Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2010: análise dos gols da competição

O futebol é um esporte que movimenta bilhões de pessoas e a Copa do Mundo é a competição que concretiza esse fanatismo pelo futebol. Estudos sobre análises dos gols, das movimentações dos jogadores podem oferecer informações relevantes para técnicos e professores, capazes de influenciar no surgimento e aprimoramento de novas estratégias para o futebol, contribuindo desta forma para a evolução da modalidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar todos os gols e finalizações da Copa do Mundo de futebol de 2010 realizada na África do Sul. Foram registrados todos os gols do campeonato considerando as seguintes variáveis: posição tática na equipe do jogador que fez o gol (atacante, meio campista, defensor ou goleiro); modo e região de onde foi realizado o gol e o número de jogadores envolvidos nos ataques com êxito (gol). As variáveis referentes às finalizações foram divididas em: finalização para fora do gol, finalização no gol, finalização nas traves e no travessão e finalização rejeitada pela defesa, incluindo como finalização o fundamento do cabeceio. Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva para tratamento dos dados com base em médias aritméticas e percentuais. A média de gols por jogo foi de 2,27, sendo que na primeira fase a média foi de 2,10 e na segunda fase 2,75. Ocorreram mais gols no segundo tempo (58%) do que no primeiro tempo (41%) dos jogos. A quantidade de gols com bola em movimento foi 70% maior que os gols com bola parada, os gols de dentro da área foram 52% do total e os atacantes foram responsáveis por 53% dos gols. Nos ataques com êxito, 52% tiveram quatro ou cinco jogadores envolvidos. Em relação às finalizações, 45% foram para fora e 18% foram rejeitadas pela defesa. A captação dos dados deste trabalho e de outros trabalhos existentes na literatura oferece ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Método de pontos interiores no planejamento ótimo do tratamento de câncer por radioterapia

The Medical Physics has been developing very fast due to the progress of the technologies and to the increase of the concerns with cure of diseases. One of the Medical Physics main performances at the present time is the use of ionizing radiations for cancer treatment, especially, services as Radiotherapy. The radiotherapy technique uses ionizing radiation with therapeutic end of cancer controls, avoiding your proliferation and it worsens of the patient. For the treatment a radiation bunch is used, with rectangular form, that it passes through the different types of tissues of the patient's body, and depending on the attenuation and of the depth of the fabrics, a great amount of energy is deposited inside in different points of the body. Like this, to plan this treatment type it should be obtained the dimension of the distribution and dose absorption along the volume. For this, it is necessary in the planning of the treatment of the cancer for radiotherapy to build isodose curves, which are lines that represent points of same amount of dose to be deposited in the area to be treated. To aid the construction of the curves of form isodose to reach the best result in the planning of the treatment, in other words, a great planning, providing the maximum of dose in the tumor and saving the healthy and critical organs, it has been using mathematical tools and computational. A plan of cancer treatment for radiotherapy is considered great when all the parameters that involve the treatment, be them physical or biological, they were investigated and adapted individually for the patient. For that, is considered the type and the location of the tumor, worrying about the elimination of the cancer without damaging the healthy tissue of the treated area, mainly the risk organs, which are in general very sensitive to the radiations. This way, the optimization techniques... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Estudo sobre as unidades de medidas das grandezas físicas básicas: comprimento, massa e tempo

Measurement units are used almost automatically nowadays, but few people know the origin of the units of length (meter), mass (kilogram) and time (second). And do not care to know what were anciently units of which our ancestors used, the difficulties that existed to make a set of measures. The aim of this work is to make a historical approach, through various units of measure. They are old, unusual to others that have been forgotten since the standardization of meters, and is also discussed about the metric system Englih (Once and foot), AV system (eg pound grain) that are still used in some countries like United States and England, the Troy system consisting of units of measure for precious stones and metals (eg gold and diamond) are also cited some physical concepts as reference: inertial, non-inertial; mass: gravity, relativistic, inertial

