Adesão terapêutica anti-hipertensiva de usuários do PSF Pedra Azul, Contagem, Minas Gerais

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica tem alta prevalência e baixas taxas de controle, ocupa lugar de destaque no contexto epidemiológico e é fator de risco para doenças decorrentes de aterosclerose e trombose, que se manifestam, predominantemente, por doença isquêmica cardíaca, cerebrovascular, vascular periférica e renal. O controle está diretamente relacionado ao grau de adesão do paciente ao regime terapêutico. Este estudo tem o objetivo de promover a adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo pelo usuário assistido pela Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família Pedra Azul, município de Contagem, MG, através da elaboração de um plano de intervenção por meio do Método de Planejamento Estratégico Situacional. Espera-se aumentar a adesão dos pacientes hipertensos ao tratamento e desenvolver ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças secundárias, pela equipe de saúde

Plano de intervenção para melhorar a adesão terapêutica dos pacientes com depressão maior, na Unidade Básica de Saúde José Cavalcante de Araújo de Camaragibe - Alagoas

As síndromes depressivas são atualmente reconhecidas como um problema prioritário de saúde pública. Este trabalho se justifica pelo elevado número de pacientes com transtorno psiquiátrico (45 pacientes), sem adesão terapêutica e pelo risco aumentado de complicações e suas consequências. O objetivo é propor um plano de ação para melhorar a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento e medicamentos usados pelos usuários com depressão maior. Para a efetivação dos objetivos, buscou-se elaborar um plano de intervenção, utilizando-se o método do Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES) segundo Campos, Faria, Santos (2010) e pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados da LILACS e SciELO. Utilizou-se os descritores em Ciências da Saúde como: Adesão a diretivas antecipadas, agentes antipsicóticos, saúde mental, avaliação em enfermagem e enfermagem psiquiátrica . Com base nas informações sobre a situação de saúde, foram definidos nós críticos a serem trabalhados por meio de uma intervenção para aumentar a taxa de adesão e reduzir o número de usuários que estão com acompanhamento médico errado, definindo fluxo adequado de cuidado e de ações preventivas e por fim, garantir atendimentos de qualidade além de aumentar a qualidade de vida.

Cauterização de verrugas genitais com ATA: a implantação desta terapêutica na ESF

O HPV induz lesões na pele e mucosas e é transmitido, na maioria das vezes, pela prática sexual. É uma DST extremamente comum, principalmente em mulheres entre os 15 e 25 anos, nas quais a prevalência pode chegar a 75%. Por estar estreitamente relacionado ao câncer de colo de útero e a outros cânceres, seu diagnóstico precoce, tratamento e avaliação complementar são de extrema importância para a diminuição da morbimortalidade da pessoa infectada por este vírus. Este trabalho tem como objetivo introduzir a prática de cauterizar os condilomas acuminados na própria ESF, assim como enfatizar as atividades educativas que busquem informar sobre os riscos desta DST e prevenir a sua ocorrência, assim como diminuir as taxas de encaminhamentos desnecessários.

Falha terapêutica em hipertensos e diabéticos na UBS Luis Vieira Timóteo, em Campo Alegre-AL

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) são osprincipais fatores de riscopara as doenças cardiovasculares, as quais, atualmente, são as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade no mundo (29,2% da mortalidade). Devido a alta prevalência, a cronicidade, aos altos custos com internações hospitalares e ao alto grau de incapacitação por invalidez e aposentadoria precoce, a HAS e o DM2 são considerados graves problemas de saúde pública. Apesar de serem condições clínicas plenamente controláveis, o índice de falha terapêutica é alto, fato que aumenta o risco de complicações agudas e crônicas. Dessa forma o presente estudo objetivaidentificar os fatores que contribuem para uma má adesão à terapia proposta pela equipe de saúde nestes pacientes e a partir desse conhecimento elaborar um projeto de intervenção para a resolução de tal problema

Promovendo a adesão terapêutica anti - hipertensiva na Estratégia Saúde da Família Lagoa Grande, município de Minas Novas - Diamantina - Minas Gerais

