Status survey of two Florida seaside sparrows and taxonomic review of the Seaside Sparrow assemblage

The original primary intent of this project was to determine the population status of two relatively obscure subspecies of Seaside Sparrows in Florida, the Smyrna Seaside Sparrow Cammodramus maritimus Eelonota) and the Wakulla Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus juncicola) distinctiveness of these little known birds. As explained in the following section, a third and major objective appended to the project was to perform a taxonomic review of the entire Seaside Sparrow complex of nine subspecies. (170 page document)

与非平衡问题相关的尺度效应:场与微粒

纳米技术的出现,使我们有必要更好地了解,在原子水平上材料微结构的变化是如何影响和控制着材料的宏观性能。这一挑战涉及到许多以前不曾考虑和不曾了解的现象.其中,位错理论的基础现在知道是有问题的.宏观尺度下采用的简化假设,也许不能用于微观和纳米尺度。尺度效应的含义,涉及到物理系统的非均质和非平衡特性。宏观尺度下的均匀与平衡特性,在材料的物理尺度减少到微米量级时就不再保持了。这些基本观点不能够为了方便而随意到处使用,因为这会改变预测的结果。更令人不满的是在建立物理模型时缺乏一致性。由此产生的问题是在确定制造过程中的有关参数时无能为力,导致由于成本过高而不切实际的终端产品。先进的复合材料和陶瓷材料就存在这样的问题,本文将要讨论的是在原子尺度与连续介质尺度下应用理论模型时存在的潜在问题,而不是去揭示自然的真相。主要讨论微粒,均匀连续介质或者两者的结合,尺度效应问题当前的发展趋势,趋向于在有或者没有时间效应的情况下寻找材料微结构的不同特征尺寸,从原子模拟模型中将了解到许多情况,原子模拟计算将揭示计算结果如何随着边界条件和尺度变化而不同。量子力学,连续介质力学和宇宙模型证明,没有普遍适用的方法,当前的主要兴趣也许是针对多尺度物理问题在技术上建

Convênios e contratos de repasse: análise da prestação de contas pelo controle interno

Aborda o convênio, em sentido amplo, na forma conceituada pelo Decreto nº 6.170/07, com foco na fase de prestação de contas das transferências voluntárias da Administração Pública Federal para os órgãos e entidades de Estados, do Distrito Federal e de Municípios e para entidades particulares sem fins lucrativos, por meio de convênios e contratos de repasse. A pesquisa identifica e analisa os principais conceitos relacionados a esses institutos, bem como o exame dos demais atos que antecedem a prestação de contas: autorização, formalização, execução e controle. O objetivo geral do trabalho é avaliar a segurança e eficácia dos procedimentos e exames da prestação de contas dos convênios e contratos de repasses. São objetivos específicos: a) identificar técnicas de auditoria, procedimentos e boas práticas adotadas por outros órgãos de controle interno que possam ser aproveitados para aperfeiçoar o exame das prestações de contas, no âmbito da Câmara dos Deputados, de forma a tornar os trabalhos mais céleres e eficientes e b) sugerir aperfeiçoamento na legislação interna da Câmara dos Deputados e do Governo Federal sobre a matéria. O trabalho descreve as principais características dos dois institutos, as diferenças e semelhanças do convênio em relação aos demais ajustes. Aborda a forma de seleção dos convenentes ou contratados, as exigências para celebração dos ajustes, a formalização, o objeto, o plano de trabalho, a contrapartida, as cláusulas obrigatórias e exorbitantes, a vigência, as obrigações dos partícipes, a execução, a rescisão, a fiscalização e o exame da prestação de contas. A resposta à questão da pesquisa foi buscada junto a outros órgãos de Controle Interno e permite concluir que é possível aperfeiçoar os exames da auditoria de prestação de contas de convênios e contratos de repasse, tornando-os mais céleres e eficientes, sem perda de qualidade. Ao final sugerem-se aperfeiçoamentos na legislação interna da Câmara dos Deputados e do Governo Federal.

Curiosidades entre los peces: Los Peces Voladores.

(PDF tiene 5 paginas.)