No final do arco-íris: leprechauns e potes de ouro. A parada LGBT de São Paulo: a visibilidade e a contrapartida para uma igualdade de gênero

Desde 1997, todos os anos muitas pessoas se reúnem na famosa Avenida Paulista, cartão postal da grande cidade de São Paulo, para uma manifestação contra o preconceito e pelo direito civil dos homossexuais. Em todo o mundo essas manifestações se tornaram figura importante do movimento ativista homossexual na luta pelo respeito à diversidade, para abertura de discussões sobre os direitos políticos dos gays, tendo em vista que elas dão maior visibilidade às suas atuações na sociedade. Com o passar dos anos a Parada do Orgulho dos Gays, Lésbicas, Bissexuais e Transgêneros - GLBT de São Paulo tornou-se um fenômeno de público, que desde 2004 ostenta o título de maior parada gay do mundo. Este estudo se utilizará de levantamento de pesquisas e documentos teóricos que tratam da questão, dentro de uma perspectiva qualitativa a respeito da parada, elencando sua importância, seu objetivo, seu interesse e sua militância, na construção de uma educação voltada ao entendimento da diversidade sexual.

Efeito de diferentes concentrações de nutrientes na competição entre Salvinia molesta e Pistia stratiotes

Pistia stratiotes e Salvinia molesta são duas macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes predominantes em ambientes de água parada. Embora as duas espécies em questão ocorram em ambientes com altos níveis de fósforo, P. stratiotes tem seu crescimento limitado por baixas concentrações de nitrogênio e fósforo, enquanto S. molesta se desenvolve bem tanto em águas com baixas como com altas concentrações de nutrientes. Dessa forma, S. molesta tem maior habilidade competitiva do que P. stratiotes em baixas concentrações de nitrogênio e fósforo. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo principal analisar a relação de competição entre P. stratiotes e S. molesta, quando submetidas a diferentes concentrações de nutrientes ao longo do tempo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma casa de vegetação do Jardim Experimental da Unesp de Rio Claro, com duração de 66 dias, no período entre 25 de janeiro e 31 de março de 2008. As duas espécies foram misturadas em proporções iguais de área, em seis unidades experimentais. Em intervalos entre 4 e 7 dias, os nutrientes de cada unidade foram trocados e medidos o pH e a temperatura da água, bem como a massa fresca, massa morta e o comprimento da raiz de cada espécie. Todas as concentrações de nutrientes oferecidas foram suficientes para o bom crescimento de P. stratiotes, a qual venceu a competição, limitando o crescimento de S. molesta por falta de espaço e luz, levando-a à exclusão competitiva. O crescimento de P.stratiotes aumentou à medida que maiores concentrações de nutrientes foram oferecidas. Além disso, a temperatura também parece ter influenciado o crescimento da espécie, sendo esse maior em maiores temperaturas. A parte submersa de ambas as espécies diminuiu ao longo do experimento, devido às maiores ofertas de nutrientes.

Profissão docente, vida decente: um estudo sobre o uso do tempo no cotidiano do magistério dos anos iniciais

This paper presents an approach to time perception in the daily elementary school teachers. The research was conducted with five teachers from the public system of the Rio Claro City, São Paulo State. The methodology chosen for the preparation of the research was based on two factors: literature review and content analysis. For the literature search were used books and scientific articles, as content analysis, based on information collected from responses of teachers, research subjects, the questionnaire prepared by the researcher, also counted with the testimony in the form of narrative of these teachers (P1). In the final considerations points that all respondents have the perception of scarcity of time to carry out numerous tasks related to the practice of teaching. Also highlighted is the fact that all respondents can not separate work and personal life, as many of the jobs are taken home by integrating everyday of individual teachers, that is, their time outside the classroom

Avaliação do tempo e da concentração do condicionamento com ácido fluorídrico sobre a resistência de união entre cerâmica e cimento resinoso

