Long-term creatine supplementation improves muscular performance during resistance training in older women

This study examined the effects of long-term creatine supplementation combined with resistance training (RT) on the one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength, motor functional performance (e.g., 30-s chair stand, arm curl, and getting up from lying on the floor tests) and body composition (e.g., fat-free mass, muscle mass, and % body fat using DEXA scans) in older women. Eighteen healthy women (64.9 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to either a creatine (CR, N = 9) or placebo (PL, N = 9) group. Both groups underwent a 12-week RT program (3 days week-1), consuming an equivalent amount of either creatine (5.0 g day-1) or placebo (maltodextrin). After 12 week, the CR group experienced a greater (P < 0.05) increase (Δ%) in training volume (+164.2), and 1RM bench press (+5.1), knee extension (+3.9) and biceps curl (+8.8) performance than the PL group. Furthermore, CR group gained significantly more fat-free mass (+3.2) and muscle mass (+2.8) and were more efficient in performing submaximal-strength functional tests than the PL group. No changes (P > 0.05) in body mass or % body fat were observed from pre- to post-test in either group. These results indicate that long-term creatine supplementation combined with RT improves the ability to perform submaximal-strength functional tasks and promotes a greater increase in maximal strength, fat-free mass and muscle mass in older women. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Modelo de Marcus, elementos de matriz de tunelamento, efeitos de solvente e controle nuclear em reações de transferência de elétrons

This paper aims to give an initial presentation to physics students of the area of electron transfer, addressing its major aspects. The subject is then presented in an introductory way, highlighting and discussing the key points. Primarily, the problem is approached in a simplified manner through a two-state system, and aspects of calculating the matrix-element are discussed. Then, the electron transfer problem, influenced by nuclear reaction coordinates, is addressed and treated by the Marcus theory. Time scales and the concepts of adiabatic and nonadiabatic phenomena are discussed in the context of electron transfer. The classical, semi-classical and quantum formalisms of for the nuclear reactions coordinates are presented, and aspects of solvents are also discussed. Finally, we conclude by examining some recent examples of problems discussed in the literature.

Phylogeographic Structure And Outbreeding Depression Reveal Early Stages Of Reproductive Isolation In The Neotropical Orchid Epidendrum Denticulatum

Phylogeographic studies provide an important framework for investigating the mechanisms operating during the earliest stages of speciation, as reproductive barriers can be examined among divergent lineages in a geographic context. We investigated the evolution of early stages of intrinsic postmating isolation among different populations and lineages of Epidendrum denticulatum, a Neotropical orchid distributed across different biomes in South America. We estimated genetic diversity and structure for both nuclear and plastid markers, using a haplotype network, differentiation tests, Bayesian assignment analysis, and divergence time estimates of the main lineages. Reproductive barriers among divergent lineages were examined by analyzing seed viability following reciprocal crossing experiments. Strong plastid phylogeographic structure was found, indicating that E. denticulatum was restricted to multiple refuges during South American forest expansion events. In contrast, significant phylogeographic structure was not found for nuclear markers, suggesting higher gene flow by pollen than by seeds. Large asymmetries in seed set were observed among different plastid genetic groups, suggesting the presence of polymorphic genic incompatibilities associated with cytonuclear interactions. Our results confirm the importance of phylogeographic studies associated with reproductive isolation experiments and suggest an important role for outbreeding depression during the early stages of lineage diversification. © 2013 The Society for the Study of Evolution.

Silício na tolerância ao alumínio por plantas de arroz

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sistema inteligente híbrido intercomunicativo para detecção de perdas comerciais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Métodos híbridos de pontos interiores e de programação inteira 0-1 para problemas de custo de colheita da cana-de-açúcar e de custo de coleta e geração de energia relacionados à sua biomassa

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB

Sistema de geração fotovoltaico multifuncional

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB

Efeito de treinamentos resistidos sobre marcadores inflamatórios, força e massa magra corporal de pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aspectos físicos, funcionais e qualidade de vida de pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica após programa de treino resistido com corda elástica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização de mutantes condicionais do gene da desoxi-hipusina sintase em Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Busca de parceiros físicos por duplo-híbrido das proteínas ADAM23 e MX1, codificadas por genes metilados em câncer de cabeça e pescoço

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Peptídeos inibidores de topoisomerases bacterianas: síntese e estudos de transporte através da membrana celular empregando moléculas peptídicas carreadoras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ácido giberélico(GA3) na indução do florescimento de orquídeas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito da imersão de mudas com fertilizante e cupinicida no crescimento de dois clones de eucalipto sob duas condições de umidade no substrato

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Desenvolvimento de um modelo fuzzy para otimização da energia gerada por um sistema híbrido (solar-fotovoltaico e eólico)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA