Final report of the baseline data reconstruction for the Quality Assurance for Fish Marketing Project

A baseline survey for the project which had been conducted in 2009 had gaps that could not allow assessment of project performance in the outcome and impact indicators to be made. This study was, therefore, commissioned to reconstruct the baseline data, aligned to the impact and outcome indicators on the project logframe and results framework, against which project achievements could be assessed. The purpose and scope of the study was to reconstruct the baseline data and analysis describing the situation prior to QAFM Project inception, taking 2008 as the baseline year, which was aligned to the project logframe outcome and impact indicators; to collect data on current status to compare project outcome (and where possible impact) in improved fish handling sites in comparison with the baseline as well as with comparable non-improved fish landing sites as control group. The study was conducted through secondary data search from sources at NaFIRRI, DFR and ICEIDA. Field data collection was carried out using a sample survey covering 312 respondents including boat and gear owners, crew members, processors and traders at eight project and two control landing sites. Key Informant Interviews were conducted with DFOs and BMU leaders in the study districts and landing sites respectively.

一种具有两种不同细胞核的淡水涡鞭毛虫(淡水甲藻)的发现

作者于1981年11月, 在昆明地区的水池中采集到一种具有两种不同性质的细胞核的淡水涡鞭毛虫, 并且在实验室中首次长期培养成功. 这种涡鞭毛虫经中国科学院武汉水生生物研究所魏印心及倪达书鉴定后, 定为光薄甲藻(Glenodinium gymnodinium Penard). 具有两种不同类型细胞核的涡鞭毛虫, 在世界上是很为罕见的, 国外发现的两个种(叶状光甲藻Glenodinium foliaceum 和波罗的海多甲藻 Peridinium balticum) 都为海产种, 另外的两个种(蓝裸甲藻 Gymnodinium cyancum Hu. 及该文所述的种)为在我国发现的淡水涡鞭毛虫类。

Integrated avalanche diode for 600 v Trench IGBT over-voltage protection

Avalanche multiplication has been one of the major destructive failure mechanisms in IGBTs; in order to avoid operating an IGBT under abnormal conditions, it is desirable to develop peripheral protecting circuits monolithically integrated without compromising the operation and performance of the IGBT. In this paper, a monolithically integrated avalanche diode (D av) for 600V Trench IGBT over-voltage protection is proposed. The mix-mode transient simulation proves the clamping capability of the D av when the IGBT is experiencing over-voltage stress in unclamped inductive switching (UIS) test. The spread of avalanche energy, which prevents hot-spot formation, through the help of the avalanche diode feeding back a large fraction of the avalanche current to a gate resistance (R G) is also explained. © 2011 IEEE.

Modern challenges facing turbomachinery aeroacoustics

In this review we describe current scientific and technological issues in the quest to reduce aeroengine noise, in the face of predicted rapid increases in the volume of air traffic, on the one hand, and increasingly strict environmental regulation, on the other. Alongside conventional ducted turbofan designs, new open-rotor contra-rotating power plants are currently under development, which present their own noise challenges. The key sources of tonal and broadband noise, and the way in which noise propagates away from the source, are surveyed in both cases. We also consider in detail two key aspects underpinning the flow physics that continue to receive considerable attention, namely the acoustics of swirling flow and unsteady flow-blade interactions. Finally, we describe possible innovations in open-rotor engine design for low noise.

盘qu属鱼类口吸盘的形态分化及其意义

具大、小吸盘的两个类群是盘qu鱼类在演化进程中分化成的两个自然类群, 它们为适应不同的栖息环境, 吸盘的微观结构和须的长短等进一步分化, 分化途径在两个类群各不相同。图版2参9

树qu红核的细胞构筑和红核脊髓束的起源

用Nissl法染色和HRP注入树qu脊髓的不同节段,结果表明,树qu红核和上丘高度向吻侧延伸至乳头体内侧核尾端,细胞柱呈梭状,长约3.7mm,最大处直径2mm。它由大(60-100#mu#m)、中(30-50#mu#m)和小型(10-25#mu#m)细胞构成。红核吻段大细胞较多,占60.7%,中尾段中小型细胞多,占71.7%,, 中、小细胞散在分布于大细胞之间。树qu的红核-脊髓束主要由对侧红核大、中和小型细胞发出的纤维组成;红核吻段背侧部,中尾段的腹部、腹中部和腹中背部细胞发出的纤维交叉投射到颈吻段;红核吻、中、尾段的腹部、腹中部和腹中背部细胞发出的纤维还投射到对侧颈尾段;红核中尾段的腹部、腹中部、腹中背部细胞也有纤维交叉投射到腰段;只有红核吻段和尾段少量细胞发出的纤维投射到同侧颈段。

