[ Farmān:jañgbārnā:bījī:mûsāfarinā:tathā:faramān:nāîrobī:mûṁbāsā:pûnā:gûādhar:malīgām(5)nā

Farmāns made by Aga Khan III between February and December 1905 in Zanzibar, Nairobi, Mombasa, Poona and Gwader.

Einfluss von Polymorphismen im IL 1B-Gen und IL 1 RN-Gen, sowie der assoziierten Haplotypen auf die Entwicklung von Magenkarzinomen und deren prämalignen Konditionen

Universität Magdeburg, Dissertation, 2016

Rön, om fiske-plantering i insjöar : ingifwit til Kongl. wetensk. academien år 1761 /

Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 10293.5-1, suppl.

Characteristics of effective clinical and theory instructors as perceived by LPN to RN versus generic students in an associate degree nursing program

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of effective clinical and theory instructors as perceived by LPN/RN versus generic students in an associate degree nursing program.^ Data were collected from 508 students during the 1996-7 academic year from three NLN accredited associate degree nursing programs. The researcher developed instrument consisted of three parts: (a) Whitehead Characteristics of Effective Clinical Instructor Rating Scale, (b) Whitehead Characteristics of Effective Theory Instructor Rating Scale, and (c) Demographic Data Sheet. The items were listed under five major categories identified in the review of the literature: (a) interpersonal relationships, (b) personality traits, (c) teaching practices, (d) knowledge and experience, and (e) evaluation procedures. The instrument was administered to LPN/RN students in their first semester and to generic students in the third semester of an associate degree nursing program.^ Data was analyzed using a one factor mutivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Further t tests were carried out to explore for possible differences between type of student and by group. Crosstabulations of the demographic data were analyzed.^ There were no significant differences found between the LPN/RN versus generic students on their perceptions of either effective theory or effective clinical instructor characteristics. There were significant differences between groups on several of the individual items. There was no significant interaction between group and ethnicity or group and age on the five major categories for either of the two instruments. There was a significant main effect of ethnicity on several of the individual items.^ The differences between the means and standard deviations on both instruments were small, suggesting that all of the characteristics listed for effective theory and clinical instructors were important to both groups of students. Effective teaching behaviors, as indicated on the survey instruments, should be taught to students in graduate teacher education programs. These behaviors should also be discussed by faculty coordinators supervising adjunct faculty. Nursing educators in associate degree nursing programs should understand theories of adult learning and implement instructional strategies to enhance minority student success. ^

The relationship of aptitude, course grades, and program length, to performance on a standards based test (NCLEX -RN)

The purpose of this study was threefold: first, to investigate variables associated with learning, and performance as measured by the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). The second purpose was to validate the predictive value of the Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) achievement exit exam, and lastly, to provide a model that could be used to predict performance on the NCLEX-RN, with implications for admission and curriculum development. The study was based on school learning theory, which implies that acquisition in school learning is a function of aptitude (pre-admission measures), opportunity to learn, and quality of instruction (program measures). Data utilized were from 298 graduates of an associate degree nursing program in the Southeastern United States. Of the 298 graduates, 142 were Hispanic, 87 were Black, non-Hispanic, 54 White, non-Hispanic, and 15 reported as Others. The graduates took the NCLEX-RN for the first time during the years 2003–2005. This study was a predictive, correlational design that relied upon retrospective data. Point biserial correlations, and chi-square analyses were used to investigate relationships between 19 selected predictor variables and the dichotomous criterion variable, NCLEX-RN. The correlation and chi square findings indicated that men did better on the NCLEX-RN than women; Blacks had the highest failure rates, followed by Hispanics; older students were more likely to pass the exam than younger students; and students who passed the exam started and completed the nursing program with a higher grade point average, than those who failed the exam. Using logistic regression, five statistical models that used variables associated with learning and student performance on the NCLEX-RN were tested with a model adapted from Bloom's (1976) and Carroll's (1963) school learning theories. The derived model included: NCLEX-RNsuccess = f (Nurse Entrance Test and advanced medical-surgical nursing course grade achieved). The model demonstrates that student performance on the NCLEX-RN can be predicted by one pre-admission measure, and a program measure. The Assessment Technologies Institute achievement exit exam (an outcome measure) had no predictive value for student performance on the NCLEX-RN. The model developed accurately predicted 94% of the student's successful performance on the NCLEX-RN.