Numero vocal, exemplar, catholico, e politico, proposto ao mayor entre os santos, o glorioso S. Joam Baptista : para imitaçam do mayor entre os principes, o serenissimo D. Joam V., Nosso Senhor : offerece por Mão do Excelentissimo D. Francisco Xavier de Meneses, Conde de Eyriceyra, do Conselho de sua Majestade, & C. Sebastiam Pacheco Varella

Sebastião Pacheco Varella nasceu em Aveiro, Portuga em 1671 e morreu na mesma cidade , em 170 6. Notável pregador e muito hábil nas línguas latina, espanhola, francesa e italiana, o autor publicou ‘Numero vocal’. O ‘Sermão da seráfica Madre Santa Teresa, na manhã da sua festa, pregado em Aveiro no ano de 1700’, em Coimbra, em 1701; ‘Sermão da seráfica Madre Santa Teresa, na tarde da sua festa, pregado em Aveiro, no dito anno’, em Coimbra, em 1701; e ‘Sermão da bem-aventuraria Santa Joana, Princesa de Portugal e Senhora de Aveiro, pregado no mosteiro da mesma vila em que viveu e morreu na ultima tarde do seu tríduo’, em Lisboa, em 1702. Essa edição é a primeira da obra, que é um conjunto de princípios inspirados na fé católica e no exemplo de São João Batista, como objetivo de orientar os monarcas católicos em suas ações. Segundo Inocêncio, ‘Varella reúne em seu favor os votos de alguns críticos ilustrados’. Morais o "cita" no Dicionário muitas vezes, autorizando com ele o uso de vários termos, e o P. Francisco José Freyre não duvidou qualificá-lo de autor de bastante propriedade na locução e de linguagem corrente’

Chemical equilibrium analysis and CFD simulation of coal combustion and NOx formation

A full two-fluid model of reacting gas-particle flows with an algebraic unified second-order moment (AUSM) turbulence-chemistry model is used to simulate Beijing coal combustion and NOx formation. The sub-models are the k-epsilon-kp two-phase turbulence model, the EBU-Arrhenius volatile and CO combustion model, the six-flux radiation model, coal devolatilization model and char combustion model. The blocking effect on NOx formation is discussed. In addition, the chemical equilibrium analysis is used to predict NOx concentration at different temperature. Results of CID simulation and chemical equilibrium analysis show that, optimizing air dynamic parameters can delay the NOx formation and decrease NOx emission, but it is effective only in a restricted range. In order to decrease NOx emission near to zero, the re-burning or other chemical methods must be used.

Collecção das Leis do Imperio do Brasil de 1846

Parte 1 - Leis

Influence of seagrass landscape structure on the juvenile blue crab habitat-survival function

Organismal survival in marine habitats is often positively correlated with habitat structural complexity at local (within-patch) spatial scales. Far less is known, however, about how marine habitat structure at the landscape scale influences predation and other ecological processes, and in particular, how these processes are dictated by the interactive effect of habitat structure at local and landscape scales. The relationship between survival and habitat structure can be modeled with the habitat-survival function (HSF), which often takes on linear, hyperbolic, or sigmoid forms. We used tethering experiments to determine how seagrass landscape structure influenced the HSF for juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus Rathbun in Back Sound, North Carolina, USA. Crabs were tethered in artificial seagrass plots of 7 different shoot densities embedded within small (1 – 3 m2) or large (>100 m2) seagrass patches (October 1999), and within 10 × 10 m landscapes containing patchy (<50% cover) or continuous (>90% cover) seagrass (July 2000). Overall, crab survival was higher in small than in large patches, and was higher in patchy than in continuous seagrass. The HSF was hyperbolic in large patches and in continuous seagrass, indicating that at low levels of habitat structure, relatively small increases in structure resulted in substantial increases in juvenile blue crab survival. However, the HSF was linear in small seagrass patches in 1999 and was parabolic in patchy seagrass in 2000. A sigmoid HSF, in which a threshold level of seagrass structure is required for crab survival, was never observed. Patchy seagrass landscapes are valuable refuges for juvenile blue crabs, and the effects of seagrass structural complexity on crab survival can only be fully understood when habitat structure at larger scales is considered.