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é uma das principais causas de mortalidade no mundo, em que cerca de 60 a 80% dos casos podem ser tratados na rede básica, principalmente em decorrência de eventos cardiovasculares. Sua prevalência varia conforme a região pesquisada. Dentre os fatores de risco se incluem a obesidade, tabagismo, estresse, uso excessivo de álcool, sedentarismo e hábitos alimentares incorretos. O tratamento se baseia em medidas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas. Por se tratar de doença muitas vezes assintomática, o tratamento é frequentemente negligenciado. O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um plano de intervenção para implantação de um programa de adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo pelos pacientes em acompanhamento na Estratégia Saúde da Família Lagoa Grande, município de Minas Novas. Apresentamos uma revisão bibliográfica e análise de evidências científicas sobre hipertensão arterial sistêmica, bem como ações de saúde junto aos hipertensos, considerando a singularidade de cada um. Desta forma acreditamos que a adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo torna-se necessário visando à intervenção no sentido de modificar o estilo de vida do grupo de hipertensos e a aderência ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo pelos pacientes em acompanhamento na Estratégia Saúde da Família Lagoa Grande, município de Minas Novas.

[consensus Of The Brazilian Society Of Rheumatology For The Diagnosis, Management And Treatment Of Lupus Nephritis].

To develop recommendations for the diagnosis, management and treatment of lupus nephritis in Brazil. Extensive literature review with a selection of papers based on the strength of scientific evidence and opinion of the Commission on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus members, Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. 1) Renal biopsy should be performed whenever possible and if this procedure is indicated; and, when the procedure is not possible, the treatment should be guided with the inference of histologic class. 2) Ideally, measures and precautions should be implemented before starting treatment, with emphasis on attention to the risk of infection. 3) Risks and benefits of treatment should be shared with the patient and his/her family. 4) The use of hydroxychloroquine (preferably) or chloroquine diphosphate is recommended for all patients (unless contraindicated) during induction and maintenance phases. 5) The evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment should be made with objective criteria of response (complete remission/partial remission/refractoriness). 6) ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs are recommended as antiproteinuric agents for all patients (unless contraindicated). 7) The identification of clinical and/or laboratory signs suggestive of proliferative or membranous glomerulonephritis should indicate an immediate implementation of specific therapy, including steroids and an immunosuppressive agent, even though histological confirmation is not possible. 8) Immunosuppressives must be used during at least 36 months, but these medications can be kept for longer periods. Its discontinuation should only be done when the patient achieve and maintain a sustained and complete remission. 9) Lupus nephritis should be considered as refractory when a full or partial remission is not achieved after 12 months of an appropriate treatment, when a new renal biopsy should be considered to assist in identifying the cause of refractoriness and in the therapeutic decision.

Effect Of Concurrent Training With Blood Flow Restriction In The Elderly.

The aim of this present study was to investigate on the effects of concurrent training with blood flow restriction (BFR-CT) and concurrent training (CT) on the aerobic fitness, muscle mass and muscle strength in a cohort of older individuals. 25 healthy older adults (64.7±4.1 years; 69.33±10.8 kg; 1.6±0.1 m) were randomly assigned to experimental groups: CT (n=8, endurance training (ET), 2 days/week for 30-40 min, 50-80% VO2peak and RT, 2 days/week, leg press with 4 sets of 10 reps at 70-80% of 1-RM with 60 s rest), BFR-CT (n=10, ET, similar to CT, but resistance training with blood flow restriction: 2 days/week, leg press with 1 set of 30 and 3 sets of 15 reps at 20-30% 1-RM with 60 s rest) or control group (n=7). Quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSAq), 1-RM and VO2peak were assessed pre- and post-examination (12 wk). The CT and BFR-CT showed similar increases in CSAq post-test (7.3%, P<0.001; 7.6%, P<0.0001, respectively), 1-RM (38.1%, P<0.001; 35.4%, P=0.001, respectively) and VO2peak (9.5%, P=0.04; 10.3%, P=0.02, respectively). The BFR-CT promotes similar neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory adaptations as CT.