Estudo sobre tratamento térmico e mudança superficial da diatomita de Punaú/RN para o desenvolvimento de um auxiliar de filtração

The diatomite is a natural material that has numerous applications due to changes in their physical and chemical properties after processing. It is currently used in the industry as a sound insulator , filter aid and industrial load . The filter material shall be inert chemical composition , which will diatomite confers a high commercial value and performance not found in other particulate materials , for this application. The diatomite surface undergoes changes after thermal treatment at high temperatures , from 800ºC , with properties that enable its application in the food , beverage , pharmaceutical , cosmetic and textiles . In this work , we developed a study on thermal treatment on natural diatomite to adapt their properties to the application as a filter aid . The heat treatments were performed in an open oven at temperatures of 800ºC , 1000ºC and 1200ºC for a time of 24 hours. Reagents were added in the constitution of the samples analyzed. The reagents used were sodium carbonate (Na2CO3 ) and sodium chloride (NaCl) . The samples were characterized by x - ray diffraction , x -ray fluorescence , scanning electron microscopy , analysis and particle size distribution , specific surface area by the BET method , and pore volume by BJH method. The results showed a reduction in porosity of the material as well as a significant increase in specific surface area after heat treatment and the reactants in the ratio of 3 wt%. The diatomaceous earth , after heat treatment , undergone changes in its coloration , varying in white, cream and beige , which directly interferes with the speed of filtration materials process. All results obtained before and after heat treatment of the material with the values obtained for samples already used industrially , Brazilian and American industry , which were characterized using the same test methods performed with the samples in the study were compared and showed promising efficiency when material studied in the region of Punaú - RN , after processing , reagent addition and heat treatment, as an element in the composition of filter .

O FUNDEF e o FUNDEB como política de financiamento para a valorização do magistério: efeitos na carreira e na remuneração dos professores da rede pública e estadual de ensino do RN.

Este estudio analiza los efectos de la política de financiamiento de la educación básica, por intermedio de los Fundos contables, Fundef y Fundeb, y su proposición en valorar el magisterio, considerando las dimensiones de carrera y de la remuneración de los profesores de la red pública estadal de enseñanza del estado de Rio Grande do Norte, en el período entre 1996 y 2010. Para entender las condicionantes de la evaluación de las políticas públicas, se buscó también las contribuciones de Marx (1996) segundo quién “el concreto es concreto” y que la dialéctica del concreto se puede auxiliar en el intento de captar el fenómeno estudiado. Se utilizó aún, el referencial teórico bibliográfico relacionado al financiamiento de la educación y a la valoración del magisterio, a partir de la literatura referente a las dimensiones del objeto (fundef y Fundeb) y (carrera y remuneración). En la investigación documental, además de las legislaciones, directrices nacionales y locales pertinentes, se utilizaron datos referentes a los recursos disponibles en la Finbra. Tesoro Nacional, SIOPE/RN, INEP/MEC, datos de resumen del folio y folio de pagamiento de Secretaria de Estado, de la Educación e de la Cultura (SEEC), y 289 sueldos de 21 profesores. Se realizó entrevista semi estructurada con nueve profesores, referente a la carrera, además de un cuestionario aplicado a 12 profesores relacionado a remuneración. Se considera que en los resultados referentes a los indicadores educacionales, en el período Fundef ocurrió una reducción en las inscripciones de la red pública de enseñanza, como también en las funciones docentes, de la enseñanza base (fundamental), que corresponde a 37%. A partir de la vigencia del Fundeb (2007 – 2010), estos indicadores fueron puestos en ecuación. En todo el período entre 1996 a 2010, ocurre un aumento en las inscripciones de 119,03% y en las funciones docentes de 77,44%. Sobre los datos de financiamiento, se constató que, del mínimo exigido (60%) en la aplicación de recursos de los Fundos en la remuneración del magisterio se aplica en el período de los dos Fundos, pero el mínimo exigido, o sea, 83,29% a 98,89% de los recursos. Los efectos de los Fundos en la carrera de los nueve profesores, considerando la promoción y la progresión, no han sido satisfactorios. En la promoción de los nueve de estos docentes, apenas uno evolucionó el Nivel (titulación), pero retrocedió en la progresión. En la progresión de los nueve profesores, ocho se hallan con la progresión retrasada, entre dos y cinco clases, acumulando un perjuicio que varía de 10% a 45% en su ganancia. La diferencia de una clase a otra corresponde a 5% en la renta anual. Se observa que las ventajas pecuniarias contribuyen con la remuneración con porcentaje más alto que la renta, disminuyendo esta diferencia en el período de Fundeb. Sobre la remuneración, un profesor con 24 años de carrera, con formación (magisterio), no consigue, después de años de profesión, ganar ni siquiera dos salarios mínimos. El profesor con 30 años de carrera, con maestría, tiene una renta, en 2010, correspondiente a menos de tres salarios mínimos, o sea, 2,82 y una remuneración que equivale a poco más de tres salarios mínimos, o sea, 3,66. Si comparamos la profesión de magisterio con otras que igual exigen formación superior, la primera es, en general, de bajo nivel, causando un resultado negativo sobre la búsqueda de la profesión del magisterio. Por los efectos en la remuneración, se concluye que hubo una mejoría, pero aún insuficiente, sobre todo al comparar con el Salario Mínimo Anual. Se evalúa, una vez que los fundos – Fundef y Fundeb – no fueron capaces de promover la valoración del magisterio en las dimensiones de la carrera y de la remuneración. Se constatan algunos resultados negativos en la política de Fundo ya que tendría que ver, principalmente, con la incapacidad de la referida política a valoración de magisterio, siendo una de las causas, o financiamiento con restricción de presupuesto.