The aim of this study was to verify through microtensile test the influence of time and concentration of surface conditioning with hydrofluoric acid and its interference in the adhesion of dual resin cement to porcelain.We used 32 bodies of glass-ceramic lithium disilicate system IPS e.max Press LT with dimensions of 6mm thick, 8 mm in length and 8 mm in length, which will be molded to obtain composite resin blocks corresponding to blocks ceramics. Ceramic and resin blocks were divided into 16 groups (n = 4) and numbered according to the concentration of hydrofluoric acid (2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) and conditioning time (20 seconds, 40 seconds, 1 minute and 2 minutes). The blocks were cleaned in ultrasonic apparatus with distilled water and dried with compressed air, subjected to acid etching and air-jet washed with water, dried with compressed air and received application of silane agent Monobond-S, followed by adhesive Excite ( Ivoclar Vivaden). Each ceramic block was bonded to the corresponding block of resin through the resin cement Multilink Automix. The specimens were cut to obtain nine micro samples for each set of ceramic-resin with 1 mm X 1 mm X 12 mm in length, which were submitted to microtensile test. The results were analyzed with descriptive statistics and analysis of variance with significance level of 5%, revealing that there were statistically significant (p = 0.000001 <0.05). From the Tukey test can be concluded that etching with hydrofluoric acid and 2.5% for 120 seconds gave the best bond strength, however, no statistical difference between the conditioning with the same acid in the concentration of 5.0% for 20 to 40 seconds

Simulação do tempo de descarga de caminhões graneleiros em uma estação de transbordo de carga em Porto Murtinho, MS

In the current decade, inter modal transport is widely discussed. In Brazil road transport is used in excess whereas there could be more focus and investment towards water transport. Water transport presents many benefits like being low cost and low maintenance. Sea and river ports today aren't capable of supporting Brazil's transport needs. Therefore, with this obstacle, this paper consists of an attempt of modeling and simulation of the process of unloading grain cargo from trucks, through simulation with ProModel software, to verify the necessity of installing more tumblers at the cargo unloading station in Porto Murtinho, MS

Estudo comparativo entre subestações ao tempo e subestações isoladas a gás

In this paper are compared two methods of deploying electrical substations, conventional type, when installed at open areas (Air Insulated Switchgear - AIS), and compact gas-insulated (Gas Insulated Switchgear - GIS) when installed inside buildings. With the expansion of urban centers, areas available for deployment of conventional substations become increasingly difficult to find in these locations. Also due to speculation in urban areas, it becomes feasible to install Gas Insulated Switchgear. This paper presents and evaluates criteria with advantages and disadvantages for application of the two methodologies, aiming to assist in decisionmaking moment of choice in deployment of Electric Power Substations in two scenarios. It is expected that at the end of this work, the criteria evaluated assist in this decision making

Utilização de gonadotropina coriônica equina em protocolos de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo em bovinos de corte

Current cattlemen must seek methods to maximum reproductive efficiency of their beef herds, making the business competitive and enhancing greater profitability. For the cow-calf producers, efficiency translates into more cows producing one calf every year. Fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) is one of several technologies that producers utilize to reach this goal. Postpartum anestrus is one of the biggest obstacles to overcome in order to obtain suitable results at the end of the breeding season. The TAI protocols are efficient in re-establishing cyclicity in noncycling cows during the postpartum period, streamlining the use of labor on farms, allowing the use of artificial insemination (AI) on a large scale, and introducing superior genetics to the herd. The protocols that are most commonly used in Brazil are based on progesterone (P4) releasing devices that prevent premature estrus and ovulation; and estradiol (E2) to synchronize the initiation of a new follicular wave. In such protocols, administration of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) helps the development of the follicle, increases ovulation rate, improves the endocrine and uterine environment during proestrus and diestrus, and improves fertility. The use of eCG in TAI protocols for suckled cows, non-lactating cows and heifers increases the pregnancy rate allowing more calves at the end of the breeding season and higher profitability to the cattlemen

Análise do tempo de ação de medicações intracanais sobre candida albicans, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia cole em canais radiculares

