Análise técnica e econômica da utilização da energia solar e eólica em uma propriedade rural para geração de eletricidade, bombeamento e aquecimento de água

This paper is about a case study of using solar energy and wind energy in a farm. For this purpose were collected from the property, such as water consumption and amount of residents. So, we estimate how many conventional panels or PET bottle panels and boiler needed to supply the farm with warm water. It also calculates the amount of photovoltaic panels and the main accessories for converting solar energy into electrical energy. For the pumping of water using photovoltaic panels is dismissed and dimensioned to be a watermill

Agressividade: a origem dos conflitos? : compreendendo o comportamento agressivo

As explosões de violência que assolam a sociedade humana são noticiadas diariamente pela mídia, e vivenciadas pelos indivíduos. As queixas sobre a disseminação da violência estão espalhadas como areia pelo vento. As manifestações de agressão podem ocorrer por diversos motivos: disputas por território, fama, “status”, para impor dominação, agressividade como forma de alerta, para atingir um objetivo sexual, um instrumento para humilhar e coagir o outro, entre outros tantos e variados motivos. As ciências que se ocupam do estudo das relações humanas abordam o tema, mas devido à complexidade e abrangência de suas manifestações, existem muito mais lacunas do que respostas. A agressividade e violência não são exclusivas da sociedade humana, mas graças ao desenvolvimento técnico-científico, para a humanidade a associação entre estas tendências e a capacidade destrutiva do homem, geralmente, são catastróficas, ameaçando não apenas sua própria espécie, mas tudo ao seu redor. É impossível negar a ancestralidade comum entre o homem e os grandes primatas, chimpanzés, orangotangos, gorilas e bonobos. Intrigante é o fato de encontrar ocorrências de atos violentos semelhantes aos humanos entre eles. Por exemplo, orangotangos cometem estupros, chimpanzés além de surras, atacam de modo mortal indivíduos da mesma espécie, e entre gorilas o infanticídio é um ato banal. Apenas os bonobos fogem deste legado violento, apresentando-se como sociedade pacífica, liderada por fêmeas, onde conflitos são resolvidos pelo ato sexual. Os chimpanzés são extremamente próximos aos humanos, compartilhando mais de 95% da bagagem genética. A diferença entre os chimpanzés e humanos é menor do que a existente entre eles e os gorilas. A agressividade em ambos é algo que chama atenção para o possível legado genético, visto ser uma característica comportamental típica dos animais. No caso do ser humano, este tipo de...

Fenologia de espécies anemocóricas em um cerrado sensu stricto no interior de São Paulo

O objetivo deste estudo foi entender os padrões de frutificação de espécies anemocóricas em uma área de Cerrado sensu stricto, de acordo com a morfologia dos diásporos e a deciduidade das espécies, e verificar se esse padrão difere entre borda e interior do cerrado estudado. Um total de 377 indivíduos foram amostrados, distribuídos em 26 espécies, pertencentes a 10 famílias. Foi notada significativa sazonalidade para toda a comunidade, e uma sincronia entre os indivíduos principalmente no ambiente de borda. Os picos de atividade de queda foliar e frutificação ocorreram simultaneamente para as espécies decíduas e perenes, enquanto que para as espécies semidecíduas a época de maior índice de queda antecedeu um pouco o de maturação dos frutos. Entretanto esses eventos ocorreram durante a época de menores índices pluviométricos, maiores índices de queda foliar e anterior ao desenvolvimento de folhas novas, de forma que os diásporos secam e são dispersos pelo vento mais facilmente

Integridade dos dados meteorológicos obtidos por duas estações meteorológicas automatizadas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Análise comparativa de técnicas de recuperação ambiental em áreas degradadas no município de Bofete/SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estimação do número de internações por doenças respiratórias utilizando lógica fuzzy tipo-2 intervalar

In this work was developed a fuzzy computational model type-2 predictive interval, using the software of the type-2 fuzzy MATLAB toolbox, the final idea is to estimate the number of hospitalizations of patients with respiratory diseases. The interest in the creation of this model is to assist in decision makeshift hospital environment, where there are no medical or professional equipment available to provide the care that the population need. It began working with the study of fuzzy logic, the fuzzy inference system and fuzzy toolbox. Through a real database provided by the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) and Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Básico (CETESB), was possible to start the model. The analyzed database is composed of the number of patients admitted with respiratory diseases a day for the public hospital in São José dos Campos, during the year 2009 and by factors such as PM10, SO2, wind and humidity. These factors were analyzed as input variables and, through these, is possible to get the number of admissions a day, which is the output variable of the model. For data analysis we used the fuzzy control method type-2 Mamdani. In the following steps the performance developed in this work was compared with the performance of the same model using fuzzy logic type-1. Finally, the validity of the models was estimated by the ROC curve

Análise dos parâmetros técnicos e econômicos do aquecedor solar a vácuo, visando economia de energia

