Belfast Active Travel Action Plan 2014-2020

The Belfast Strategic Partnership, which is led by the Public Health Agency, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust and Belfast City Council, is launching theBelfast Active Travel Action Plan 2014-2020 which aims to build a healthier city by encouraging people to incorporate walking and/or cycling into their daily travel. The travel plan aims to try to make Belfast a more vibrant city where people are healthy, fit, well-connected with one another, and use physical activity as part of their everyday lives.

Role of topological exclusion in formation and organization of chromosomal territories

Chromosomes of eukaryotic organisms are composed of chromatin loops. Using Monte Carlo simulations we investigate how the topological exclusion between loops belonging to different chromosomes affects chromosome behaviour. We show that in a confined space the topological exclusion limiting catenation between loops belonging to different chromosomes entropically drives the formation of chromosomal territories. The same topological exclusion in a connection with interchromosomal binding via transcription factories explains why actively transcribed genes are found preferentially at the peripheries of their chromosomal territories. This paper is based in part on the results presented in J. Dorier and A. Stasiak, Nucl. Acids Res. 37 (2009), 6316 and 38 (2010), 7410.

Tackling Health Inequalities through Action on the Social Determinants of Health: Lessons from Experience

Briefing 10 - Lessons from experience This document, commissioned by Public Health England, and written by the UCL Institute of Health Equity, sets out 12 points to consider when taking action locally on the social determinants of health. It is intended as a source of information on approaches to consider when devising local programmes and strategies to reduce health inequalities. It complements the other briefings and evidence reviews in this series, which provide more detail on action on specific social determinant areas, such as employment and early years interventions, including information on impacts and cost effectiveness where available. The 12 steps are divided across three parts. The first part sets out four strategies that help prioritise action on health equity. The next steps are principles of effective action on the social determinants of the health, presented in the second part. Finally, the steps in part three outline ways of ensuring that measures to increase health equity are sustainable and have impact over the long term. The briefing is available to download above. This document is part of a series. An overview document which provides an introduction to this and other documents in the series, and links to the other topic areas, is available on the ‘Local Action on health inequalities’ project page. A video of Michael Marmot introducing the work is also available on our videos page.

Action plan against Drugs and Drug Addiction: Horizons 2008

Portugese action plan against drugs.This resource was contributed by The National Documentation Centre on Drug Use.

The Quorum-Sensing Molecules Farnesol/Homoserine Lactone and Dodecanol Operate via Distinct Modes of Action in Candida albicans.

Living as a commensal, Candida albicans must adapt and respond to environmental cues generated by the mammalian host and by microbes comprising the natural flora. These signals have opposing effects on C. albicans, with host cues promoting the yeast-to-hyphal transition and bacteria-derived quorum-sensing molecules inhibiting hyphal development. Hyphal development is regulated through modulation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, and it has been postulated that quorum-sensing molecules can affect filamentation by inhibiting the cAMP pathway. Here, we show that both farnesol and 3-oxo-C(12)-homoserine lactone, a quorum-sensing molecule secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, block hyphal development by affecting cAMP signaling; they both directly inhibited the activity of the Candida adenylyl cyclase, Cyr1p. In contrast, the 12-carbon alcohol dodecanol appeared to modulate hyphal development and the cAMP signaling pathway without directly affecting the activity of Cyr1p. Instead, we show that dodecanol exerted its effects through a mechanism involving the C. albicans hyphal repressor, Sfl1p. Deletion of SFL1 did not affect the response to farnesol but did interfere with the response to dodecanol. Therefore, quorum sensing in C. albicans is mediated via multiple mechanisms of action. Interestingly, our experiments raise the possibility that the Burkholderia cenocepacia diffusible signal factor, BDSF, also mediates its effects via Sfl1p, suggesting that dodecanol's mode of action, but not farnesol or 3-oxo-C(12)-homoserine lactone, may be used by other quorum-sensing molecules.

A key to the door - Homeless Agency action plan 2007-2010, Issue 22, Summer 2007

The Homeless Agency recently launched its action plan to eliminate long-term homelessness and the need to sleep rough in Dublin by 2010. This article will discuss the elements of the plan that relate to homeless individuals with addiction problems in the context of the wider policy framework on drugs and homelessness. The plan contains three strategic aims, relating to prevention, local access to quality homeless services and long-term housing options with support when required. The plan contains 10 core actions (high priority) that cover more than one strategic aim and 74 additional actions (lower priority). Individuals with mental health problems, addictions (alcohol and drugs) and dual diagnosis (addiction and mental health) needs have been identified as needing healthcare and other interventions as part of the strategic aim to prevent homelessness and reduce the risk of becoming homeless. As part of the development of the action plan, a total of 105 men, women and children, both current and past users of homeless services, were interviewed. The principal immediate causes of their becoming homeless were identified by those interviewed as family breakdown, and alcohol, heroin and mental health problems. Several studies have shown the prominent role played by drug use in exposing individuals and families to homelessness in Ireland.This resource was contributed by The National Documentation Centre on Drug Use.

Immunological tolerance to pig-serum partially inhibits the formation of septal fibrosis of the liver in Capillaria hepatica-infected rats

Systhematized septal fibrosis of the liver can be induced in rats either by repeated intraperitoneal injections of pig-serum or by Capillaria hepatica infection. The relationship between these two etiological factors, as far as hepatic fibrosis is concerned, is not known, and present investigation attempts to investigate it. C. hepatica-induced septal fibrosis of the liver was considerably inhibited in rats previously rendered tolerant to pig-serum. Pig-serum-tolerant rats developed antibodies against pig-serum when infected with C. hepatica, but this did not happen when the infection occurred in normal rats. On the other hand, anti-C. hepatica antibodies failed to recognize any epitope in pig-serum, by Western blot. However, no evidence of an immunological cross reactivity was found, at least at the humoral level. Alternatively, cell-mediated mechanisms may be involved, and further investigations are warranted.