Ressonância magnética e características clínicas em adultos com doenças desmielinizantes monofásicas: encefalomielite aguda disseminada ou uma variante da esclerose múltipla?

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a widespread monophasic inflamatory disease affecting the central nervous system, that usually follows an infection or vaccination. In this study, we present an analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and clinical aspects in four patients with clinical diagnosis of ADEM. The presence of MRI demyelinating lesions was crucial, but not in itself sufficient for definitive diagnosis. Clinical and MRI follow up, in order to exclude new lesions and to reevaluate the former ones, as well as CSF, were important for the differential diagnosis with other demyelinating diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis. In addition, we have shown that early treatment with methylprednisolone after the initial symptoms was effective for improving clinical manifestations as well as for reducing MRI lesions.

Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of patients with aseptic meningoencephalitis and connective tissue disorders

OBJECTIVE: To describe the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of patients with chronic and recurrent aseptic meningitis.METHOD: A retrospective study of five patients with aseptic meningoencefalitis diagnosed by clinical and CSF findings. CT scans showed without no relevant findings. RESULTS: MRI showed small multifocal lesions hyperintense on T2 weighted images and FLAIR, with mild or no gadolinium enhancement, mainly in periventricular and subcortical regions. Meningoencephalitis preceded the diagnosis of the underlying disease in four patients (Behçet´s disease or systemic lupus erythematosus). After the introduction of adequate treatment for the rheumatic disease, they did not present further symptoms of aseptic meningoencephalitis. CONCLUSION: Aseptic meningoencephalitis can be an early presentation of an autoimmune disease. It is important to emphasize the role of MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.

Respostas cardiopulmonares agudas de mulheres no treinamento de força

OBJETIVE: Investigate the cardiopulmonary responses of one strength training session in young women. METHOD: Twenty-three women aged between 18 and 29 years participated in this study. All the volunteers were submitted to the following tests: cardiopulmonary and one-repetition maximum (1-RM). The strength training protocol had emphasis on muscular hypertrophy, three sets from eight to twelve repetitions under 70% of 1-RM, with a one minute thirty-second break between sets. During the training session, the cardiopulmonary variables were measured with a metabolic gas analyzer and a telemetry module. RESULTS: The results of the oxygen consumption in the training session were from 8.43 + 1.76 ml/kg/min and of the heart rate of 108.08 + 15.26 bpm. The results of the oxygen consumption and of the heart rate in the training were lower (p < 0.01) than in the ventilatory threshold and of the oxygen consumption and the heart rate reserves. CONCLUSION: The obtained data show that the present protocol of strength training provided low overload to the cardiopulmonary system of young women.

Avaliação dos tipos de glaucoma no serviço de oftalmologia da UNICAMP

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency of different types of glaucoma at the Hospital das Clínicas of Campinas State University. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 329 patients followed at the Glaucoma Service of Campinas State University from October 1 to December 20, 2000. The frequency of each type of glaucoma and the treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 329 patients examined at the Glaucoma Service: 132 (40.1%) were referred to the service as glaucoma suspects and 197 (59.9%) as glaucoma patients. Ninety of the 132 glaucoma suspects had glaucoma (68.2%) and 42 are still under investigation (31.8%). Among the 329 patients, 283 (86%) had glaucoma, 42 (12.8%) were glaucoma suspects, 2 (0.6%) had ocular hypertension and 2 (0.6%) did not have glaucoma. There were 530 eyes with glaucoma: 298 (56.2%) with primary open angle glaucoma, 108 (20.4%) with chronic angle closure glaucoma, 21 (4%) with glaucoma following cataract surgery, 19 (3.6%) congenital glaucoma and 16 (3%) with low-tension glaucoma. All patients received initial clinical treatment with IOP-lowering medication. After a mean follow up of 10.5 months, 89 (16.8%) underwent laser therapy: 72 (13.6%) iridotomy, 7 (1.3%) trabeculoplasty and 10 (1.9%) panphotocoagulation. A hundred and seventy nine (33%) eyes required surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: The most frequent types of glaucoma were primary open angle and angle closure glaucoma. Low tension glaucoma and glaucoma associated with exfoliation syndrome were uncommon in this population.

