Biossistemática do complexo Cryptanthus zonatus (Vis.) Beer

The taxonomic delimitation at the species level in plants is not an easy task due to the large polymorphism of plants. In this project we aimed to evaluate three morphotypes (forms) of Cryptanthus zonatus (Vis.) Beer ( Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae ) described in the literature using fl oral biology and phenology, as well as flo ral morphology and leaf anatomy . These studies were conducted in the Parque Estadual das Dunas de Natal, Rio Grande Norte (RN) and Private Reserve of Natural Patrimony Mata Estrela , in the municipality of Ba í a Form osa. The survey of the phenology of the morphotypes involved monthly specimen observation in the field, during one year. In each visit, we observed the status of flowering and fruiting phenophases of the population of the three forms of C. zonatus . For flo ral biology we sought to evaluate data like: observed floral visitors, nectar volume and concentration, time of anthesis and closing of flowers . Flowers of the three fo rms were collected in the field , analyzed by stereomicroscope, and measurements of the f loral pieces were made with the help of a caliper . Transversal and paradermal sections of the leaves of the three forms were stained and then examined under an optical microscope. Observations of the epidermis under scanning electron microscopy were also conducted. The three m orphotypes could not be sepated based on all evidence investigated. Thus, we conclude that there is not evidences to support the recognition of C. zonatus morphotypes as taxonomic entities, and also that the tools of phenology, anatomy, biology and floral morphology were not useful to delimit these three forms . Yet to characterize better the Flora of Bromeli aceae of RN, the leaf anatomy of Orthophytum disjunctum was also studied. Orthophytum is the sister genus to Cryptanthus and only recently documented in the semiarid of RN. The anatomical comparison between Cryptanthus and Orthophytum allowed the separatio n of both genera based on the arrangement of stomata and thickness of aquiferous parênquima . During the fieldwork, it was still possible to document the first occurrence of Aechmea muricata in RN, inside the Mata Estrela preserve, aiding the understanding of the distribution of the taxon that is currently threatened with extinction.

Influência do horário de trabalho, do gênero e de um programa de educação sobre o sono no ciclo sono/vigília de professores do ensino fundamental e médio

The teaching profession is often associated with extensive workload inside and outside the classroom, poor teaching conditions, among other challenges that can cause sleep problems. These problems may be even greater in women, due to the professional and domestic work hours and to the major sleep necessity. Considering that sleeping problems may result from the practice of poor sleep habits, sleep education programs are conducted with the aim to reduce sleep deprivation, irregularity on sleep schedules, daytime sleepiness and improve sleep quality. In this sense, the objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of working hours, gender and a sleep education program on sleeping habits, quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness and the level of stress in teachers of elementary and secondary education. For that, teachers filled the questionnaires that assessed: 1. Sleeping habits (Sleep & Health), 2. Chronotype (Horne & Ostberg), 3. Daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), 4. Sleep Quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), 5. Level of stress (The Inventory of Stress for Adults of Lipp) and 6. Daily pattern of sleep/wake cycle (Sleep Diary). The questionnaires 1, 4, 5 and 6 were repeated 3 weeks after the sleep education program. Teachers who begin work in the morning (7:11 ± 0:11 h) wake up earlier in the week and often have poor sleep quality compared to those who start in the afternoon (13:04 ± 00:12 h). Among those who begin work in the morning, the intermediate types and those with an evening tendency were more irregular in the wake up time than morning types and increased sleep duration on weekend. In relation to gender, women had longer sleep duration than men, although the majority presented excessive daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality. However, when work schedule and age are similar between genders, the difference in sleep duration becomes a tendency and the difference in the percentage of excessive daytime sleepiness disappears, but the poor sleep quality persists in women. With respect to teachers who have gone through the sleep education program, there was an increase in knowledge about the subject, which may have contributed to the reduction in the frequency of coffee consumption close to bedtime and to the sleep quality improved in 18 % of participants. In the control group, there were random differences in knowledge in 3rd stage, and sleep quality improved in only 9% of teachers. The participation in the sleep education program was not enough to change the hours of sleep and decrease stress of teachers. Therefore, the start time school in the morning was preponderant in determining the wake up time of teachers, especially for intermediates types and those with an evening tendency. Furthermore, the poor quality of sleep was more common in women, and the sleep education program contributed to increase knowledge on the subject and to improve sleep quality.

