Pastiche de identidades: los migrantes representados en el teatro quiteño de la primera década del siglo XXI

En el presente trabajo se revisa la construcción de la identidad de los migrantes ecuatorianos representados en tres obras de teatro: Medea llama por cobrar, de Peky Andino Moscoso; Con estos zapatos me quería comer el mundo, de Jorge Mateus y Pablo Tatés, y Los pájaros de la memoria, de Patricio Estrella. Los personajes dan cuenta de procesos de construcción de la identidad del migrante a partir de las situaciones concretas que viven, la misma que se configura en el lenguaje y en las formas de producción del mismo, es decir, en aquello que va a permitir nombrar la situación a la que se enfrentan, las palabras con las que describen el lugar al que llegan (aquí-ahora), el lugar de origen (allá-entonces). Por lo tanto, para analizarla se revisa la forma de producción verbal, las formas de nombrar el lugar al que llegan y las denominaciones del recuerdo del lugar de origen, así como la posibilidad del regreso.

Política y cultura en el siglo XXI (Tema Central)

El cuestionamiento reiterado hacia los estudios culturales es que han desatendido las relaciones políticas que se producen en la esfera productiva o base económica, porque precisamente en esta última determinación se halla la complejidad de la interpretación de varios discursos y prácticas hegemónicas. Por ello, planteo la revisión crítica de algunos elementos teóricos que relacionen la estética liberal en el ejercicio político de modernización capitalista del gobierno ecuatoriano.

La «política exterior» de Bogotá en el siglo xxi. Agenda política e institucionalidad para la internacionalización (2001-2013)

Convencionalmente, los fenómenos internacionales han sido tratados como un problema casi exclusivo de los Estados nacionales. Las múltiples transformaciones (económicas, políticas, sociales, culturales), profundizadas a finales del siglo XX, implicaron cambios para la disciplina de las relaciones internacionales. Entre otros aspectos, se amplió el abanico de actores relevantes para la disciplina, en virtud de la capacidad de influir en los asuntos internacionales que adquirieron actores públicos de orden subnacional, local o regional, pero también de actores privados y, en general, de la sociedad civil. Este libro discute la condición de actores internacionales de los gobiernos no centrales (GNC) y la posibilidad de que estos desarrollen una especie de «política exterior de Estado local» que no desafíe las prerrogativas exclusivas del gobierno central, pero que se dis tancie de la simple participación internacional ad hoc. Desarrolla un análisis del caso de Bogotá DC (2001-2013), a partir de dos variables: agenda política e institucionalización para la internacionalización, y aplica un modelo de cuantificación discreta sobre el nivel de participación internacional que ha alcanzado la ciudad. Los resultados señalan la importancia creciente de las actividades paradiplomáticas de los GNC, y la necesidad de innovación institucional para una internacionalización estratégica.

A new study on the power distribution of OFDMA, SC-FDMA and CP-CDMA signals

This paper explores a new technique to calculate and plot the distribution of instantaneous transmit envelope power of OFDMA and SC-FDMA signals from the equation of Probability Density Function (PDF) solved numerically. The Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) of Instantaneous Power to Average Power Ratio (IPAPR) is computed from the structure of the transmit system matrix. This helps intuitively understand the distribution of output signal power if the structure of the transmit system matrix and the constellation used are known. The distribution obtained for OFDMA signal matches complex normal distribution. The results indicate why the CCDF of IPAPR in case of SC-FDMA is better than OFDMA for a given constellation. Finally, with this method it is shown again that cyclic prefixed DS-CDMA system is one case with optimum IPAPR. The insight that this technique provides may be useful in designing area optimised digital and power efficient analogue modules.

CP-OQAM-OFDM based SC-FDMA: adjustable user bandwidth and space-time coding

The discrete Fourier transmission spread OFDM DFTS-OFDM) based single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) has been widely adopted due to its lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of transmit signals compared with OFDM. However, the offset modulation, which has lower PAPR than general modulation, cannot be directly applied into the existing SC-FDMA. When pulse-shaping filters are employed to further reduce the envelope fluctuation of transmit signals of SC-FDMA, the spectral efficiency degrades as well. In order to overcome such limitations of conventional SC-FDMA, this paper for the first time investigated cyclic prefixed OQAMOFDM (CP-OQAM-OFDM) based SC-FDMA transmission with adjustable user bandwidth and space-time coding. Firstly, we propose CP-OQAM-OFDM transmission with unequally-spaced subbands. We then apply it to SC-FDMA transmission and propose a SC-FDMA scheme with the following features: a) the transmit signal of each user is offset modulated single-carrier with frequency-domain pulse-shaping; b) the bandwidth of each user is adjustable; c) the spectral efficiency does not decrease with increasing roll-off factors. To combat both inter-symbolinterference and multiple access interference in frequencyselective fading channels, a joint linear minimum mean square error frequency domain equalization using a prior information with low complexity is developed. Subsequently, we construct space-time codes for the proposed SC-FDMA. Simulation results confirm the powerfulness of the proposed CP-OQAM-OFDM scheme (i.e., effective yet with low complexity).