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medications against Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli present in root canals. It was used 24 single root human teeths, contaminated for 28 days and prepared with physiological saline solution as irrigation solution. The teeth were divided into 2 groups according to the intracanal medication used: 1) 2% gel chlorhexidine, 2) sterile and pyrogen free physiological saline solution. Samples were taken of the root canals immediately after instrumentation, 7 days after intracanal medication and 7 days after removal of intracanal medication. For all samples the antimicrobial activity was performed by plating method. All results were submitted to Mann-Whitney and Dunn's test with significance of 5%. There was significant reduction of microorganisms after instrumentation and the intracanal medication of 2% gel chlorhexidine completely eliminated C. albicans and E. coli, and significantly reduced E. faecalis. It was concluded that 2% gel chlorhexidine as intracanal medication for 7 days was effective on microorganisms

Avaliação dos processos de alocação sexual do parasitóide Apanteles galleriae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) em função do tempo de fecundação

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Cálculo do tempo de permanência de um cilindro de laminação em um equipamento de aquecimento por indução durante um processo de têmpera

Induction heating is a process closely linked to the concepts of heat transfer. It also covers electromagnetic induction and effect of film. Many companies use this technology in their processes due to the high accuracy that can be obtained at temperatures induced. However the dominance of this technology is not common among Brazilian industries. This involves complex systems of equation and heat exchange in transient conduction, and convection and radiation losses. With this work we seek the ability to analyze which parameters influence over this process and the order of magnitude of time required for heating a cylindrical part

Caracterização in vitro de técnica biomagnética empregando magnetômetros 3D para avaliar tempo de trânsito esofagiano

The biomagnetic techniques use different magnetic field detectors to measure parameters of the human physiology. Those techniques present the advantage of being noninvasive and radiation free. Among them we can show up the Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID), the Current Alternate Biosusceptometry (ACB) and, more recently, the employment of anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors. Those magnetic sensors have a low cost and good sensitivity to measure different physiological parameters using magnetic markers. The biomagnetic techniques have being used successfully through study on the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent research, the magnetoresistors were used to evaluate the transit time and localization of magnetic sources in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this work is the characterization, with in vitro tests, of a biomagnetic instrumentation using two 3-axis magnetoresistors arranged in a gradiometric coplanar setup to evaluate esophageal transit time, analyze and compare the results of experimental signals and the magnetic theory, as well as evaluate the instrumentation gain with use of tri-axial sensor front to the mono-axial sensor. The instrumentation is composed by two three-axis sensing magnetometers, precision power supply and amplifier electronic circuits. The sensors fixed in a coplanar setup were separate by distance of 18 cm. The sensitivity tests had been carried through using a cylindrical magnet (ø = 4 mm and h = 4 mm) of neodymium-iron-boron (grid 35). The tests were done moving the permanent magnet on the sensors parallel axis, simulating the food transit in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Sistema de cálculo para determinação do tempo de exposição em radioterapia veterinária

Radiotherapy in veterinary practice is already known and widely distributed in large specialized centers of developed countries. In early 2000, there were about 30 radiotherapy equipment specifically designed for the veterinary clinic in the United States. In Brazil, the veterinary radiotherapy is still confined to research in universities, where most of the procedures is radiation therapy performed with superficial x-ray machines, with a voltage between 50 and 150 kVp, focus-distance surface (DFS) between 20,0cm and 40,0cm. As that occurs in human medicine, new research strengthens the development and prospects for the use of radiotherapy as a safe option for treating cancer in animals. This paper presents a methodology for calculating the exposure time for superficial radiotherapy procedures in veterinary medicine for small animals (dogs and cats). The dosimetric parameters of X-rays are determined using a spreadsheet tool for Microsoft Office Excel, developed in this paper for a device Dermopan 2, Veterinary Hospital of UNESP in Araçatuba. Using the worksheet helps the veterinarian to determine the time of exposure to radiation determined for each clinical case, optimize the workflow for professionals in veterinary radiotherapy procedures, which often lack the medical physics in team and at the time of radiotherapy. The correct use of spreadsheet decreases the chances of errors in dose rates of radiation, providing a higher quality of care