O ciclo indiano de Marguerite Duras à luz da comparação diferencial: a reconfiguração de um personagem

La présente recherche a pour objectif analyser la reconfiguration d'un personnage dans deux romans et dans un texte dramatique de l’écrivaine française Marguerite Duras, qui font partie du Cicle indien. Ils sont : Le Ravissement de Lol V. Stein (1964), Le vice-consul (1965) e India Song (1975). Adoptant la perspective de la Comparaison Différentielle comme approche littéraire, proposée par Ute Heidmann (2008, 2010, 2012), professeur-docteur de l'Université de Lausanne (Suisse), ce travail cherche étudier le personnage Anne-Marie Stretter présent dans ces trois œuvres. On cherche comprendre de quelle manière se produit la réécriture du personnage à partir de trois axes d'analyse : les modalités de l'énonciation, en considérant l'analyse et la comparaison de l'œuvre littéraire comme un événement énonciatif, partant du concept de la scène d'énonciation, proposé par Dominique Maingueneau (2010) ; les modalités d'inscription générique, étroitement liées aux modalités énonciatives, avec un fondement théorique en Todorov (1980) et Heidmann (2012) ; et les modalités de dialogisme intertextuel et interdiscursif, considérant dans la relation dialogique des nouveaux et différentes propositions de sens. Para la compréhension de cela nous partons de Bakhtine (2010), Kristeva (1974), Todorov (1981) et de l'idée de dialogisme et intertextualité, pour arriver à l'idée d'interdiscours proposée par Heidmann (2010, 2012). À partir de cette étude, nous pouvons observer dans l'œuvre d'un même auteur différentes manières de construction d'un personnage, chacun avec ses spécificités et complexités, variant dans le genre et espaces discursifs. L'intérêt de la comparaison différentielle dans cette étude, partant d'un trait commun entre les trois œuvres, est de rendre visible les différences épistémologiques et les nouvelles propositions de sens.

A relação forma e significado em versões da Bíblia

This paper analyses the texts of two distinct versions of the protestant Bible, namely: Almeida, Revista e Corrigida (ARC) and Nova Tradução na Linguagem de Hoje (NTLH). In this sense, it investigates the linguistic-textual configurations of such versions with the aim of identifying relevant differences between them and the implications for attribution of meaning between the first and the latter. The Bible is a book of historic influence and its importance is not limited only to the religious realm, but is also considered by many as a work of high literary value. It currently remains in full and wide circulation in the historic, religious and cultural contexts. Furthermore, this book gathers important discursive and textual-linguistic aspects worthy of investigation, especially, if the fact of contrasting its different versions is considered. From the two biblical versions (ARC and NTLH), three distinct discursive genres are of interest (poem, parable and epistle), with five texts from each version, resulting in a total of ten texts. In this sense, we are also interested in the various typological sequences involved in the organization of the discursive genres selected, observing if the predominance of such sequences implies in greater or lesser facility/difficulty of comprehension. We also utilized as a support for analysis the reading protocols of diverse informants, taking into consideration the religious beliefs, the level of education and age, with an aim to verify if the formal differences of the selected texts and the social profile of readers could cause possible changes to the process of text comprehension. To carry out the analysis, we used Usage-Based Linguistics (or Cognitive-Functional Linguistics) as a theoreticalmethodological support, which encompasses contributions from the North American functional tradition and cognitive linguistics.

A leitura e a produção textual no ensino fundamental I: uma proposta de como trabalhar com os gêneros textuais

The little interest in reading and the large presence of deviations in writing observed in the texts of students of the 5th grade of a public school in RN, led us to question the motives of this problem. Thus, the idea to organize and develop teaching sequences with a variety of possibilities of reading and production through the text genres. The practice with the textual genres in elementary school extends the use of reading and writing and improves the quality of learning. In this way, the school, as one of the most active spheres in social practices of the language, we justify this work with the use of text genres as facilitators for teaching and learning the mother tongue. For this purpose, we draw as the main objective to talk about the work with textual genres from the development of didactic sequences, as well as encourage students to take a more reflexive attitude toward language and its uses, as discursive social practices. The development of the study with the text genres was made through the application of didactic sequences in the school context of elementary school classes, from 5th grade. Specifically were chosen, the letter, note, music, poetry, fable and the tale. The study is anchored in the reflections of the following theorists and researchers: Bakhtin (2011), Miller (1994), Marcuschi (2008) and Bronckart (1999) on the text genres; Marcuschi (2005) and Dolz and Schneuwly (2004) that approve a teaching-learning proposal focused on textual genres, giving a meaning to language in the construction of the knowledge and Dolz and Schneuwly (2004) regarding the didactic sequence; other theoretical orientations: PCN (1998), Lerner (2005), among others. The methodology followed the action research guidelines, in a qualitative approach perspective. The instruments of research included questionnaire, observations, readings and productions. The results pointed the students' interest in relation to the activities developed in the didactic sequences and consequently improvement in the students‘ own writings. In this sense, we reiterate the need to contamplate in the teaching activities the diversity of texts and genres and, not only due to its social relevance, therefore the student should be able to use the language in various way and adapt their texts to situations of oral and written interlocution.

