences between men and women. It was a population-based, cross-sectional study with cluster sampling conducted in two stages in Campinas in the state of São Paulo in 2008. Among the 2,413 individuals aged 20 or older, the prevalence of use of at least one drug in the three days before the research was 45.4% (95% CI: 41.3 - 49.4) in men and 64.6% (95% CI: 59.8 - 69.2) in women. For adult men over 40 years old who were not working, former smokers, with one or more chronic diseases, with two or more health problems and who sought health care or a health professional in the two weeks preceding the research showed higher prevalence of medication use. Among women, a higher prevalence of use was observed in females over 40, obese, former smokers, who reported a short sleep pattern, with one or more chronic diseases and two or more health problems, and who reported seeking a health care service or professional in the past 15 days. The findings showed some differences in the determinants of drug use in relation to gender, revealing the greater importance of health-related behavior among women.

Equity Of Access To Pap Smears: Population-based Study In Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

To determine the prevalence of the Papanicolaou exam among women aged 20 to 59 years in the city of Campinas (state of São Paulo, Brazil) and to analyze associations between this test and affiliation to private health insurance plans as well as socioeconomic/demographic variables and health-related behavior. To do so, a population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out. Statistical analyses took the study design into account. Despite the significant socioeconomic differences between women with and without private health plans, no differences between these groups were found regarding having been submitted to the Papanicolaou test. In fact no differences were found as to socioeconomic and health variables analyzed. Among all variables analyzed, only marital status was significantly associated with having undergone the test. The Brazilian public health system accounted for 55.7% of the exams. The present findings indicate social equity in the city of Campinas regarding the preventive exam for cervical cancer in the age group studied.