Possibilidades de exploração da história da ciência na formação do professor de matemática: mobilizando saberes a partir da obra de Nicolau Copérnico de revolutionibus orbium coelestium

This study aims to analyze the implications that the knowledge of an important work for the History of Science, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium , by Nicholas Copernicus, can bring for the formation of Mathematics professors. The study focuses on Book I of Copernicus s work, where, in the final part, is found the Table of the Subtense Straight Lines in a Circle, a true sine table constructed by the author. The study considers two theoretical references, the History of Science and of Mathematics, in the professor s formation searched amongst others in Miguel and Miorm, Brito, Neves and Martins, and Radford, and the necessary teaching knowledge professors mst have, on the basis of Gauthier, Schulman and Imbernón amongst others, through which it is established a net of knowledge grouped in dimensions such as mathematical, psycho pedagogical, cultural and practical diversity, that guide the study analysis. In the search for more necessary elements to enrich the analysis, beyond the theoretical research in Book I, it is carried through, with under graduation pupils, future Math professors, the construction of a sine table following the project used in De revolutionibus . The study still makes a description of the life and work of Nicholas Copernicus, detaching the historical context where the author lived and the conceptions about the Universe existing at that time. The research reveals that the studied work is an important source of culture, able to provide to the Mathematics professor in formation, beyond the conceptual and procedural mathematical knowledge, a cultural knowledge that allows him to be opened to the knowledge of other areas that not his specific area, and so to acquire knowledge about the world history, the development of sciences and of the society

Os currículos praticados no cotidiano da EJA: regulações e emancipações na Escola Centro Educacional Dr. Pedro Amorim

This research has as its object of study practiced in the daily curriculum of Youth and Adults in their midst and considered discussion of the concepts of knowledge as regulation and emancipation. The camp of our research relates to the knowing / doing the teachers of this modality of education, in the Escola Centro Educacional Dr. Amorim-CEPA, the city of Assú/RN and is articulated to the emerging desire to understand how cooperating teachers have thought, organized and practiced the curriculum in order to consider the many complex situations that are present in everyday school life. Our tour was guided by the need to study the relationship between the regulated curriculum and practiced in everyday adult education, as well as to understand, from the knowing / doing of the teachers, the conceptions that guide their teaching practices and, therefore, reflect on this Reality curriculum in order to better signify then. In this sense, we turn to the fundamentals of qualitative research, adopting the procedures of documentary research, participant observation and semi-structured interview, which allowed us to enter a universe of complex dimensions, senses, and that add significant difference, because the forms of use of various practitioners are and unique, in that enroll in school life and define their brand identities. The predominance of a traditional teaching practice nature by a process of training and teaching experience, the lines of flight, volatilities and inventiveness promoted by the circumstances of everyday life are some of the conclusions we draw from the data collected. This reality, we infer that the practice of teachers varies between regulation and emancipation, being this time, many challenges to be faced, namely the process of continuing education, the conceptual understanding of the subject curriculum and the existence of relational different knowing / doing produced, used and created in/from the school routine of Youth and Adults

A produção biopolítica do corpo saudável: mídia e subjetividade na cultura do excesso e da moderação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

A Produção biopolítica do corpo saudável: mídia e subjetividade na cultura do excesso e da moderação

Recognizing the plans left by Foucault as legitimate, for those that the struggle to fight against all forms of way of life subjection takes an important role on human being existence, this thesis questions the impacts of body planning on health specialized media on the production of the contemporary subjectivity. Having the Saúde! magazine as this thesis empirical field, it discusses the subjectivity processes centered on the realization of many bodily practices destined to a perfect body self-construction, finding suitable conditions for a narcissistic development of the new ways of social regulation on hypermodern societies. Our central argument, refering to a specific reflection about the body, media and subjectivity, is that the body promoting over the health specialized media makes possible the creation of new existential territories, configuring the healthy body bio-political production by a subjectivity process open to experimenting and to self-invention. Bodily subjectivity process centered on body self-construction, simultaneously generating human subjectivity singularization and massification, evidencing escape routes to build a body health existential perspective. In this thesis we seek to point not only the historically hegemonic forms of being healthy, but mainly the forces that nowadays question these forms, making possible the thought of other ways to live the health of the body, starting from the subjectivity singularization