Proceedings of the Twenty-second Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, 4-7 April, 2002, Miami, Florida

The 22nd Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation was held April 4-7, 2002 in Miami, Florida and hosted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The 22nd symposium was the most globally diverse ever with 839 individuals from 73 countries attending the symposium and associated regional meetings. One third of the attendees were from outside the United States. This diverse attendance was made possible in large part because of substantial donations from The Packard Foundation, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, National Marine Fisheries Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Convention on Migratory Species, Oceanic Research Foundation, and International Sea Turtle Society which supported travel grants for 170 international travelers. (PDF contains 336 pages)

Improving turbomachinery design process management

It is widely acknowledged that a company's ability to aquire market share, and hence its profitability, is very closely linked to the speed with which it can produce a new design. Indeed, a study by the U.K. Department of Trade and Industry has shown that the critical factor which determines profitability is the timely delivery of the new product. Late entry to market or high production costs dramatically reduce profits whilst an overrun on development cost has little significant effect. This paper describes a method which aims to assist the designer in producing higher performance turbomachinery designs more quickly by accelerating the process by which they are produced. The adopted approach combines an enhanced version of the 'Signposting' design process management methodology with industry-standard analysis codes and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). It has been specifically configured to enable process-wide iteration, near instantaneous generation of guidance data for the designer and fully automatic data handling. A successful laboratory experiment based on the design of a large High Pressure Steam Turbine is described and this leads on to current work which incorporates the extension of the proven concept to a full industrial application for the design of Aeroengine Compressors with Rolls-Royce plc.

L'Indépendance de l'empire du Brésil :présentée aux monarques européens

Alphonse de Beauchamp, historiador francês, nasceu em Mônaco, em 1767, e morreu em Paris, em 1832. Trabalhou no Departamento de Polícia como censor de imprensa. Organizou e publicou várias obras históricas.

Primary production, chlorophyll, and zooplankton volumes in the tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean

ENGLISH: Between 1 October and 17 December 1955 investigations of the physical, chemical and biological oceanography of the Eastern Pacific Ocean in a region bounded approximately by 30° N. latitude, 9° S. latitude, 120° W. longitude and the mainland coast were conducted from the vessels Horizon and Spencer F. Baird of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the University of California. These were part of a cooperative operation, designated for convenience by the code name "Eastropic," in which a vessel of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service worked, during this same period, further west and a vessel of the Peruvian Navy worked further south, offshore from Peru. A vessel of the California State Fisheries Laboratory also conducted certain sub-surface tuna fishing operations and other studies in the same general region as the Scripps vessels. In addition to carrying out a number of special studies related to particular oceanographic features, the Scripps vessels occupied a considerable number of hydrographic stations. The locations of these stations, at each of which were made net-hauls for zooplankton, are shown in Figure 4 and Tables 2 and 3. At some of the hydrographic stations, and in Some places between stations, there were made from the Spencer F. Baird measurements of chlorophyll "a" and of primary production (by the C14 technique), both in situ and in a shipboard incubator. The purpose of this paper is to report on the results of these biological observations. SPANISH: Entre el 1° de octubre y el 17 de diciembre de 1955, a bordo de los barcos Horizon y Spencer F. Baird) de la Institución Scripps de Oceanografía de la Universidad de California, se hicieron investigaciones sobre la oceanografía física, química y biológica del Océano Pacífico Oriental, en una región limitada aproximadamente por los 30° N. de latitud, 9° S. de latitud, 120° O. de longitud y la costa continental. Estas investigaciones fueron parte de una operación que se realizó cooperativamente y a la que se convino darle el nombre codificado de "Eastropic". En ella, durante el mismo período, una embarcación del Servicio de Pesca y Vida Silvestre de los Estados Unidos (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service) trabajó más hacia el oeste, y un barco de la armada peruana más hacia el sur, frente a la costa del Perú. También colaboró una nave del Laboratorio de Pesquerías del Estado de California (California State Fisheries Laboratory), realizando algunas operaciones de pesca de atún en aguas subsuperficiales, y otros estudios en la misma región general que recorrieron las embarcaciones de Scripps. Además de efectuar estudios especiales relacionados con las caracteristicas oceanográficas particulares de la región, las naves de Scripps establecieron un buen número de estaciones hidrográficas. La localización de estas estaciones se indica en la Figura 4 y en las Tablas 2 y 3; en cada una de ellas se hicieron rastreos con redes planctónicas para recoger muestras de zooplancton. En algunas de las estaciones hidrográficas, así como en algunos lugares entre estaciones, en el Spencer F. Baird se hicieron mediciones de la clorofila "a" y de la producción primaria (mediante la técnica del C14), tanto in situ como en una incubadora instalada a bordo. El propósito del presente trabajo es dar a conocer los resultados de estas observaciones biológicas. (PDF contains 44 pages.)

