Illinois blue book.

Mode of access: Internet.

Illinois blue book /

Mode of access: Internet.

Investigations of six intermittent streams : (Solomon Creek, Otter Creek, Blue Creek, Kaskaskia Ditch, Steward Creek, and Brushy Creek) : April-September 1980.

"February, 1981."

Soil erosion and sediment transport dynamics in the Blue Creek Watershed, Pike County, Illinois /

"IEPA/WPC/83-004."

Water resource data and preliminary trend analysis for the Blue Creek Watershed Project, Pike County, Illinois : Phase I /

"IEPA/WPC/82-001".

Water resource data and trend analysis for the Blue Creek watershed project : Pike County, Illinois, phase III /

"IEPA/WPC/83-003X."

Regolamento organico del patronato pei liberati dal carcere in Milano : approvato con ossequiato decreto dell'eccelso I.R. governo 4 aprile 1845, numero 11019-883.

Acquisition made accessible thanks to the generous support of the Frederick J. and Margret L. Worden Endowment.

A plea for Africa. A sermon delivered at Bennet Street Church, in behalf of the American Colonization Society, July 4, 1830. ...

Blue printed paper covers.

Discoloration and mineralization of Reactive Red HE-3B by heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction

Discoloration and mineralization of Reactive Red HE-3B were studied by using a laponite clay-based Fe nanocomposite (Fe-Lap-RD) as a heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of H2O2 and UV light. Our experimental results clearly indicate that Fe-Lap-RD mainly consists of Fe2O3 (meghemite) and Fe2Si4O10(OH)2 (iron silicate hydroxide) which have tetragonal and monoclinic structures, respectively, and has a high specific surface area (472m(2) / g) as well as a high total pore volume (0.547 cm(3)/g). It was observed that discoloration of HE-3B undergoes a much faster kinetics than mineralization of HE-3B. It was also found that initial HE-3B concentration, H2O2 concentration, UV light wavelength and power, and Fe-Lap-RD catalyst loading are the four main factors that can significantly influence the mineralization of HE-3B. At optimal conditions, complete discoloration of 100 mg/L HE-3B can be achieved in 30 min and the total organic carbon removal ratio can attain 76% in 120 min, illustrating that Fe-Lap-RD has a high photo-catalytic activity in the photo-assisted discoloration and mineralization of HE-3B in the presence of UV light (254nm) and H2O2. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Degradation of azo-dye Orange II by a photoassisted Fenton reaction using a novel composite of iron oxide and silicate nanoparticles as a catalyst

A novel nanocomposite of iron oxide and silicate, prepared through a reaction between a solution of iron salt and a dispersion of Laponite clay, was used as a catalyst for the photoassisted Fenton degradation of azo-dye Orange II. This catalyst is much cheaper than the Nafion-based catalysts, and our results illustrate that it can significantly accelerate the degradation of Orange II under the irradiation of UV light (lambda = 254 nm). An advantage of the catalyst is its long-term stability that was confirmed through using the catalyst for multiple runs in the degradation of Orange II. The effects of the H2O2 molar concentration, solution pH, wavelength and power of the LTV light, catalyst loading, and initial Orange II concentration on the degradation of Orange 11 were studied in detail. In addition, it was also found that discoloration of Orange 11 undergoes a faster kinetics than mineralization of Orange II and 75% total organic carbons of 0.1 mM Orange II can be eliminated after 90 min in the presence of 1.0 g of Fe-nanocomposite/L, 4.8 mM H2O2, and 1 x 8W UVC.

Sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer: Using local results for estimation of risk to the patient

Background: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is being increasingly used but its place outside randomized trials has not yet been established. Methods: The first 114 sentinel node (SN) biopsies performed for breast cancer at the Princess Alexandra Hospital from March 1999 to June 2001 are presented. In 111 cases axillary dissection was also performed, allowing the accuracy of the technique to be assessed. A standard combination of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, intraoperative gamma probe and injection of blue dye was used in most cases. Results are discussed in relation to the risk and potential consequences of understaging. Results: Where both probe and dye were used, the SN was identified in 90% of patients. A significant number of patients were treated in two stages and the technique was no less effective in patients who had SNB performed at a second operation after the primary tumour had already been removed. The interval from radioisotope injection to operation was very wide (between 2 and 22 h) and did not affect the outcome. Nodal metastases were present in 42 patients in whom an SN was found, and in 40 of these the SN was positive, giving a false negative rate of 4.8% (2/42), with the overall percentage of patients understaged being 2%. For this particular group as a whole, the increased risk of death due to systemic therapy being withheld as a consequence of understaging (if SNB alone had been employed) is estimated at less than 1/500. The risk for individuals will vary depending on other features of the particular primary tumour. Conclusion: For patients who elect to have the axilla staged using SNB alone, the risk and consequences of understaging need to be discussed. These risks can be estimated by allowing for the specific surgeon's false negative rate for the technique, and considering the likelihood of nodal metastases for a given tumour. There appears to be no disadvantage with performing SNB at a second operation after the primary tumour has already been removed. Clearly, for a large number of patients, SNB alone will be safe, but ideally participation in randomized trials should continue to be encouraged.