思茅地区咖啡天牛天敌的多样性调查和控制评价

在1994-1997年的调查研究中发现思茅地区拥有丰富的天敌资源。共鉴定出8种主要捕食和寄生于咖啡天牛的天敌,其中蚂蚁类4种、寄生蜂2种。饲养和调查结果显示,黑褐举腹蚁、立毛举腹蚁、间斑举腹姬蜂和蠼螋4种捕食或寄生性天敌,自然种群大、控制能力强,有很大的利用前景。

Transient electrothermal simulation of power semiconductor devices

In this paper, a new thermal model based on the Fourier series solution of heat conduction equation has been introduced in detail. 1-D and 2-D Fourier series thermal models have been programmed in MATLAB/Simulink. Compared with the traditional finite-difference thermal model and equivalent RC thermal network, the new thermal model can provide high simulation speed with high accuracy, which has been proved to be more favorable in dynamic thermal characterization on power semiconductor switches. The complete electrothermal simulation models of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) and power diodes under inductive load switching condition have been successfully implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. The experimental results on IGBT and power diodes with clamped inductive load switching tests have verified the new electrothermal simulation model. The advantage of Fourier series thermal model over widely used equivalent RC thermal network in dynamic thermal characterization has also been validated by the measured junction temperature.© 2010 IEEE.

Sleeping sites of Rhinopithecus bieti at Mt. Fuhe, Yunnan

Data on sleeping site selection were collected for a group of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti; around 80) at Mt. Fuhe, Yunnan, China (99degrees20'E, 26degrees25'N, about 3,000 m asl) from November 2000 to January 2002. At the site mainly three vegetation types were present in an elevation-ascending order: deciduous broad leaf forest, mixed coniferous and broad leaf forest, and dark coniferous forest. In addition, bamboo forest presented in areas burned in 1958. Sleeping sites (n = 10) were located in the coniferous forest, where trees were the tallest, bottommost branches were the highest, the diameter of crowns was the second largest, and the gradient of the ground was the steepest. Monkeys usually kept quiet during entering and staying at a sleeping site. The site choice and the quietness may be tactics to avoid potential predators. In the coniferous forest, however, monkeys did not sleep in the valley bottom where trees were the largest, but frequently slept in the middle of the slope towards the east/southeast, in the shadow of ridges in three other directions, to avoid strong wind and to access sunshine; in winter-spring, they ranged in a more southern and lower area than in summer-autumn. These may be behavioral strategies to minimize energy stress in the cold habitat. Monkeys often slept in the same sleeping site on consecutive nights, which reflected a reduced pressure of predation probably due to either the effectiveness of anti-predation through sleeping site selection, or the population decline of predators with increasing human activities in the habitat. The group's behavioral responses to interactive and sometimes conflicting traits of the habitat are site-specific and conform to expectations for a temperate zone primate.

Expression, purification and characterization of recombinant Jerdonitin, a P-II class snake venom metalloproteinase comprising metalloproteinase and disintegrin domains

Jerdonitin is a P-II class snake venom metalloproteinase comprising metalloproteinase and disintegrin domains. In this study, we established a high-level expression system in Pichia pastoris and developed a purification strategy for the recombinant Jerdonitin. This recombinant Jerdonitin degraded fibrinogen at a level of activity comparable with its wild type. The effects of recombinant Jerdonitin on inhibiting ADP-induced human platelet aggregation were in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 248 nM. In addition, we reported here that Jerdonitin can significantly inhibit the growth of several cell lines, including human liver cancer cells (Bel7402), human leukemia cells (K562) and human gastric carcinoma cells (BGC823). This study offers recombinant Jerdonitin that will be valuable for further functional and structural studies of Jerdonitin. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.