Prevalência e fatores associados à morbidade materna: inquérito populacional em Natal/RN

INTRODUCTION: Severe maternal morbidity , also known as maternal near miss , has been used as an alternative to the study of maternal mortality , since being more frequent shares the same determinants and enables the implementati on of epidem iological surveillance of cases . Since then, hospital audits ha ve been carried out to determine the rates of maternal near miss, its mai n causes and associated factors . More recently, population surveys based on self - reported morbidity have als o been presented as vi able in identifying these cases . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of maternal near miss and complications during pregnancy and puerperal period in Natal/RN. METHODS: A cross - secti onal population - based study was conducted in Natal /RN , Brazil, which has as its target population women aged 15 to 49 years who were pregnant in the last five years. It was carried out a probabilistic sam pling design based on a multi - stage complex sample , in which 60 census tracts were selected from three strata (north , south - east and west). Afterwards, domiciles were visited in order to obtain a sample of the 908 eligible women in whom a questionnaire was applied. The descriptive analyzes and bivariate ass ociations were performed using the Chi - square test and the estimate of the prevalence ratio (PR ) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and considering the weights and design effects . The Poisson regression analysis , also with 5% significance and 95% CI, was us ed for analyzes of associated factors. RESULTS: 848 women were identified and interviewed after visits in 8.227 households corresponding to a response rate of 93 . 4 %. The prevalence of maternal near miss was 41 . 1 /1 000NV, being the Intensive Care Unity stay i ng (19 . 1 /1 000 LB ) and eclampsia (13 . 5/1000LB) the most important marker s . The prevalence of complications in the puerperal peri od was 21 . 2 %, and hemorrhage (10 . 7%) and urinary tract infection (10 . 7%) the most frequently reported clinical conditions and rema in ing in the hospital for over a week after delivery the mo st frequent intervention (5.4%) . Regarding associated factors , the bivariate analysis showed an association between the increased number of complications in women of black/brown race ( PR= 1 . 23; CI95 % : 1 . 04 - 1 . 46) and lower socioeconomic status ( PR= 1 . 33; CI95%: 1 . 12 - 1 . 58) in women who had pre natal care in public service ( PR= 1 . 42; CI95%: 1 . 16 to 1 . 72 ) and that were not advised during prenatal about where they should do the d elivery (PR= 1 . 24; CI95%: 1 . 05 - 1 . 46), made the del ivery in the public service (PR= 1 . 63; CI95%: 1 . 30 - 2 . 03), had to search for more than one hospital for delivery (PR=1 . 22; CI95%: 1 . 03 - 1 . 45) and had no companion during childbirth ( PR =1 . 19; CI95%: 1 . 01 - 1 . 41) or at all times of childbirth c are - before, during and after childbirth - ( PR= 1 . 25, CI95%: 1 . 05 - 1 . 48) . Moreover, the number of days postpartum hospitalization was higher in women who had more complications (P R= 1 . 59 ; CI95%: 1 . 36 - 1 . 86). In the final regression model for both birth place (P R= 1 . 21 ; CI 95% : 1 . 02 to 1 . 44 ) and socioeconomic status (PR = 1.54 ; CI95%: 1 . 25 - 1 . 90 ) the association remained. CONCLUSION : Conducting population surveys using the pragmatic definition of near miss is feasible and may add importa nt information about this ev ent . It was possible to find the expression of health inequalities related to maternal health in the analysis of both socioeconomic conditions and on the utilization of health services.