A dimensão social do desenho: um estudo sobre as interações no processo de (re) construção imagética da criança no Ensino Fundamental

In the historical-cultural perspective, the drawing is processed by means of a shared and complex way, under diverse relations with the other and with the immersed signs of the culture. That is, something constituted by the social interactions and that can modify the structure of the psychological functions, therefore as socialized sign, propitiates the incorporation of the functions socially. In this way, the figuration carrier sensitive and established meanings historically disclosing the shared experiences and the ways of the subject to think and perceive the world. Such reflections gave shape to the main problem of this research: how to think over about the drawing at the school to incide in the reconstruction of the childs imaginative language? Under such perspective, this work deals with the interactions in the production process of the drawing of the children in a context of teach-Iearning of the elementary school having as goal to analyze the interactions established in the cIassroom in the process of production of the drawings; to propose situations of learnings that favor the advance graphical expression of the students; and to identify in the interactive games some relations between body expression and drawing. For its accomplishment, it was opted for the construction process based in the collaborative investigation by the fact to propitiate negotiations, sharing and confrontation of ideas, becoming possible a joint construction of the knowledge. For this research, the researcher and the collaborating teacher, as well as the involved children, become themselves into co-authors of the context studied. As locus of the research, it was chosen a first cycle class, with 30 students, from Municipal School Profª. Emília Ramos (Natal/RN - Brazil), whose election took in account the fact of this school to constitute in a promotional space of reflections and professional development of teachers in service and, at the same time, for presentinglimitations theoretic- methodological in the field of teaching for Arts. In the process of the research, it was perceived that the children with the support of the verbal language formulates meanings on the seen and imagined object, printing lines and forms that if overlap to the physiological aspects of the visual perception. That is, the drawing discloses a reality appraised, enriched for the picked up vision of the image, but the meanings established for the author, or observer who becomes it perceivable and identified. In the systemizing situations, it was observed that the teaching-Iearning process of the drawing, implies a co-construction between teachers and learners. And, moreover, the necessity to interlace emotion and cognition by means of plastic-corporal interactions that foment drawing experiences, whose process concurs for the imagenative reconstruct of the apprentices

Desempenho de híbridos de milho submetidos a diferentes espaçamentos e densidades populacionais

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de espaçamentos entre linhas e densidades populacionais, nos componentes de produção e na produtividade de grãos, em dois híbridos de milho (Zea mays). O experimento foi conduzido na safra 2006/2007, em Latossolo Vermelho eutrófico típico, textura argilosa, em Jaboticabal, SP. O delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso foi composto por 24 tratamentos com parcelas subsubdivididas. As parcelas principais foram constituídas por três espaçamentos entre linhas (0,40, 0,60 e 0,80 m), as subparcelas, por dois híbridos e as subsubparcelas, por quatro densidades populacionais (30 mil, 50 mil, 70 mil e 90 mil plantas por hectare). Foram avaliadas as variáveis: altura de planta e altura da inserção da primeira espiga, diâmetro de colmo, número de grãos por espiga, massa de 1.000 grãos, produtividade de grãos e índice de colheita. A produtividade do milho aumentou com a redução do espaçamento entrelinhas para os híbridos avaliados. O incremento na densidade populacional de milho resultou em aumentos na altura das plantas e na altura da inserção da primeira espiga e em redução do número de grãos por espiga. O melhor arranjo de plantas para os híbridos avaliados é de 0,40 m de espaçamento entre linhas e de 75 mil e 80 mil plantas por hectare de densidade populacional.

O processo de trabalho e a composição técnica do trabalho do enfermeiro no cuidado à saúde da criança em unidades de saúde da familia