This work is about a development of a vacuum solar water heater. To accomplish this, some measurements were made, such as flow, water temperature and room temperature, relative humidity, solar power density and wind speed. It first presents a brief explanation about the global situation in relation to the accelerated use of exhaustible energy sources which can result in a breakdown of these for future generations. From this, is proposed to analyze this solar water heater with vacuum tubes during the winter season in Brazil southeastern region, under different environmental conditions. From such ideas became possible to prove through the experimental part, calculations and graphical results that technology and the performance of this device are technical and economically viable, according to the life cycle of this. It was also found that the average monthly production in a maximum heat stroke situation was 193,33kWh and minimum isolation was 57,76kWh. This reveals that this instrument should start to be examined more closely by all, as a way to reduce the use of electricity, which will protect the environment without reducing the comfort of people

Análise de causas de trincas em carro de translação de empilhadeira/recuperadora

The present work aims to study the possible causes of cracks founded and recovered in translation cars of ore Forklift / ore Reclaimer. To identify the possible causes of cracks observed on the equipment it was used a static approach analysis, using a finite element method as an analysis tool, using a specific structural analysis program. After making the model, a strain gage measurement was necessary because there may be significant amounts of masses of non-structural components that were not modeled and were not available in the drawings, as well as fouling ore. With the calibrated model it was processed analyses with the load cases of dead load, product, wind and excavation. After the processing, it was observed that none of these load cases resulted in values that caused the crack, so another three hypotheses were tested: depression and misalignment, jacking and translation of only three cars. Of these three hypotheses it was observed that the jacking coud be the cause of the cracks, because the distribution of stress. Due to the miss of parameters, like the height utilized in this process, it was not possible to affirm the real stress level

Micro-extração em fase sólida (SPME) in situ e comparação de compostos voláteis em variedades de manga (Mangifera indica L.) resistentes e suscetíveis à mosca-das-frutas Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Comportamento fenológico da liana Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers (Bignoniaceae) em área de cerradão na Estação Ecológica de Assis, SP.

Brazilian cerrado is characterized by an evident seasonality with distinct dry and wet seasons. Pyrostegia venusta is a common vine found in different physiognomies of the Cerrado. The species may present characteristics that allow its adjustment to the seasonal cycles. The phenology of vegetative and reproductive events was studied for this species in 2004 and 2005. The objective was to verify which climatic factors determine the phenological patterns observed in the species. Flowering was inversely related to mean temperatures and to the length of the day, while fruiting was inversely related to the photoperiod and directly related to the mean wind velocity. Seed dispersal was directly related to wind speed. As a consequence, flowering occurred at the end of the rainy season, close to the winter, and was prolonged until the end of the dry season. Fruiting and fruit maturation occurred during the dry period, with the seeds being dispersed at the end of this period. The seed dispersal at the end of the dry season, common to other anemochoric species of cerrado, allows a rapid germination at the beginning of the wet season, favoring the species propagation in this environment.

Estimation methods of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for Uberlândia -MG

One approach to verify the adequacy of estimation methods of reference evapotranspiration is the comparison with the Penman-Monteith method, recommended by the United Nations of Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO, as the standard method for estimating ET0. This study aimed to compare methods for estimating ET0, Makkink (MK), Hargreaves (HG) and Solar Radiation (RS), with Penman-Monteith (PM). For this purpose, we used daily data of global solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed for the year 2010, obtained through the automatic meteorological station, with latitude 18° 91' 66 S, longitude 48° 25' 05 W and altitude of 869m, at the National Institute of Meteorology situated in the Campus of Federal University of Uberlandia - MG, Brazil. Analysis of results for the period were carried out in daily basis, using regression analysis and considering the linear model y = ax, where the dependent variable was the method of Penman-Monteith and the independent, the estimation of ET0 by evaluated methods. Methodology was used to check the influence of standard deviation of daily ET0 in comparison of methods. The evaluation indicated that methods of Solar Radiation and Penman-Monteith cannot be compared, yet the method of Hargreaves indicates the most efficient adjustment to estimate ETo.

The climatic rhythm and blooms of cyanobacteria in a tropical reservoir in São Paulo, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Spray adjuvant characteristics affecting agricultural spraying drift

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modelo fuzzy estimando tempo de internação por doenças cardiovasculares

Abstract A fuzzy linguistic model based on the Mamdani method with input variables, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, temperature and wind obtained from CETESB with two membership functions each was built to predict the average hospitalization time due to cardiovascular diseases related to exposure to air pollutants in São José dos Campos in the State of São Paulo in 2009. The output variable is the average length of hospitalization obtained from DATASUS with six membership functions. The average time given by the model was compared to actual data using lags of 0 to 4 days. This model was built using the Matlab v. 7.5 fuzzy toolbox. Its accuracy was assessed with the ROC curve. Hospitalizations with a mean time of 7.9 days (SD = 4.9) were recorded in 1119 cases. The data provided revealed a significant correlation with the actual data according to the lags of 0 to 4 days. The pollutant that showed the greatest accuracy was sulfur dioxide. This model can be used as the basis of a specialized system to assist the city health authority in assessing the risk of hospitalizations due to air pollutants.

De mitos e silêncios: nas águas do feminino pelos romances de Paulina Chiziane

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)