William Beaumont Large

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El sistema fiscal de la Real Caja de Quito (1817-1822)

Las líneas administrativas de la constitución de Cádiz fueron acatadas en Quito en medio de un saturado despliegue de políticas absolutistas. El texto constitucional reclamado por casi todos los sectores de la política hispana, tanto en la península como en América, provocaba un giro administrativo íntegro. La reforma administrativa y fiscal derivada de la carta gaditana se puso en marcha de forma inmediata por parte del gobierno de Aymerich y la mayor parte de los sectores de la sociedad, a pesar del estado de guerra con el ejército colombiano.

Uncertainty in the estimation of potential evapotranspiration under climate change.

21st century climate change is projected to result in an intensification of the global hydrological cycle, but there is substantial uncertainty in how this will impact freshwater availability. A relatively overlooked aspect of this uncertainty pertains to how different methods of estimating potential evapotranspiration (PET) respond to changing climate. Here we investigate the global response of six different PET methods to a 2 °C rise in global mean temperature. All methods suggest an increase in PET associated with a warming climate. However, differences in PET climate change signal of over 100% are found between methods. Analysis of a precipitation/PET aridity index and regional water surplus indicates that for certain regions and GCMs, choice of PET method can actually determine the direction of projections of future water resources. As such, method dependence of the PET climate change signal is an important source of uncertainty in projections of future freshwater availability.

Ken Thompson's 6-man Tables

Ken Thompson recently communicated some results mined from his set of 64 6-man endgame tables. These list some positions of interest, namely, mutual zugzwangs and those of maximum depth. The results have been analysed by the authors and found to be identical or compatible with the available or published findings of Karrer, Nalimov, Stiller and Wirth.