With the trajectory that the problems related to child health are taking in our society, particularly with regard to infant mortality, beyond the process of decentralization of health and the implementation of the Family Health Strategy in the cities, where it has increased considerably performance of nursing staff in Primary Health Care, they can be considered essential factors for reflections on the care of nurse dispenses the health of these children. In order to check how it is organized the working process of the nurse in caring for these children in USFs as well as the difficulties found in the dynamics of this work, this research aimed to analyze the work processes of nurses in care Child Health in USFs, with emphasis on technologies used in producing care. This is a research exploratory and descriptive with qualitative approach, based on the theoretical reference in about Work Process and Composition Technique of Work. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews of 11 nurses who, at the moment, perform their functions for more than 01 year at USF. The guiding questions were based at theoretical reference. To analyze the results, was used the referential of content analysis, and was refer to thematic analysis. In situations that were involved closed questions of the interview, was used the aid of SPSS 15.0 program for Windows. The results indicated that the process of nurse work in health care of children, focuses on the preventive character, whose focus of the actions are healthy children, following the routines and protocols established by the Ministry of Health with a view to maintaining health them. When analyzing the data through theoretical references of Composition Technique of Work found that the core technologies of daily tasks of the nurse are directed for the use of technology soft-hard and hard, and the reason established between the Dead Working and Alive Working, there is prevalence of the first against the second in the production of this care. These situations contribute to the explanation of the emergence problems related to adhesion of mothers / caregivers to monitoring the CD, due to character prescriptive and normalizer of actions. The results also suggested the presence of "vanishing lines" in the make of nurses, confirming the self-governance of health professionals in daily work. These "vanishing lines" express the own execution of the Work Live in action, guided by the use of soft technologies, however, was not characterized as a process of technology transition. So, to get a better resolution to the problems related to child health, the nurse has reorganize your work process by focusing on the execution of work live in action.

Economic analysis of cucumber and lettuce intercropping under greenhouse in the winter-spring

A análise econômica complementa a avaliação da eficiência dos cultivos consorciados, considerando além da produção física das culturas, o preço dos produtos segundo sua classificação qualitativa e época do ano. Avaliou-se economicamente consórcios de alface crespa e pepino, em duas populações de plantas, no inverno-primavera, em casa de vegetação, em Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil. Foram calculados o custo operacional total (COT), a receita bruta (RB) e o lucro operacional (LO) das culturas do pepino e alface em monocultura e em consórcio. A mão-de-obra foi a componente com maior participação no COT das culturas em consórcio e monocultura. Maiores RB e LO foram observadas nos cultivos consorciados estabelecidos com o transplante da alface e do pepino no mesmo dia, independente da densidade populacional. Considerando-se o lucro operacional e o índice de uso eficiente da área, recomenda-se o cultivo consorciado com transplante da alface até 10 dias após o transplante (DAT) do pepino, com duas linhas, e ao 0 DAT do pepino cultivado com uma linha no canteiro

Produtividade e classificação de brócolos para indústria em função da adubação nitrogenada e potássica e dos espaçamentos entre plantas

No município de Itatiba-SP, no período de março a julho de 2007, foi realizado um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar doses de nitrogênio e potássio e espaçamentos entre plantas na produtividade e classificação de brócolos para indústria. O experimento foi instalado sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com os tratamentos em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, e três repetições, sendo avaliadas as doses de nitrogênio-potássio: 105-105; 157,5-157,5; 210-210; 262,5-262,5 e 315-315 kg ha-1 de N e K2O e os espaçamentos entre plantas: 0,2; 0,3; 0,4 e 0,5 m. O espaçamento entre linhas foi de 0,8 m. Foram avaliados o teor foliar de nitrogênio (TN) e de potássio (TP), produtividade de inflorescência (PI), produtividade de floretes (PF), rendimento industrial (RI) e classificação dos floretes com base em seu comprimento: PF5 (<5 cm); PF57 (>5 e <7 cm); PF79 (>7 e <9 cm) e PF9 (>9 cm). Maiores espaçamentos entre plantas proporcionaram maior TN e menores PI e PF. As doses NK e os espaçamentos entre plantas não influenciaram significativamente o TP e o RI. As maiores produtividades de inflorescências (22,08 t ha-1) e de floretes (17,09 t ha-1) foram obtidas com 0,20 m entre plantas e 315 kg ha-1 de N e de K2O. Maior percentagem de floretes na classe PF5 foi obtida no menor espaçamento entre plantas. As doses NK e os espaçamentos entre plantas não influenciaram as percentagens de floretes nas classes PF79 e PF9.