Iterative quantum computations of HO2 bound states and resonances for J=4 and 5

Bound and resonance states of HO2 have been calculated by both the complex Lanczos homogeneous filter diagonalisation (LHFD) method(1,2) and the real Chebyshev filter diagonalisation method(3,4) for non-zero total angular momentum J = 4 and 5. For bound states, the agreement between the two methods is quite satisfactory; for resonances while the energies are in good agreement, the widths are only in general agreement. The relative performances of the two iterative FD methods have also been discussed in terms of efficiency as well as convergence behaviour for such a computationally challenging problem. A helicity quantum number Ohm assignment (within the helicity conserving approximation) is performed and the results indicate that Coriolis coupling becomes more important as J increases and the helicity conserving approximation is not a good one for the HO2 resonance states.

Serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as markers of sepsis and outcome in patients with neurotrauma and subarachnoid haemorrhage

This prospective study evaluated serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as markers for systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)/sepsis and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Sixty-two patients were followed for 7 days. Serum PCT and CRP were measured on days 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Seventy-seven per cent of patients with traumatic brain injury and 83% with subarachnoid haemorrhage developed SIRS or sepsis (P= 0.75). Baseline PCT and CRP were elevated in 35% and 55% ofpatients respectively (P=0.03). There was a statistically non-significant step-wise increase in serum PCT levels from no SIRS (0.4 +/- 0.6 ng/ml) to SIRS (3.05 +/- 9.3 ng/ml) to sepsis (5.5 +/- 12.5 ng/ml). A similar trend was noted in baseline PCT in patients with mild (0.06 +/- 0.9 ng/ml), moderate (0.8 +/- 0.7 ng/ml) and severe head injury (1.2 +/- 1.9 ng/ml). Such a gradation was not observed with serum CRP There was a non-significant trend towards baseline PCT being a better marker of hospital mortality compared with baseline CRP (ROC-AUC 0.56 vs 0.31 respectively). This is the first prospective study to document the high incidence of SIRS in neurosurgical patients. In our study, serum PCT appeared to correlate with severity of traumatic brain injury and mortality. However, it could not reliably distinguish between SIRS and sepsis in this cohort. This is in pan because baseline PCT elevation seemed to correlate with severity of injury. Only a small proportion ofpatients developed sepsis, thus necessitating a larger sample size to demonstrate the diagnostic usefulness of serum PCT as a marker of sepsis. Further clinical trials with larger sample sizes are required to confirm any potential role of PCT as a sepsis and outcome indicator in patients with head injuries or subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Factors affecting akinete differentiation in Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Nostocals, Cyanobacteria)

1. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a potentially toxic freshwater cyanobacterium which can produce akinetes (reproductive spores) that on germinating can contribute to future populations. To further understand factors controlling the formation of these specialised cells, the effects of diurnal temperature fluctuations (magnitude and frequency), in combination with different light intensities and phosphorus concentrations were investigated under laboratory conditions. 2. Akinete differentiation was affected by the frequency of temperature fluctuations. Maximum akinete concentrations were observed in cultures that experienced multiple diurnal temperature fluctuations. 3. Akinete concentrations increased with increasing magnitude of temperature fluctuation. A maximum akinete concentration was achieved under multiple diurnal temperature fluctuations with a magnitude of 10degreesC (25degreesC to 15degreesC). 4. A fourfold increase in light intensity (25-100 mumol m(-2) s(-1)) resulted in an approximate 14-fold increase in akinete concentration. 5. High filterable reactive phosphorus (FRP) concentrations (> 70 mug L-1) in the medium, combined with a multiple diurnal temperature fluctuation of 10degreesC, supported the development of the highest akinete concentration.

The physical and surface chemical characteristics of activated carbons and the adsorption of methylene blue from wastewater

Adsorption of a basic dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solutions onto as-received activated carbons and acid-treated carbons was investigated. The physical and surface chemical properties of the activated carbons were characterized using BET-N-2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and mass titration. It was found that acid treatment had little effect on carbon textural characteristics but significantly changed the surface chemical properties, resulting in an adverse effect on dye adsorption. The physical properties of activated carbon, such as surface area and pore volume, have little effect on dye adsorption, while the pore size distribution and the surface chemical characteristics play important roles in dye adsorption. The pH value of the solution also influences the adsorption capacity significantly. For methylene blue, a higher pH of solution favors the adsorption capacity. The kinetic adsorption of methylene blue on all carbons follows a pseudo-second-order equation. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.