Les stratégies politiques et foncières des grands propriétaires fonciers en action : études de cas

Ce cahier présente une analyse comparée de quatre études de cas menées au sein du projet consacré aux stratégies politiques et foncières des grands propriétaires fonciers suisses à l'IDHEAP en 2007-2008. Ces études de cas concernent le complexe immobilier de « La Maladière » à Neuchâtel, le pôle de développement économique du Wankdorf à Berne, le « Centre Boujean » à Bienne ainsi que la place d'armes de Thoune. De chacun de ces cas sont présentés la chronologie des événements, les étapes et régimes du projet, les configurations et stratégies des acteurs, les impacts sur la durabilité ainsi qu'une discussion des résultats à la lumière des hypothèses du projet. L'analyse comparée fait le point des configurations et stratégies des acteurs qui sont ensuite mises en relation avec les régimes institutionnels et la durabilité des usages du sol. L'un des messages principaux est que, aujourd'hui, on ne peut plus séparer l'aménagement du territoire du foncier si l'on veut atteindre les objectifs politiques du développement du territoire. Die vorliegende Publikation enthält eine vergleichende Analyse von vier Fallstudien, die im Rahmen des Projektes zu den Strategien der grossen Grundeigentümer der Schweiz im Bereich der Ausübung ihrer Eigentumsrechte und ihrer Interventionen auf der Ebene der Raumplanung durchgeführt wurden. Sie betreffen den Immobilienkomplex ,,La Maladière" in Neuenburg, den Entwicklungsschwerpunkt Wankdorf in Bern, das ,,Centre Boujean" in Biel und den Waffenplatz Thun. Die Zusammenfassungen der Fallstudien enthalten Angaben zur Chronologie der Ereignisse, zu den verschiedenen Etappen der Projektentwicklung und der entsprechenden Regime, zu den Akteurkonfigurationen und -strategien, zu den Auswirkungen der Projekte auf die nachhaltige Entwicklung sowie eine Diskussion der empirischen Befunde im Lichte der Projekthypothesen. Die vergleichende Analyse nimmt eine Typologie der Akteurkonfigurationen vor und diskutiert deren Folgen für die institutionellen Regime und für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der Ressource Boden. Eines der Hauptergebnisse liegt in der Feststellung, dass sich heute Raumplanung mehr den je mit den Bodeneigentumsverhältnissen befassen muss, um die beabsichtigten politischen Entwicklungsziele zu erreichen.

Light receptor action is critical for maintaining plant biomass at warm ambient temperatures.

The ability to withstand environmental temperature variation is essential for plant survival. Former studies in Arabidopsis revealed that light signalling pathways had a potentially unique role in shielding plant growth and development from seasonal and daily fluctuations in temperature. In this paper we describe the molecular circuitry through which the light receptors cry1 and phyB buffer the impact of warm ambient temperatures. We show that the light signalling component HFR1 acts to minimise the potentially devastating effects of elevated temperature on plant physiology. Light is known to stabilise levels of HFR1 protein by suppressing proteasome-mediated destruction of HFR1. We demonstrate that light-dependent accumulation and activity of HFR1 are highly temperature dependent. The increased potency of HFR1 at warmer temperatures provides an important restraint on PIF4 that drives elongation growth. We show that warm ambient temperatures promote the accumulation of phosphorylated PIF4. However, repression of PIF4 activity by phyB and cry1 (via HFR1) is critical for controlling growth and maintaining physiology as temperatures rise. Loss of this light-mediated restraint has severe consequences for adult plants which have greatly reduced biomass.

Alcohol Action Ireland's conference - presentations.

Session One - Alcohol and Crime in Ireland, Counting the Costs• National Quantitative Research, Director of Alcohol Action Ireland, Fiona Ryan• National and International Context - Dr. Anne Hope• Economic Costs of Alcohol Related Crime - Senior Lecturer, Sean Byrne Session Two - Exploring Responses to Alcohol and Crime• Garda Juvenile Diversion Program - Superintendent, Colette Quinn• HSE South - Health Promotion Officer, Sandra Coughlan Session Three - Hidden Harm - Sexual and Domestic Violence and Alcohol• Rape Crisis Network Ireland - Cliona Saidlear• SAFE Ireland - Director, Sharon O’ Halloran• Alcohol Concern - Director, Christine Toft• Men Overcoming Violence (MOVE) - CEO, Thomas Bibby• Head of Crime Reduction Branch, Martine Mc Killop & Belfast Community Safety Partnership, Stevie LaveryThis resource was contributed by The National Documentation Centre on Drug Use.

Angiogenesis and schistosomal granuloma formation

An increasing amount of evidences points to angiogenesis as playing a paramount role in fibrosis development. However, granulomas in general, and periovular schistosomal granulomas in particular, are considered avascular structures, although they usually result in dense areas of focal fibrosis. In order to clarify this apparent paradox, the presence of blood vessels was systematically searched in hepatic schistosomal granulomas of mice, during different stages of the infection, and at different stages of granuloma evolution, by means of vascular injections of colored masses, demonstration of laminin in vascular basement membranes and by ultra structural analysis. Vascular proliferation appeared evident at the early stages of granuloma formation, gradually decreasing thereafter, older granulomas becoming almost avascular structures, sometimes delimited at the periphery by a rich vascular network.

Tackling health inequalities: 2007 Status Report on the Programme for Action

The status report provides a review of developments against the data since the publication of the Programme for Action in 2003. It considers progress against the Public Service Agreement (PSA) target, the national headline indicators and against government commitments. The report highlights the challenging nature of the health inequalities PSA target for 2010.