Comportamento visual e perfil socioeconômico e demográfico de recém-nascidos prematuros da Maternidade do Hospital das Clínicas de Pernambuco - UFPE

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the behavior of premature newborns in the first year of chronological age. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, bound to a longitudinal study titled: Comparison of visual behavior on the first quarter of year of life of premature nursling born at two maternities of Recife/PE. The sample was composed by 52 premature newborns selected from June, 2007 to June, 2008 from the Maternity of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE). Biological, socioeconomic and demographic data was collected through medical records and interviews with progeny. Newborns were evaluated by the Assessment Guide of Visual Ability in Infants. RESULTS: Most of the newborns were male at a gestational period between 33 weeks and 36 weeks and 6 days, showed a good visual behavior development for the age researched, and most of the families showed good socioeconomical and demographic profile. Besides, it was possible to detect ocular signs in 19% of sample, that were referred to an Ophthalmology Service. CONCLUSION: This study results point out the method like an important key in the early detection and visual screening for premature nursling since the first month of life and it led us to believe that clinical view for occupational therapy intervention must be focused not only on biological risks but also at the influence environment in newborn performance.

Derivação ventriculoperitoneal com válvula no tratamento da hidrocefalia infantil

From December-1965 to November-1969, 95 hydrocephalic infants have been operated upon using ventriculoperitoneal shunt with valve (88 cases with a Spitz-Holter valve, 6 cases with a Hakim valve and one case with a Pudenz-Heyer valve). Up to the present time (December, 1970) a total of 54 children are alive with a compensated hydrocephalus and 9 patients died, being impossible to follow-up the 32 remaining cases. The use of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt has eliminated all cardiovascular-pulmonary complications and reduced the number for surgical revisions. Besides, infections involving the draining system are less severe and more easily controlled than those occurring in the ventriculoatrial shunts. After analysis of the surgical techniques as well as complications and results the following conclusions are stated: 1) the use of a valve in the ventriculoperitoneal shunt difficults the oclusion of the peritoneal end of the draining system; 2) good results can be expected without reoperations in about 42,35% of hydrocephalus cases treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt with valve; 3) ventriculoperitoneal shunts with valve showed better results when compared to ventriculoatrial shunts. This statement is made comparing two groups of hydrocephalic infants submitted to surgery at the same Service and in the same conditions, with the same follow-up period; 4) the cases presented permit to state that at present time the ventriculoperitoneal shunt with valve is the most suitable surgical procedure for hydrocephalus.

Candidíase sistêmica com localização encefálica: estudo anátomo-clínico de cinco casos

Central nervous system involvement in Candida septicaemia is rare and not more than four cases have been published in Brazil. Five new cases of systemic candidiasis with cerebral lesions are reported. All patients (four adults and a child) had serious underlying diseases and were submitted to heavy long-term antibiotic therapy with multiple drugs. Seizures in one case and neck stiffness in another were the only neurologic signs that could be attributed to candidiasis. In no case were the lesions severe enough to be considered an immediate cause of death. In three patients, no macroscopic changes were evident in the brain, but microabscesses and granulomata were observed on microscopical examination; another patient had two gross areas with necrotic and haemorrhagic appearance in the cerebral hemispheres; the child had only two microscopic granulomata. The aetiological agent was demonstrated by Grocott's methenamine silver technique in all cases. Involvement of organs other than the central nervous system could be demonstrated in three autopsies. Discussion is confined mainly to such aspects as the contributory factors in the pathogenesis of systemic candidiasis as well as the marked rise in the incidence of this condition in the past few decades. It is suggested that the frequence of monilial septicaemia in Brazil may be far more serious than apparent from the scarcity of reported cases.

Treinamento concorrente : efeito sobre marcadores inflamatórios sistêmicos e indicadores funcionais em homens de meia idade

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física