911 resultados para Swedish Elementary school
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC
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Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE
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This article aims at analyzing the role of the objects of learning in the propositions for innovation of primary schools during the 20th century, highlighting the changes in the composition of school subjects having in mind the objects that were introduced and marked out as relevant for school modernization and those that remained or were redefined in terms of their finality and uses. The examination of three significant moments of the implementation of innovations in the elementary school is intended: the modernization by the intuitive method at the turn of the century; the propositions of Escola Nova between the 1930s and the 1950s; and the renovation represented by educational technology in the 1960s and 1970s.
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We compared the relationships between acquisition of auditory perception and the acquisition of sonorant consonants spelling in children of the first two grades of elementary school. The comparison was based on a procedure of identifying and writing the same set of words that presented phonological contrasts between them. As to the results, it was found: (1) gradation in the acquisition of subclasses within a larger class; (2) matches and mismatches between the two types of task; (3) increased adjustments in spelling and more mismatches in auditory perception with increasing enrollment. This set of results indicates, therefore, the complexity of the relationships between the acquisition of auditory perception and the acquisition of spelling, since, once contacted, their journey together at the same time promotes links and outcomes between them.
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This article is the result of research that aimed to analyze the presence of black characters in children's literature books selected by the National Program of School Library (PNBE) in 2010. Besides the analysis of the collection of the Program, the research subjects were students of second and fifth years from Public Elementary School in a town in the state of São Paulo. The findings indicated that only eight books addressed to the topic. Students of black ancestry recognized, through interviews and discussions in groups, absence of black characters that could be references for the construction of ethnic identity among other manifestations.
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This study aimed to develop procedures for assessing reading comprehension of words and phrases and characterize the performance of students of 2nd year of elementary school in this procedure. It was divided into two phases: 1) preparation of evaluation tests of reading comprehension, consisting of three events: comprehension of written word (CWW), sentences (CWS) and sentences through pictures (CSP) and 2) application of the elaborated evaluation in 120 students distributed in the following groups: GI, 60 students from a public (municipal) school and GII, 60 students from a private school. The CWW test obtained the highest average of score, followed by CSP and CWS for both groups, since the picture contributes to the comprehension of the meaning either of the word and sentences. The procedure was effective to assess initial skills of reading comprehension once it identified inherent difficulties related to the literacy process.
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Objetivo analisar o conhecimento de professores de ensino fundamental sobre a comunicação de pessoas com transtornos do espectro do autismo, em dois momentos distintos, pré e pós-intervenção. Métodos trata-se de um estudo descritivo comparativo, em que participaram 160 professores de escolas municipais de ensino fundamental, de ambos os gêneros, com idades entre 23 e 65 anos. Para verificar o conhecimento dos professores sobre a comunicação nos transtornos do espectro do autismo, foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário especificamente para este estudo. O instrumento, oferecido aos professores, foi aplicado em dois momentos distintos, pré e pós-intervenção. O procedimento de intervenção constou de dois encontros, de quatro horas cada, conduzidos por fonoaudiólogos e entrega de manual de orientação sobre os transtornos do espectro do autismo, com ênfase em aspectos da comunicação e linguagem. Foram analisadas e comparadas as respostas pré e pós-intervenção. Os resultados foram tratados estatisticamente (p<0,05 e em alguns casos p<0,01; foi utilizado o teste de Qui-quadrado para Proporções). Resultados foi possível observar que os professores apresentavam conhecimento restrito sobre a comunicação nos transtornos do espectro do autismo e sobre esses quadros clínicos de modo geral. Além disso, verificou-se aumento significante de respostas corretas por parte dos professores após a intervenção. Conclusão constatou-se um restrito conhecimento dos professores sobre a comunicação nos transtornos do espectro do autismo e efeitos positivos do procedimento de intervenção, por meio da análise comparativa entre as fases pré e pós-intervenção, que evidenciou aumento significante de respostas adequadas sobre os transtornos do espectro do autismo.
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OBJETIVO: Identificar padrões alimentares e a distribuição dos mesmos, em uma amostra representativa de idosos do município de Botucatu, São Paulo.MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, ocorrido entre março e junho de 2011, com 355 idosos cadastrados na rede básica de saúde do município, selecionados por amostragem estratificada entre as unidades de saúde. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar e questionário sociodemográfico. Padrões alimentares foram identificados utilizando-se análise de componentes principais. Escores de consumo individual foram divididos em tercis, caracterizando a adesão baixa, moderada e alta dos indivíduos para cada padrão alimentar. Realizaram-se análises entre os tercis dos padrões alimentares e as variáveis sociodemográficas.RESULTADOS: Identificaram-se seis padrões alimentares: saudável; lanches e refeição de final de semana; frutas; light e integral; dieta branda; e tradicional. A alta adesão aos padrões saudável e frutas é atingida por indivíduos que cursaram até o primário; e a alta adesão ao padrão lanches e refeição de final de semana é mais prevalente no sexo masculino e em indivíduos com nível máximo de escolaridade. A alta adesão aos padrões light e integral e dieta branda é mais prevalente no sexo feminino, sendo este último padrão também característico de idosos em idade mais avançada.CONCLUSÃO: Identificou-se uma diversidade de padrões alimentares nessa população de idosos e o comportamento alimentar variou de acordo com as condições sociodemográficas inseridas no grupo.
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PURPOSE: To analyze the time between the first symptom and treatment in patients treated for breast cancer in public hospitals in the Federal District. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis. We interviewed 250 women diagnosed with breast cancer treated in six hospitals of the State Department of Health of the Federal District from November 2009 to January 2011. The time intervals studied were the time between the detection of the symptoms and treatment subdivided into intervals until and after the first medical appointment. The variables were: age, menopausal status, color, educational level, average monthly household income, origin, reason for the initial consultation, staging, tumor size, laterality, metastasis to axillary lymph nodes, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and type of surgery. The Mann-Whtney test was used to assess the association of these variables with the time intervals until treatment. RESULTS: The mean age was 52 years, with a predominance of white women (57.6%), from the Federal District (62.4%), with a family income of up to 2 minimum wages (78%), and up to four years of schooling (52.4%). The staging of the disease ranged from II to IV in 78.8% of the women. The time between the first symptom and treatment was 229 days (median). After detection of the first symptom, 52.9% of the women attended a consultation within 30 days and 88.8% took more than 90 days to start treatment. Women with elementary school education had a greater delay to the start of treatment (p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant delay to start treatment of women with breast cancer in public hospitals of the Federal District, suggesting that efforts should be made to reduce the time needed to schedule medical appointments and to diagnose and treat these patients.
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This research aimed to examine the perceptions of students with learning about themselves and to analyze what their representations are about the judgments that their teachers have of them. The subjects of this study were twenty elementary school students with low academic achievement, of both sexes, from a municipal public school in the State of São Paulo in Brazil. A semi-structured interview containing ten questions was performed. Data was transcribed and processed through content analysis and described in relation to its absolute (N) and relative (%) frequencies. The results indicated that the students believe that their teacher has a negative representation of them, as well as nourish low expectations about their performance and academic progress. The study points to the need to consider social relationships established at school and to promote reflection on the importance of these relationships in the teaching-learning process.
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Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC
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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)