Desempenho Agronômico de cultivares de milho nos períodos de safra e safrinha

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Densidade populacional e época de plantio no crescimento e produtividade da couve-flor cv. verona 284

To study plant growth and yield of cauliflower, two field trials were carried out: the first spring-summer (Oct. 07, 2006 to Jan. 28, 2007) and the second autumn-winter (Apr. 04, 2007 to Jul. 09, 2007). The experimental design was randomized complete blocks in 4 x 4 factorial design with three replications. The following factors: line spacing (0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 m) and plant spacing (0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 m). The used cultivar was cv. Verona 284. The characteristics, number of leaves by plant, diameter of stem, diameter of inflorescence, inflorescence mass and yield were evaluated. With the reduction in spacing, were observed lower numbers of leaves, stem diameter, diameter and mass of the inflorescence, but there was an increase in yield. The maximum yield (23 t ha(-1)) was obtained with 0.6 x 0.4 m, ie, in higher plant population (41,667, plants ha(-1)).

Características agronômicas e qualidade comercial de cultivares de milho pipoca em alta população

Com o objetivo de identificar cultivares de milho pipoca que se constituam em alternativa viável aos produtores foi conduzido um experimento em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com cinco genótipos de milho pipoca (BRS Ângela, Zélia, IAC 112, IAC 12 e IAC TC-01) e quatro repetições, na safra 2003/2004. O experimento foi instalado em espaçamento entre as linhas de 60 cm, com densidade populacional de 75 mil plantas por hectare. No decorrer do experimento, foram avaliadas características agronômicas e comerciais em condição de campo e de laboratório. A variedade BRS Ângela apresentou maior produtividade, seguida pelos híbridos simples IAC, com Zélia (híbrido triplo) apresentando menor produtividade. O híbrido simples IAC 12 apresentou pior qualidade comercial de pipoca. A produção de grãos está associada positivamente com o número de grãos por espiga e com a massa de 1.000 grãos e negativamente com o teor de Ntotal no grão. A qualidade comercial se correlacionou negativamente com a massa de 1.000 grãos.

Correlação entre medidas paramétricas e não-paramétricas de estabilidade em soja

Foram avaliadas a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade de genótipos de soja (Glycine max L.) segundo a metodologia clássica de Eberhart e Russell e a estabilidade dos mesmos genótipos pela metodologia não-paramétrica de Huhn. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e com 30 tratamentos (genótipos de soja), durante três anos consecutivos. As parcelas experimentais foram constituídas por quatro linhas de cultivo, espaçadas de 0,50 m e com densidade de 25 plantas por metro linear. Como área útil, foram tomadas as linhas centrais, eliminando-se 0,5 m de cada extremidade. A comparação entre as metodologias foi efetuada considerando-se o caráter produção de grãos. Verificou-se correlação de posição significativa dos postos dos genótipos, entre o desvio da regressão e as duas medidas não-paramétricas de estabilidade, porém o mesmo não foi observado entre o coeficiente de regressão e as medidas não-paramétricas (Si(1) e Si(2)). As medidas Si(1) e Si(2) mostraram-se quase que perfeitamente correlacionadas.

Avaliação de cinco seleções de laranjeira 'valência' sobre dois porta-enxertos

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar cinco seleções de laranjeira 'Valência', quanto ao potencial industrial e de consumo in natura com relação às variedades 'Natal' e 'Valência', enxertadas sobre o citrumeleiro 'Swingle' (experimento I) e a tangerineira 'Sunki' (experimento II). Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Estação Experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro (E.E.C.B.)-SP. A implantação dos experimentos foi em fevereiro de 2001, sob espaçamentos de 7,0 m entre linhas e 5,0 m entre plantas (285 plantas/ha) e 7,0 m entre linhas e 3,0m entre plantas (476 plantas/ha), respectivamente, para os experimentos I e II. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, duas plantas por parcela, quatro repetições e 7 tratamentos, constituídos pelas seguintes variedades-copa: 1) 'Natal'; 2) 'Valência'; 3) 'Valência-Don João'; 4) 'Valência-late-Burjasot' IVIA 35-2; 5) 'Valência-Rohde-Red' SRA-36; 6) 'Valência-Temprana' IVIA25; 7) 'Valência Camphell'. A seleção 'Valência late' é a que se destaca por ser a que mais se assemelhou às variedades tradicionais Valência e Natal.

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica de cultivares de cenoura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)