Quantização de partículas com spin

Pós-graduação em Física - IFT

Simulação de Monte Carlo: de modelos de spin à teoria de campos na rede

Pós-graduação em Física - IFT

Uma abordagem de potencial e massa efetiva e a descrição de espaço de fase quântico para tratar sistemas de spins: Caracterizando o tunelamento de spin e propriedades da molécula de Fe8

Pós-graduação em Física - IFT

Ressonâncias planetárias spin-órbita com perturbação de terceiro corpo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Differences between Tethered Polyelectrolyte Chains on Bare Mica and Hydrophobically Modified Mica

This study investigates the structures of layers of amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(t-butyl styrene)-poly- (styrene sulfonate) (PtBS-PSS) adsorbed on both the bare mica surface (hydrophilic) and an octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTE)-modified mica surface (hydrophobic). When the surface is rendered hydrophobic, the nonsoluble block exhibits stronger interaction with the surface and higher adsorbed masses are achieved. Interaction forces between two such adsorbed layers on both substrates were measured using the surface forces apparatus. The effect of salt concentration (Cs) and molecular weight (N) on the height of the self-assembled layers (L0) was examined in each case. The resulting scaling relationship is in good agreement with predictions of the brush model, L0 ∞ N1.0 in the low-salt limit and L0N-1 ∞ (Cs/σ)-0.32 in the salted regime, when adsorption takes place onto the hydrophobized mica surface. For adsorption on the bare mica surface, L0N-0.7 ∞ Cs -0.17 agrees with the scaling prediction of the sparse tethering model. The results suggest that, on the hydrophilic bare mica surface, the adsorbed amount is not high enough to form a brush structure and only very little intermolecular stretching of the tethered chains occurs; in contrast, the presence of the hydrophobic OTE layer increases the tethering density such that the polyelectrolyte chains adopt a brush conformation.

Robust isothermal electric control of exchange bias at room temperature

Voltage-controlled spin electronics is crucial for continued progress in information technology. It aims at reduced power consumption, increased integration density and enhanced functionality where non-volatile memory is combined with highspeed logical processing. Promising spintronic device concepts use the electric control of interface and surface magnetization. From the combination of magnetometry, spin-polarized photoemission spectroscopy, symmetry arguments and first-principles calculations, we show that the (0001) surface of magnetoelectric Cr2O3 has a roughness-insensitive, electrically switchable magnetization. Using a ferromagnetic Pd/Co multilayer deposited on the (0001) surface of a Cr2O3 single crystal, we achieve reversible, room-temperature isothermal switching of the exchange-bias field between positive and negative values by reversing the electric field while maintaining a permanent magnetic field. This effect reflects the switching of the bulk antiferromagnetic domain state and the interface magnetization coupled to it. The switchable exchange bias sets in exactly at the bulk Néel temperature.

Effect of humidity and solvent vapor phase on cellulose esters films

In the present study the effect of relative humidity (RH) during spin-coating process on the structural characteristics of cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose acetate phthalate (C-A-P), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) and carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate (CMCAB) films was investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), ellipsometry and contact angle measurements. All polymer solutions were prepared in tetrahydrofuran (THF), which is a good solvent for all cellulose esters, and used for spin-coating at RH of (35 +/- A 5)%, (55 +/- A 5)% or (75 +/- A 5)%. The structural features were correlated with the molecular characteristics of each cellulose ester and with the balance between surface energies of water and THF and interface energy between water and THF. CA, CAB, CMCAB and C-A-P films spin-coated at RH of (55 +/- A 5)% were exposed to THF vapor during 3, 6, 9, 60 and 720 min. The structural changes on the cellulose esters films due to THF vapor exposition were monitored by means of AFM and ellipsometry. THF vapor enabled the mobility of cellulose esters chains, causing considerable changes in the film morphology. In the case of CA films, which are thermodynamically unstable, dewetting was observed after 6 min exposure to THF vapor. On the other hand, porous structures observed for C-A-P, CAB and CMCAB turned smooth and homogeneous after only 3 min exposure to THF vapor.

Dynamics of doublon-holon pairs in Hubbard two-leg ladders

The dynamics of holon-doublon pairs is studied in Hubbard two-leg ladders using the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method. We find that the geometry of the two-leg ladder, which is qualitatively different from a one-dimensional chain due to the presence of a spin gap, strongly affects the propagation of a doublon-holon pair. Two distinct regimes are identified. For weak interleg coupling, the results are qualitatively similar to the case of the propagation previously reported in Hubbard chains, with only a renormalization of parameters. More interesting is the case of strong interleg coupling where substantial differences arise, particularly regarding the double occupancy and properties of the excitations such as the doublon speed. Our results suggest a connection between the presence of a spin gap and qualitative changes in the doublon speed, indicating a weak coupling between the doublon and the magnetic excitations.

