Transnistria – Where to? EPC Policy Brief, 13 March 2014

At the Vilnius summit of the Eastern Partnership in November 2013, Moldova initialled its Association Agreement with the EU, including a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) agreement, and is expected to sign the documents before the end of August 2014. Meanwhile, Russia has increased its presence and pressure in the region, as a consequence of which Armenia declined the AA and DCFTA with the EU and Ukraine, after months of protests and political paralysis, now has part of its territory occupied by Russia. Moldova is no exception to Russian pressure. As the country gets closer to upgrading relations with the EU, Russia has increased its activities in Moldova, including in the autonomous region of Gagauzia and in the breakaway region of Transnistria. Even though the “5+2” negotiations for the settlement of the Transnistria conflict continue, the number of incidents in and around this region have increased. The window of opportunity created by the involvement of Germany in the settlement of the conflict and the restart of the “5+2” negotiations in late 2011 seems to have closed. Given the recent events in the region and in Moldova/Transnistria, including the potential impact of DCFTA and visa liberalisation, Chisinau finds it increasingly difficult to manage the juggling act between its EU commitment and dialogue with Tiraspol. This Policy Brief presents the background, state of play and prospects of the Transnistria conflict while also focusing on the potential impact of Moldova’s Association Agreement with the EU on the settlement of the conflict.

The fiscal compact - Europe's "hard core" based on German economic conditions. OSW Commentary No. 71, 2012-03-07

On 2 March, the leaders of 25 EU member states signed the Treaty on stability, coordination and governance in the economic and monetary union. It will introduce new fiscal constraints and officially vest new competences in the eurozone countries. Thus, their right to coordinate economic policy among them will be sanctioned. So far, the Lisbon Treaty has only provided for organisation of informal Eurogroup meetings, to be attended by representatives of the European Commission. The principles introduced by the compact, if the eurozone countries are really determined to observe its provisions, will create a new way of managing the single currency. Within the next few years, the most indebted countries will have to carry out radical reforms to boost their competitiveness and adjust it to German standards. During this period the Federal Republic of Germany will most probably decide to offer higher loan guarantees to relieve these countries’ budgets. The compact’s political consequences are also of great significance, especially considering how the treaty was finalised. The eurozone states have in fact accepted that the direction for changes will be devised by France and Germany, and the role of European institutions such as the Commission or the Parliament may weaken. From the perspective of eurozone candidate countries, the introduction of the fiscal compact means expanding the scope of conditions they must meet to become members of the single currency area. In the future, a country, in order to adopt the single currency, will have to meet the structural deficit criterion, and also most probably carry out economic reforms such as unifying its fiscal system. These goals will be achieved across the eurozone gradually, in the subsequent stages of the economic governance reform.

Are Germans wasting their savings abroad? CEPS Commentary, 7 April 2016

Germany is running a current account surplus of about 8% of GDP, which means that about one-third of all German savings (equal to 24% of GDP) has to be invested abroad every year. It has become by now almost a cliché that these huge excess savings are being wasted abroad. But this is a popular misconception based on the divergence between the available data on the (cumulated) current account balance (cCAB) of Germany and its net international investment position (NIIP). A closer look at the data actually suggests that the NIIP is probably not measured correctly and that the observed returns on German investment abroad have remained above most domestic returns.

North American Free Trade Agreement : text prepared September 6, 1992.

pt. 1. chapters 1-8 -- pt. 2. chapters 9-22 -- pt. 3. Annex I-VII.

The world narcotics problem [microform] : the Latin American perspective: report, pursuant to H. Res. 267 ...

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc.

Maximiliano : o El desenlace de un imperio; drama histórico en cuatro actos y en prosa /

"Representado por primera vez ... en el teatro Nacional de México la noche del Jueves 3 de Marzo de 1887."

El Cerro de las Campanas, novela histórica.

At head of title: Juan A. Mateos.

Studien über Renaissance-Gärten in Oberdeutschland /

Mode of access: Internet.

Typikon tēs epi tou vounou tou Auxentiou sevasmias Monēs Michaēl tou Archangelou /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Die Meisterwerke der Königl. Gemälde-Galerie zu Cassel : 209 Kunstdrucke nach den Originalgemälden /

Mode of access: Internet.

Slavi︠a︡nskīĭ i vostochnyĭ ornament po rukopisi︠a︡m drevni︠a︡go i novago vremeni /

Added t.p. illustrated in color.

The war for man's soul,

Andreas Dorpalen assisted in editing the English and translating the German part of the manuscript. cf. p. [vii]

Aurangzi̲b /

Series title also at head of t.-p.

Die Grundlagen des Gleisbaues /

Mode of access: Internet.

Ueber den Begriff des wahrhaften Krieges in Bezug auf den Krieg im Jahre 1813. Ein Entwurf für den Vortrag, mit einer Rede verwandten Inhalts herausgegeben.

Mode of access: Internet.