A docência na educação superior: narrativas das diferenças políticas de sujeitos surdos

Deaf teachers presence at superior education triggers a series of reactions due to cultural differences. They feel the discomfort. The cultural difference defies the established power relations. From that emerge the trading spaces with their constant shocks about problems that affect the deaf teacher participation. The thesis goes through practice, resistance, resilience and political thinking of the deaf teacher at the Superior Education. Authors like: Foucault (2004), Hall (2009), Bhabha (1998), Touraine (2009) and Veiga-Netto (2010) underlie the concept of power relations that permeate this study. Perlin (2003); Ladd (2002) subsidize with the cultural focus. The investigation came from the question: How deaf teachers make their political stands in power relations established to the construction of their narratives at Superior Education? It had the goal of identify and chart the deaf teachers narratives at Superior Education. Leaving from the interview-narrative qualitative approach it was constituted a corpus with the collected narratives. These narratives were identified in order to achieve a thematic map express in the last chapter where the constant facts of the trading spaces of Superior Education shocks unfolds. The results point to an infinity of debates. The deaf teachers do not only present initial conditions of distress, doubt and difficulty at Superior Education, but also the disposition to discuss more the everyday power chains, waged by trading spaces. The identification of the narratives was vitally important to confirm the value of cultural and linguistic recognition as strategy for new politics to the structural power relations at the university context.

Processamento da informação e dislexia : estudo das diferenças do tempo de reacção, atenção e memória entre sujeitos disléxicos e não disléxicos

As teorias do processamento da informação (PI) procuram respostas sobre o modo como o ser humano, processa a informação mentalmente (Cid, 2005). A grande preocupação centra-se na compreensão dos “fenómenos que se passam no interior da caixa negar” (Alves, 1995, pp.32 cit. Cid, 2005). Algures por todo o mundo cerca de 6 a 15%, da população (Nathan, 1979) tem dislexia. Apresentando dificuldades em aprender com problemas gerais de processamento da informação (Fonseca 1999). Nestes casos os fenómenos da “caixa negra” têm uma particular movimentação, e estas diferenças estão patentes 24horas por dia, 7 dias da semana, sendo uma dificuldade de aprendizagem para toda a vida (Frank & Livingston, 2004). Neste estudo verificamos as diferenças do processamento da informação através do tempo de reacção, atenção e memória entre sujeitos disléxicos (D) e não-disléxicos (ND). A amostra geral é constituída por 22 sujeitos de ambos os sexos, distinguida em dois grupos, o grupo de 10 D e 12 ND com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 46 anos de idade (média ± desvio padrão de 25,40 ± 2,71). Os instrumentos de trabalho utilizados para tal propósito, foram os seguintes: o teste de barragem de Toulouse-Piéron (atenção Concentrada); O teste de memória visual Menvis-A (MV2); diversas provas de tempo de reacção (simples e de escolha) e o teste do quadro de Schultz (atenção distribuída). Os principais resultados obtidos indicam que o grupo de D são mais lentos no processamento da informação que o grupo de ND. Os resultados apontam que a atenção concentrada é semelhante entre os grupos, mas quanto à atenção distribuição o grupo de ND tem muito melhor performance que o grupo de D. Relativamente ao armazenam a informação visual a curto prazo o desempenho é semelhante para ambos os grupos. No entanto os ND reagem mais rápido aos estímulos que aparecem que os D, o que se reflecte na tomada de decisão, quando aumentam os estímulos que lhe são apresentados os D demoram mais tempo na tomada de decisão que os ND.

Descosiendo géneros : Canotaje, kayakismo, grupalidad y diversidad en el Centro de Educación Física Nº 67 de Berisso

Este escrito desea "navegar" en la construcción del canotaje y kayakismo en el CEF Nº 67 de Berisso, como una de las extensiones del mismo, pero que tiene la particularidad de ser junto a la gimnasia deportiva y la vida en la naturaleza, las extensiones fundadoras de nuestro CEF de Berisso, allá por el año 1998. Durante más de un cuarto de siglo, la sociedad y la ciudad de Berisso fue cambiandoy en particular la actividad de canotaje y Kayakismo en su organización dentro del CEF 67, la cual fue atravesada por la perspectiva de géneros. Reflexionemos desde esta mirada la enseñanza del kayakismo y el canotaje situándolo desde la diversidad y la apropiación de los cuerpos, que se conciben e inventan al elegir esta actividad recreativa o deporte en su origen, donde se recrean los sentidos y significados sobre la misma