The Ground State Energy per Site of the Quantum and Classical Edwards-Anderson Spin Glass in the Thermodynamic Limit

We derive general rigorous lower bounds for the average ground state energy per site e ((d)) of the quantum and classical Edwards-Anderson spin-glass model in dimensions d=2 and d=3 in the thermodynamic limit. For the classical model they imply that e ((2))a parts per thousand yena'3/2 and e ((3))a parts per thousand yena'2.204a <-.

Inhomogeneous Fermi and quantum spin systems on lattices

We study the thermodynamic properties of a certain type of space-inhomogeneous Fermi and quantum spin systems on lattices. We are particularly interested in the case where the space scale of the inhomogeneities stays macroscopic, but very small as compared to the side-length of the box containing fermions or spins. The present study is however not restricted to "macroscopic inhomogeneities" and also includes the (periodic) microscopic and mesoscopic cases. We prove that - as in the homogeneous case - the pressure is, up to a minus sign, the conservative value of a two-person zero-sum game, named here thermodynamic game. Because of the absence of space symmetries in such inhomogeneous systems, it is not clear from the beginning what kind of object equilibrium states should be in the thermodynamic limit. However, we give rigorous statements on correlations functions for large boxes. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4763465]

Generalized correlation functions for conductance fluctuations and the mesoscopic spin Hall effect

We study the spin Hall conductance fluctuations in ballistic mesoscopic systems. We obtain universal expressions for the spin and charge current fluctuations, cast in terms of current-current autocorrelation functions. We show that the latter are conveniently parametrized as deformed Lorentzian shape lines, functions of an external applied magnetic field and the Fermi energy. We find that the charge current fluctuations show quite unique statistical features at the symplectic-unitary crossover regime. Our findings are based on an evaluation of the generalized transmission coefficients correlation functions within the stub model and are amenable to experimental test. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.235112

Quantum-Critical Spin Dynamics in Quasi-One-Dimensional Antiferromagnets

By means of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T-1(-1), we follow the spin dynamics as a function of the applied magnetic field in two gapped quasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets: the anisotropic spin-chain system NiCl2-4SC(NH2)(2) and the spin-ladder system (C5H12N)(2)CuBr4. In both systems, spin excitations are confirmed to evolve from magnons in the gapped state to spinons in the gapless Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid state. In between, T-1(-1) exhibits a pronounced, continuous variation, which is shown to scale in accordance with quantum criticality. We extract the critical exponent for T-1(-1), compare it to the theory, and show that this behavior is identical in both studied systems, thus demonstrating the universality of quantum-critical behavior.

Stabilization for an ensemble of half-spin systems

Feedback stabilization of an ensemble of non interacting half spins described by the Bloch equations is considered. This system may be seen as an interesting example for infinite dimensional systems with continuous spectra. We propose an explicit feedback law that stabilizes asymptotically the system around a uniform state of spin +1/2 or -1/2. The proof of the convergence is done locally around the equilibrium in the H-1 topology. This local convergence is shown to be a weak asymptotic convergence for the H-1 topology and thus a strong convergence for the C topology. The proof relies on an adaptation of the LaSalle invariance principle to infinite dimensional systems. Numerical simulations illustrate the efficiency of these feedback laws, even for initial conditions far from the equilibrium. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Spin coherence generation in negatively charged self-assembled (In,Ga)As quantum dots by pumping excited trion states

Spin coherence generation in an ensemble of negatively charged (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots was investigated by picosecond time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy measuring ellipticity. Robust coherence of the ground-state electron spins is generated by pumping excited charged exciton (trion) states. The phase of the coherent state, as evidenced by the spin ensemble precession about an external magnetic field, varies relative to spin coherence generation resonant with the ground state. The phase variation depends on the pump photon energy. It is determined by (a) pumping dominantly either singlet or triplet excited states, leading to a phase inversion, and (b) the subsequent carrier relaxation into the ground states. From the dependence of the precession phase and the measured g factors, information about the quantum dot shell splitting and the exchange energy splitting between triplet and singlet states can be extracted in the ensemble.

Structural, morphological, and magnetic characterization of In1-xMnxAs quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy

In this paper, we present a method to order low temperature (LT) self-assembled ferromagnetic In1-xMnxAs quantum dots (QDs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The ordered In1-xMnxAs QDs were grown on top of a non-magnetic In0.4Ga0.6As/GaAs(100) QDs multi-layered structure. The modulation of the chemical potential, due to the stacking, provides a nucleation center for the LT In1-xMnxAs QDs. For particular conditions, such as surface morphology and growth conditions, the In1-xMnxAs QDs align along lines like chains. This work also reports the characterization of QDs grown on plain GaAs(100) substrates, as well as of the ordered structures, as function of Mn content and growth temperature. The substitutional Mn incorporation in the InAs lattice and the conditions for obtaining coherent and incoherent structures are discussed from comparison between Raman spectroscopy and x-ray analysis. Ferromagnetic behavior was observed for all structures at 2K. We found that the magnetic moment axis changes from [110] in In1-xMnxAs over GaAs to [1-10] for the ordered In1-xMnxAs grown over GaAs template. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4745904]