902 resultados para FED-BATCH CULTIVATION


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The soil management system can modify the natural distribution of the soil attributes and, consequently, the variability of the soil aggregation and organic matter content. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the aggregate stability and organic matter content spatial distribution on a Haplic Cambisol under sugar cane cultivation in the Southern Amazonas State, Brazil. A 70 x 70 m square mesh, with regular 10 meters intervals, was designed over the cultivation area, resulting in 64 sample points. Soil blocks with preserved structure were collected at 0.0-0.2 m depth in order to analyze the aggregate stability and organic matter content. The data were submitted to the descriptive and geostatistical analysis. The soil attributes presented a spatial dependence structure and the greater range was observed for the mean weighted diameter and aggregate class <1.00 mm. Also, there is a spatial relation among the mean geometric diameter, mean weighted diameter and aggregate classes (>2.00 and 2.00-1.00 mm).

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The present study was carried out to evaluate the agronomic and technological performance of common-bean crop following three straw mulch production system (sole corn, corn-Urochloa ruziziensis inter-crop and sole U. ruziziensis) and topdressing nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha(-1) of N) in the fourth year after the no-tillage system implementation. A randomized block design, in a splitplot array, with three replications was used. The use of U. ruziziensis intercropped with maize allowed a greater straw mulch formation and a more adequate coverage of the soil surface aiming the beans cultivation in succession. The nitrogen fertilization influenced the common-bean productivity in succession to U. ruziziensis unique and maize intercropped with U. ruziziensis. The common-bean crop in succession to the straw mulch production system with U. ruziziensis allowed higher grain production and sieve yield. The grain cooking time decreased due to the rates of N used in the dry bean crop in succession of maize exclusive.

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According to ABIPA (2009), Brazil is currently among the major producers of reconstituted wood panels, with one of the main factors for this condition, its climate and its large land area, which allows the cultivation of forests, which provide raw materials for these industries. To establish that market as power, Brazil has invested about R$ 1.3 billion in the last 10 years, yet designed an investment of 0.8 billion dollars over the next three years (BNDES, 2008). With the new investments in this segment, we expect a growth of about 66% in the resin consumption of urea-formaldehyde (GPC, 2009) which should also result in major investments by the companies producing this polymer. Currently employees are mainly three types of resins in the production industry panels, as follows: Urea-Formaldehyde Resin (R-UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin (R-MF) and Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin (R-FF). Especially the cost factor, the urea-formaldehyde resin is the most used by companies producing reconstituted wood panels. The UF-R is a polymer obtained by condensation of urea and formaldehyde reactors (usually batch type), characterized by being a thermosetting polymer which makes it very efficient for bonding wood composites. The urea-formaldehyde polymer, to present a quite complex, it becomes very difficult to predict the exact chain resulting in the process of condensation of urea with formaldehyde, so that a greater knowledge of its characteristics and methods for their characterization can result in greater control in industrial processes and subsequent decrease cost and improve the quality of reconstituted wood panels produced in Brazil