The measurement of self-complexity: A comparison of H and SC measures

Greater self-complexity has been suggested as a protective factor for people under stress (Linville, 1985). Two different measures have been proposed to assess individual self-complexity: Attneave’s H statistic (1959) and a composite index of two components of self-complexity (SC; Rafaeli-Mor et al., 1999). Using mood-incongruent recall, i.e., recalling positive events while in negative mood, the present study compared validity of the two measures through reanalysis of Sakaki’s (2004) data. Results indicated that H statistic did not predict performance of mood-incongruent recall. In contrast, greater SC was associated with better mood-incongruent recall even when the effect of H statistic was controlled.

Retention at room temperature of the tetragonal t ``-form in Sc(2)O(3)-doped ZrO(2) nanopowders

Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction was applied to the study of the effect of crystallite size on the crystal structure of ZrO(2)-10 mol% Sc(2)O(3) nanopowders synthesized by a nitrate-lysine gel-combustion route Nanopowders with different average crystallite sizes were obtained by calcination at several temperatures, ranging from 650 to 1200 degrees C The metastable t""-form of the tetragonal phase, exhibiting a cubic unit cell and tetragonal P4(2)/nmc spatial symmetry, was retained at room temperature in fine nanocrystalline powders, completely avoiding the presence of the stable rhombohedral beta phase. Differently, this phase was identified in samples calcined at high temperatures and its content increased with increasing crystallite size The critical maximum crystallite size for the retention of the mestastable t""-form resulted of about 35 nm (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved

Metastable Phase Diagram of Nanocrystalline ZrO(2)-Sc(2)O(3) Solid Solutions

We have investigated the crystal structures and phase transitions of nanocrystalline ZrO(2)-1 to -13 mol % Sc(2)O(3) by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. ZrO(2)-Sc(2)O(3) nanopowders were synthesized by using a stoichiometric nitrate-lysine get-combustion route. Calcination processes at 650 and at 850 degrees C yielded nanocrystalline materials with average crystallite sizes of (10 +/- 1) and (25 +/- 2) nm, respectively. Only metastable tetragonal forms and the cubic phase were identified, whereas the stable monoclinic and rhombohedral phases were not detected in the compositional range analyzed in this work. Differently from the results of investigations reported in the literature for ZrO(2)-Sc(2)O(3) materials with large crystallite sizes, this study demonstrates that, if the crystallite sizes are small enough (in the nanometric range), the metastable t ``-form of the tetragonal phase is retained. We have also determined the t`-t `` and t ``-cubic compositional boundaries at room temperature and analyzed these transitions at high temperature. Finally, using these results, we built up a metastable phase diagram for nanocrystalline compositionally homogeneous ZrO(2)-Sc(2)O(3) solid solutions that strongly differs from that previously determined from compositionally homogeneous ZrO(2)-Sc(2)O(3), Solid solutions with much larger crystallite sizes.

O modelo federalista na configuração estatal do século XXI e o papel do município.

O ideal federalista é admirado desde há muito. É um modelo que, em teoria, traz unidade e autonomia ao mesmo tempo para qualquer tipo de estado. Mas, ao longo da moderna história humana, podemos ver modificações neste modelo que, algumas vezes, representaram maior centralização e perda de autonomia. Hoje, com novos desafios, ligados especialmente com questões como trazer liberdade e como dar maior poder e participação ao povo, o federalismo experimenta um tipo de renascimento e, talvez, uma possibilidade para a organização da sociedade, indicando o município como um ponto central desta nova configuração.

Greenwashing e as organizações no contexto do séuclo XXI

Este artigo objetiva investigar o greenwashing, suas relações com stakeholders e conexões da comunicação organizacional com práticas ambientais. O método conduzido pelo estudo segue um delineamento exploratório e faz uso de referencial teórico com os eixos temáticos da comunicação organizacional, stakeholders e greenwashing. Os resultados apontam que o conceito de greenwashing não é consensual, mas que tal prática insere-se nas preocupações éticas da comunicação ambiental. Mostram também que o conceito de greenwashing, tradicionalmente atrelado ao campo do discurso, pode ser ampliado para o campo dos stakeholders, para o que se faz necessária a utilização de estratégias específicas em todo processo da comunicação organizacional.