904 resultados para Thermodynamics of polymer Blends
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The conductivity of poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) amorphous samples sandwiched between metallic electrodes has been studied as a function of applied voltage, temperature, and electrode material. The voltage (U) dependence of the currents for electric fields within the range 10(3)-10(6) V/cm exhibits exp beta U-1/2 behavior with beta = beta(Schottky) below the glass transition temperature (T-g congruent to 90 degrees C), and beta = beta(Poole-Frenkel) above T-g. Coordinated temperature measurements of de currents with different metallic contacts and thermally stimulated currents (TSC) indicate, however, that the conductivity at T < T-g is consistent with the so-called ''anomalous'' Poole-Frenkel effect rather than the Schottky effect. Consequently, the p-type conductivity in amorphous PPS is proposed to be a bulk-limited process due to ionization of two different types of acceptor centers in the presence of neutral hole traps. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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The aim of this work was to revise the main concepts involved in the physical-chemistry of the sol-gel process. First, the preparation and its influence on the gel's structure are focalized; the sol-gel transition is revised under the thermodynamics of crytical phenomena point of view and by considering the kinetic models of aggregation. Second, the experimental methods usually used to characterize the sol-gel transition are discussed.
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This work deals with a model to interpret pH measurements of solutions of weak rodlike polyacids, in the absence of added salts or titrating base. The polyacid is modeled as a series of point charges discretely distributod in a straight line with a distance of closest approach for the protons and an average distance between dissociable monomers, projected in the polymer chain axis. Aside from these two geometrical parameters, the dissociation constant for the isolated monomer that describes the proton dissociated monomer interaction forms the basis of the model. The assumption of cylindrical symmetry and the adoption of the cell model lead to a form written in terms of elementary functions for the mean electrostatic potential. Values of pH (related to the proton concentration in a region beyond the influence of the polyacid) as a function of polymer concentration are displayed graphically for some values of the geometrical parameters and of the dissociation, constant. Theoretical predictions of pH values as a function of polymeric concentration are compared with measured values for poly-L-glutamic and polygalacturonic acids, and a good agreement is found. Theoretical values for the dissociation degree in terms of polymeric concentration are shown for the two experimentally investigated systems. These values are in a range appreciably smaller than what is usually studied as a result of titration.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)