Descosiendo géneros : Tensiones entre las normativas y las prácticas de enseñanzas en Educación Física

En la actualidad se observa como la categoría género se ha instalado no solo como categoría social sino como categoría teórica, esta última como normativa, legitimando prejuicios y estereotipos que entran en tensión con las nuevas prácticas sociales y las normativas que acompañan a estos nuevos procesos civilizadores desde una perspectiva de géneros que atiende a la diversidad y al mismo tiempo a la igualdad en el acceso a los derechos. Adentrando a que somos iguales por ser diferentes e irrumpiendo en que habrá tantas femineidades, masculinidades y sexualidades como sujetos haya. En esta línea de pensamiento, éste escrito pretende describir normativas que promueven y legitiman nuevos conceptos paradigmáticos de ser sujeto/a de derecho, como lo son: Los Nuevos Diseños Curriculares de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La ?ESI?: Ley Nacional N°26.150 de Enseñanza Sexual Integral, Declaración Conjunta N°04/13, resolución N° 2476/13 pautas nuevas condiciones para la organización de la clase de Educación Física, (sobre enseñanza secundaria mixta). Describir reflexiones sobre esta tensión de lo escrito, de lo hecho y los discursos que llevan a cabo en sus prácticas los/las profesoras para facilitar algunas aproximaciones a las contradicciones de promover prácticas en perspectiva de géneros sexistas

Presentación : Transformaciones en las representaciones de los géneros sexuales desde la transición democrática hasta nuestros días

Fil: Bonatto, Adriana Virginia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.

Los géneros textuales en la enseñanza del español como lengua segunda y extranjera. Análisis de materiales de enseñanza

Este trabajo, que se enmarca en la perspectiva del interaccionismo socio-discursivo (Bronckart, 2007), se interesa en los aportes del género textual en tanto herramienta para la didáctica de las lenguas (Schneuwly & Dolz, 2004). En los últimos años, sobre esta base, se han elaborado materiales didácticos en L1 (Dolz, Noverraz & Schneuwly, 2001) y en lenguas segundas (ver revisión en Sánchez, Mosquera, Dolz & Gagnon, 2012). Sin embargo, los géneros textuales en la enseñanza de las lenguas plantean cuestiones teóricas y metodológicas. En efecto, el tratamiento de los géneros primarios y secundarios (Bajtín, 2005) en las clases y en los materiales de enseñanza puede abordarse desde perspectivas diferentes, y puede, en consecuencia, tener implicancias muy diferentes para la progresión de los aprendizajes (Miranda, 2013). En este sentido, en esta contribución, nos proponemos analizar y comparar materiales de enseñanza de español lengua extranjera (ELE) actuales, difundidos en dos contextos geográficos diferentes: Argentina, donde el español es lengua oficial y mayoritaria y Suiza, donde el español es una lengua minoritaria y de la migración, cuyo estudio suscita un interés creciente en los últimos años (El mundo estudia español, 2009). El objetivo del análisis es identificar los géneros textuales trabajados, su tratamiento y sus funciones didácticas en la secuencia de enseñanza, tal como se presentan en los manuales de enseñanza del español L2/LE. Nuestro corpus está constituido por 4 libros de ELE del mismo nivel, dos editados en Europa y dos editados en Argentina. La comparación de los materiales se centrará en las perspectivas de abordaje de los géneros textuales trabajados en los diferentes manuales y en los distintos aspectos desarrollados para su tratamiento en las unidades didácticas. Se discutirán también las implicancias didácticas en cada caso

Descosiendo géneros : Canotaje, kayakismo, grupalidad y diversidad en el Centro de Educación Física Nº 67 de Berisso

Este escrito desea "navegar" en la construcción del canotaje y kayakismo en el CEF Nº 67 de Berisso, como una de las extensiones del mismo, pero que tiene la particularidad de ser junto a la gimnasia deportiva y la vida en la naturaleza, las extensiones fundadoras de nuestro CEF de Berisso, allá por el año 1998. Durante más de un cuarto de siglo, la sociedad y la ciudad de Berisso fue cambiandoy en particular la actividad de canotaje y Kayakismo en su organización dentro del CEF 67, la cual fue atravesada por la perspectiva de géneros. Reflexionemos desde esta mirada la enseñanza del kayakismo y el canotaje situándolo desde la diversidad y la apropiación de los cuerpos, que se conciben e inventan al elegir esta actividad recreativa o deporte en su origen, donde se recrean los sentidos y significados sobre la misma