Uma abordagem ergonômica para análise da qualidade do pescado, desde sua captura ao seu desembarque na praia, resultante da atividade dos jangadeiros de Ponta Negra - Natal/RN

The artisan fishing activity, which involves historical - cultural, environmental, social, political, economi c, among other factors, presents, nowadays, as an important source of income, creating jobs and food, contributing to the permanence of man in their own birthplace. However, the fish, considered one of the most perishable foods, requires a proper handling and conservation, from capture to its availability in the market, in order to slow the deterioration process. Thereby, this dissertation aims to study the effect of the manipulation practices on fish quality, from capture to its landing on the beach, resul ting from fisherman’s activity from Ponta Negra - Natal/RN. It also presents the purpose of analyzing the quality of the fish and propose recommendations for their proper handling and possible solutions to add value to the product, through the improvement of the quality and good handling practices. For this purpose, the methodology used was based on ergonomic analysis of their work through observational techniques and interactional with the focus group, the jangadeiros, to understand their activity and eval uated the freshness and quality of the fish by sensory analysis, and microbiological parameters and physicochemical from existing legislation Ordinance No. 185 of May 13, 1997 and RIISPOA - amended on December 1, 2007 and RDC No. 12, dated January 2, 2001. According to the results obtained in laboratory tests, it can be established, the acceptable quality of fish as the existing rules and regulations parameters , not getting significant deterioration caused by poor handling and improper storage of fish.

Análise de estabilidade de falésias na zona costeira de Baía Formosa - RN

The natural and anthropogenic changes that are occurring at the coastal zone around the world represent the greatest problem to society in this century. This problem becomes more evident due to high density of coastal cities, to growing tourist-estate speculation of those areas and to climate change that tend to trigger and accelerate the erosive processes that operating in the littoral. In this context, it‟s possible perceive ever more a significant increase of problems associated to the coastal erosion and retreat of cliffs in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, where this study area of this search is located. The area is located in the coastal zone of the city of Baía Formosa/RN, in south-eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte, and has a extension of about 1200 meters along the Porto beach. The main objective of this study is to analyze the stability of these cliffs in this region. Through field investigations, testings and computational analysis using the Finite Element Method and Equilibrium Limit Methods. The area was divided into four sections, and were applied checklists, and also realized characterization tests and direct shear tests with materials obtained along these sections. In this manner, it was found that the segments of cliff in this coastal zone have heights around 4 meters to 14 meters and inclinations of approximately 40° to 90°.However the constituents soils of the cliffs were classified, in general terms in accordance to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS), as clayey sands or silty sands, clays of low plasticity, clayey gravels and poorly graduaded sands. The most variegated and clayey soils belong to base of the cliff. The stability analysis showed that the safety factors ranged in section 01, from 1.92 to 4.93, in the section 02, from 1.00 to 1.43, in the section 03, from 1.36 to 1.75 , and section 04, from 1.00 to 3.64. Thus, the sections 02 and 03 were considered more unstable. However, the section 03 can be considered as the most critical section due to the absence of coastal protection structures and the narrow strip of beach.

Acessibilidade em área comercial: um estudo do bairro do Alecrim, Natal/RN

Planejar o espaço urbano pensando na inclusão social de pessoas com deficiência significa considerar a acessibilidade como fator essencial para uma mobilidade urbana completa e segura. Esse ideal reflete-se no espaço comercial que, para ser convidativo e livre de barreiras (sejam elas físicas, tecnológicas ou atitudinais), precisa promover o direito de livre acesso a todos os cidadãos. Partindo deste entendimento, esse estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar as condições de acessibilidade da região denominada “Coração do Alecrim”, área de tradicional comércio popular em Natal. A pesquisa recorreu à abordagem multimétodos e aconteceu em três momentos: (i) avaliação técnica da área por meio da aplicação de check-list, elaborado com base na legislação específica e validado por painel de experts; (ii) elaboração de mapas com uso de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (S.I.G.), tendo como base o resultado da análise realizada na primeira etapa; (iii) aplicação de questionários e realização de entrevistas informais com usuários (visitantes, proprietários e comerciários), para coletar dados sobre sua percepção sobre o lugar, complementando a análise técnica efetuada. Resumindo as informações coletadas, foram elaboradas matrizes de descobertas, como uma junção de todas as etapas de análise. Na conclusão são apresentados pontos críticos de acessibilidade (detectados pela pesquisadora ou apontados pelos usuários) e indicadas algumas diretrizes para a intervenção no local, de modo a colaborar para futuros processos de planejamento urbano do bairro do Alecrim.

