The association of feeding behavior with the resistance and tolerance to parasites in recently diverged sticklebacks

Divergent natural selection regimes can contribute to adaptive population divergence, but can be sensitive to human-mediated environmental change. Nutrient loading of aquatic ecosystems, for example, might modify selection pressures by altering the abundance and distribution of resources and the prevalence and infectivity of parasites. Here, we used a mesocosm experiment to test for interactive effects of nutrient loading and parasitism on host condition and feeding ecology. Specifically, we investigated whether the common fish parasite Gyrodactylus sp. differentially affected recently diverged lake and stream ecotypes of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We found that the stream ecotype had a higher resistance to Gyrodactylus sp. infections than the lake ecotype, and that both ecotypes experienced a cost of parasitism, indicated by negative relationships between parasite load and both stomach fullness and body condition. Overall, our results suggest that in the early stages of adaptive population divergence of hosts, parasites can affect host resistance, body condition, and diet.

Dynamic Precision Phenotyping Reveals Mechanism of Crop Tolerance to Root Herbivory

The western corn rootworm (WCR) is a major pest of maize that is well adapted to most crop management strategies. Breeding for tolerance is a promising alternative to combat WCR, but is currently constrained by a lack of physiological understanding and phenotyping tools. We developed dynamic precision phenotyping approaches using carbon-11 with positron emission tomography, root autoradiography and radiometabolite flux analysis to understand maize tolerance to WCR. Our results reveal that WCR attack induces specific patterns of lateral root growth which are associated with a shift in auxin biosynthesis from indole-3-pyruvic acid to indole-3-acetonitrile. WCR attack also increases transport of newly synthesized amino acids to the roots, including the accumulation of glutamine. Finally, the regrowth zones of WCR attacked roots show an increase in glutamine turnover which strongly correlates with the induction of indole-3-acetonitrile-dependent auxin biosynthesis. In summary, our findings identify local changes in the auxin flux network as a promising marker for induced WCR tolerance.

Environmental requirements and pollution tolerance of Plecoptera /

Issued Oct. 1978.

Environmental requirements and pollution tolerance of ephemeroptera /

Oct. 1978.

Status assessment of toxic chemicals : arsenic /

Mode of access: Internet.

A review of human tolerance to side impact. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Crashworthiness, Washington, D.C.

Evaluation of technology for control of arsenic emissions at the Campbell Red Lake Gold Smelter /

Mode of access: Internet.

Motor vehicle brake fluid: water tolerance and viscosity. Final report. [Summary.].

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Determination vapor pressure of slightly volatile solids. (a) Methods and apparatus. (b) The vapor pressure of arsenic trioxide.

Typewritten ms.

Contre-poisons de l'arsenic, du sublimé corrosif, du verd-de-gris et du plomb : la première, recherches Médico-Chymiques sur différens moyens de dissoudre le mercure, &c : la seconde exposition de différens moyens d'unir le mercure au fer, &c. : la troisième, nouvelles observations sur l'éther / Pierre-Toussaint Navier ... ; Tome premier

Mode of access: Internet.

Contre-poisons de l'arsenic, du sublimé corrosif, du verd-de-gris et du plomb : la première, recherches Médico-Chymiques sur différens moyens de dissoudre le mercure, &c : la seconde exposition de différens moyens d'unir le mercure au fer, &c. : la troisième, nouvelles observations sur l'éther / Pierre-Toussaint Navier ... ; Tome second

Mode of access: Internet.

Précis des moyens de secourir les personnes empoisonnées par les poisons corrosifs : : extraits de l'ouvrage des contre-poisons de l'arsenic, du sublimé corrosif, du vert-de-gris [et] du plomb, [et]c. de M. Navier /

Mode of access: Internet.

Jesus-Christ, par sa tolerance, modele des Legislateurs.

Mode of access: Internet.