Increased physical activity is not enough to recover astrocytic population from dark-rearing. Synergy with multisensory enrichment is required

10 p.

Size composition, growth and sexual maturity of bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus (Lowe), from the Japanese long-line fishery in the Eastern Pacific Ocean

Size composition data of bigeye tuna taken from the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean by Japanese Prefectural experimental training vessels from 1958 to 1964 are examined. A gradient of increasing fish size from east to west is noted. Males increase in ratio over females for the entire range of lengths examined, and beyond 170 cm comprise more than 75 per cent of the total. The first semester of the year is important as a bigeye spawning season. A general relationship between sexual maturity and thermal structure of the water is discussed. At the end of their 12th quarter of life bigeye are about 114 cm long, by the 16th quarter, 137 cm and at the end of 20 quarters, about 153 cm. The long-line fishery in the eastern Pacific has had a marked effect on the size composition of the stocks of bigeye, but whether the fishing has driven the stocks below a point which could afford a maximum sustainable yield could not be determined. (PDF contains 55 pages.)

Studies on the Japanese long-line fishery for tuna and marlin in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean during 1963

ENGLISH: During 1963, the area of operation of the Japanese long-line fishery in the eastern Pacific further expanded, and total fishing effort increased. Charts are presented showing the distribution of effort and of catch-rates, by species, for major fishing areas; and showing catch-rates by species, by quarters of the year, by areas of one-degree of latitude and longitude. In the newly-exploited region north of 10°N, yellowfin and striped marlin are principal elements of the catch, while in the newly-fished region south of the former fishing areas, south of about 20°S, albacore dominate in the catch. Continued decline in catch rates of bigeye tuna, associated with increased fishing effort, indicates that there has been a real decrease in abundance of this species, and that it may have resulted from effects of the fishery on the stock. Changes in catch rates of yellowfin tuna seem to be associated with effects on the stock by both the long-line fishery and by the near-surface fishery by purse-seiners and bait-boats. Over the short series of years for which data are available, there are no discernible trends in apparent abundance of striped marlin or albacore. Information is presented concerning seasonal and geographical distributions of spawning yellowfin tuna, based on examination of gonads. Analysis of data on size composition of yellowfin tuna for 1958-1964 indicates that the long-line fishery is becoming increasingly dependent on the most recently recruited year class, further confirming the effect of the fishery on the stock. The long-line fishery now takes nearly all of its catch of yellowfin tuna from two year-classes each year, during their third and fourth years of life. SPANISH: Durante 1963 el área de operación de la pesca palangrera japonesa en el Pacífico oriental se extendió más y se incrementó el esfuerzo total de pesca. Se presentan cartas indicando la distribución del esfuerzo y las tasas de captura por especies, para las áreas principales de pesca; y se muestran las tasas de captura por especies y por trimestres del año en áreas de un grado de latitud y longitud. En la región recientemente explotada al norte de los 10°N, los principales elementos de la captura son el atún aleta amarilla y el marlín rayado, mientras aproximadamente al sur de los 20°S en la región recientemente pescada al sur de las primeras áreas de pesca la albacora predomina en la captura. La continua merma en las tasas de captura del patudo en asociación con el incremento en el esfuerzo de pesca, indica que ha habido una real reducción en la abundancia de esta especie y que puede ser el resultado de los efectos de la pesquería sobre el stock. Los cambios en las tasas de captura del atún aleta amarilla parecen estar asociados con los efectos sobre el stock tanto de la pesquería palangrera como de la pesca de superficie por barcos rederos y de carnada. No hay tendencias perceptibles en la abundancia aparente del marlín rayado o la albacora en el corto período de años de los que se disponen datos. Se presenta información referente a la distribución estacional y geográfica del desove del atún aleta amarilla basado en el examen de las gónadas. El análisis de los datos sobre la composición de tallas del atún aleta amarilla correspondiente a 1958-1964 indica que la pesca palangrera depende cada vez más de las clases anuales recientemente reclutadas, confirmando aún más el efecto que tiene la pesquería sobre el stock. La pesquería palangrera coge casi toda su pesca de atún aleta amarilla de dos clases anuales cada año, durante su tercer y cuarto año de vida. (PDF contains 70 pages.)