食品中二恶英类化合物的污染与分析

简要介绍二恶英类化合物的化学结构特征、主要来源以及食品中二恶英类化合物对人体健康的主要危害和影响,综述食品中二恶英类化合物的主要化学分析方法和生物检测方法,最后对目前我国在食品中二恶英类化合物的安全性方面亟待解决的问题进行了展望。

新疆伊犁地区夏季浮游动物群落结构特征

2006年6—7月在新疆伊犁地区对伊犁河干流、三大支流(特克斯河、巩乃斯河和喀什河)、恰甫其海水库、吉林台水库、间歇性水体和小水塘中的浮游动物进行了调查.共鉴定浮游动物134属217种,其中原生动物95属153种,占浮游动物物种数的71%;轮虫27属51种,占23%;枝角类7属8种,占4%;桡足类5属5种,占2%.伊犁河干流、小水塘和间歇性水体浮游动物种类数较多,分别达132、114和92种,吉林台水库种类数最少,仅7种.浮游动物密度和生物量均以恰甫其海水库最高,分别为11391ind.L-1和2.79m

污水处理厂中浮游生物群落DNA指纹及其与水质指标的关系

以武汉龙王嘴污水处理系统为研究对象,揭示了污水处理各阶段中浮游生物群落的DNA指纹拓扑结构,进而探索了其与浮游生物群落结构和环境理化因子的关系.首先建立了污水处理系统中浮游生物群落总DNA提取方法,然后用原核与真核特异性引物对流程(A2/O氧化沟工艺)中不同阶段的浮游生物群落总DNA进行PCR扩增,用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)检测,并对平行水样分别进行常规理化因子和浮游生物物种的检测与鉴定.结果显示,各采样点理化因子、物种组成与浮游生物DNA指纹的统计分析结果十分吻合,厌氧、缺氧和好氧阶段间差异较小,进

A thermally actuated superconducting flux pump

The concept of a superconducting flux pump is relatively straightforward. A small magnetic field repeatedly applied will lead to a much larger field being trapped within the superconductor. This field is limited by the volume of the superconductor and by its critical current but not by the excitation field. Here we will describe a new technique which facilitates the creation of high magnetic fields and where the magnitude of the trapped field is limited by the superconductor not the magnetising field. The technique is demonstrated using measurements taken using samples of bulk YBCO as YBCO has a very high irreversibility field and has the potential to trap high magnetic fields. The technique could be applied to other superconductors such as BSCCO or MgB2 and in other forms such as thin or thick films. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

重庆市涪陵区城乡饮用水中微囊藻毒素的污染

目的探讨重庆市涪陵区城乡居民饮用水中微囊藻毒素LR(MC-LR)污染现状。方法在涪陵区市政水源水(长江水)、管网水、二次供水系统设立采样点;同时,抽取水源和水处理工艺完全相同的4个乡镇水厂,选择其水源水、管网水;在上述4个乡镇分别选择3～4个农村居民饮用水井。于2004年6—11月,采集各采样点水样。采用酶联免疫试剂盒测定MC-LR含量,采用氯化亚锡分光光度法测定水样中总磷含量,采用紫外分光光度法测定水样中总氮含量。结果6—11月市政水源水(长江水)、管网水以及6月市政二次供水、乡镇水厂水源水、管网水、农

SOI membrane-based pressure sensor in stress sensitive differential amplifier configuration

This paper introduces a pressure sensing structure configured as a stress sensitive differential amplifier (SSDA), built on a Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) membrane. Theoretical calculation show the significant increase in sensitivity which is expected from the pressure sensors in SSDA configuration compared to the traditional Wheatstone bridge circuit. Preliminary experimental measurements, performed on individual transistors placed on the membrane, exhibit state-the-art sensitivity values (1.45mV/mbar). © 2012 IEEE.

Chemical surface modification of poly-ε-caprolactone improves Schwann cell proliferation for peripheral nerve repair.

Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer used in tissue engineering for various clinical applications. Schwann cells (SCs) play an important role in nerve regeneration and repair. SCs attach and proliferate on PCL films but cellular responses are weak due to the hydrophobicity and neutrality of PCL. In this study, PCL films were hydrolysed and aminolysed to modify the surface with different functional groups and improve hydrophilicity. Hydrolysed films showed a significant increase in hydrophilicity while maintaining surface topography. A significant decrease in mechanical properties was also observed in the case of aminolysis. In vitro tests with Schwann cells (SCs) were performed to assess film biocompatibility. A short-time experiment showed improved cell attachment on modified films, in particular when amino groups were present on the material surface. Cell proliferation significantly increased when both treatments were performed, indicating that surface treatments are necessary for SC response. It was also demonstrated that cell morphology was influenced by physico-chemical surface properties. PCL can be used to make artificial conduits and chemical modification of the inner lumen improves biocompatibility.

Vowel normalisation: Time-domain processing of the internal dynamics of speech

Human listeners can identify vowels regardless of speaker size, although the sound waves for an adult and a child speaking the ’same’ vowel would differ enormously. The differences are mainly due to the differences in vocal tract length (VTL) and glottal pulse rate (GPR) which are both related to body size. Automatic speech recognition machines are notoriously bad at understanding children if they have been trained on the speech of an adult. In this paper, we propose that the auditory system adapts its analysis of speech sounds, dynamically and automatically to the GPR and VTL of the speaker on a syllable-to-syllable basis. We illustrate how this rapid adaptation might be performed with the aid of a computational version of the auditory image model, and we propose that an auditory preprocessor of this form would improve the robustness of speech recognisers.