Espaço de todos ou de ninguém: análise morfológica de transformações espaciais dos Conjuntos Residenciais Parque Serrambi em Natal/ RN

This work analyses the effects of form over the emergence of new patterns of use and occupation in public spaces of housing estates designed in the 1980s and 1990s in Natal’s municipality (Brazil). We start from the premise that form acts on social process (HILLIER; HANSON, 1984), and verify how much the original spatial configuration of Parque Serrambi housing states contributed to the creation of new spatial patterns following the interventions of the people living there. The Serrambi states were built in Natal’s south based on an urbanization model following modernist’s principals and aimed to supply demands for popular dwellings. They were one of the last estates financed by the former National Dwelling Bank (BNH) and supervised by the Dwelling Cooperatives Orientation Institute (INOCOOP), materialized a spatial form different from the highrise dwelling experiences from the same period. The results were obtained through configurational analysis based on Space Syntax conceptual and methodological framework, in which space and society are viewed as interrelated. The analyses was based on represanting and quantifying spatial properties and identificatying social patterns related to the interventions. We identified that the original spatial configurations, associated to subtle changes in the states social patterns, analysed independently of non-morphological categories, gave way to the occupation patterns verrified in both Serrambi cases.

Investigando o cuidado em equipe de enfermagem em uma UBS da cidade do Natal-RN

On the health area, care is seen as an important concept for professionals. Recently there is a trend, the epistemological point of view, to think carefully as category allowing discuss and re (thinking) practices of humane health care. The objective of this study is to investigate the understanding of care in nursing staff in a Basic Health Unit (BHU) in the city of Natal. The participants were two nurses and two nursing technicians working on the BHU of Guarapes district, located on the west side of Natal - RN. As Theoretical support for data interpretation, was used the concept of care taking, using Heidegger’s theories as reference, through Ayre’s ideas. This is a qualitative research using autobiographical as a methodology. The methodological strategy approach used were focus group and individual interviews. The data were discussed by three angles: knowledge (concepts and theories behind the practical model), technical (the way to do), and ethics (values that bases practices) by hermeneutics Gadamer's dialectic. The results showed the necessity to expand the discussion on care, in practice the understanding of care seems to get narrower concerns with technical success by professionals. The care, as a meeting between beings, the desired humanized care, seems to be understood in parts in theory, but also distances itself from reality in professional practice.

Perfil desenvolvimental das funções executivas em crianças de 05 a 08 anos da cidade de Natal - RN

This study aimed to establish the developmental profile of executives components in typical child development. This is a correlational cross-sectional study of predominantly quantitative. The instruments for data collection are the subtests included in the NEPSY-II Attention and Executive Functioning domain. Eighty children between 5 and 8 years of age, of both genders, students from public and private schools in the city of Natal were evaluated. The sample was divided into six-month intervals for subsequent analysis of strategies and types of errors. Analysis of variance (univariate and multivariate) and Tukey and Games-Howell post hoc tests were conducted to verify the effect of age on test performance. Subsequent correlations indicate the strength and direction of the relationship between variables. Were identified two peaks of development in the six-month interval adopted for the skills of selective attention and inhibitory control. The results indicate that there’s no significant influence of sex and type of school on the performance of the sample. The performance of preschool children (5 and 6 years) was lower than the other subgroups in most tests. Highlights the role of autoregulation discourse among preschool children during activities of greater executive demand and the abstraction resource as a resolution strategy between the older. Were identified similar development trajectories among selective attention abilities and inhibitory control. In general, there is a decrease in the number of mistakes and increase of success with the age progression. Future longitudinal research can extend the age range encompassed in this study, investigating the developmental course of executive abilities.

Avaliação das propriedades das fibras de algodões coloridos naturalmente e ecologicamente corretas cultivados nos assentamentos do município de Guamaré/RN

In this work evaluate the technical characteristics of the fibers grown in settlements Guamaré, colored cotton seeds were donated existing in the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Cotton. We sought through the breeding program, raising the resistance, fineness, length and uniformity of cotton fibers, as well as stabilize the staining of fibers in the BRS Topaz, BRS Brown and BRS Green shades and raise their productivity in the field. First, the individual selections to test progeny seeds, and thereafter the hybridization method followed by family selection to obtain variations in the color tones were performed. The BRS Topaz, BRS Brown and BRS Green varieties were produced, analyzed and compared with existing cottons in the region which is the White cotton. The properties amount of impurities and neps, length, length uniformity, short fiber content, fineness and tensile strength of the fibers were sized in Classifiber, NATI, Pressley and Micronaire devices. 10 trials each with 10 tests for all four fiber types were carried out. The White and Topaz fibers showed greater length (32-34mm) and greater resistance (7.94 lb/mg and 7.97 lb/mg respectively) and showed finesse with lower micronaire index 3,71μg/inch and 3, 73μg/inch and a low rate of short fibers. The results were very promising for the use of genetically improved cotton in the manufacturing of fabric and yarn in the textile industry. The fibers were brown colored cotton used in the manufacture of a composite fiber with thermoplastic resin