Aggression-related alcohol expectancies and barroom aggression among construction tradespeople

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Few studies have investigated the relationship of barroom aggression with both general and barroom-specific alcohol expectancies. The present study investigated these associations in a rarely studied and high-risk population: construction tradespeople. DESIGN AND METHODS: Male construction tradespeople (n = 211) aged 18-35 years (M = 21.91, SD = 4.08 years) participated in a face-to-face questionnaire assessing general and barroom-specific alcohol expectancies and perpetration of physical and verbal barroom aggression as well as control variables, age, alcohol consumption and trait aggression. RESULTS: Sequential logistic regression analyses revealed that general alcohol-aggression expectancies of courage or dominance were not predictive of either verbal or physical barroom aggression after controlling for age, alcohol consumption and trait aggression. However, barroom-specific alcohol expectancies were associated with both verbal and physical barroom aggression, with positive associations found for expected hyper-emotionality and protective effects for expected cognitive impairment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: In a population where rates of risky drinking and barroom aggression are high, specific expectations about the effects of drinking in bars may influence subsequent aggressive behaviour in bars. [Zinkiewicz L, Smith G, Burn M, Litherland S, Wells S, Graham K, Miller P. Aggression-related alcohol expectancies and barroom aggression among construction tradespeople. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015;00:000-00].

Show me the money and I will bring you the head: evaluation of the effects of self-interest and anger on whistleblowing

Though many of those who decided to report wrongdoings in their organizations were able to tell their stories (e.g. Bamford, 2014, Armenakis 2004), it is fair to say that there is still much left to uncover. The paper aims to contribute to the literature in three ways. First, it provides preliminary evidence that the wrongdoing linked with individual financial loss leads to higher whistleblowing rate. Secondly, it shows how the experience of anger is related to the higher likelihood to report the wrongdoer but only if the wrongful act is perceived as a cause of one’s financial loss. Finally, the paper establishes first steps for the future development of an experimental procedure that would enable to predict, and measure whistleblowing behavior in the lab environment.

Aspects de la syntaxe, de la semantique et de la morphologie des verbes a trait de /complexite/

Cette dissertation porte sur l’analyse syntactico-sémantique des verbes à trait de complexité. Le trait de complexité (Blanche-Benveniste et al. 1984) réunit une classe de verbes connue comme verbes ‘symétriques’, ‘réciproques’ ou ‘collectifs’ sans toutefois se limiter à ces ensembles (cf. grouiller, collectionner, amonceler, scinder, etc.). Ce trait induit une lecture ‘plurielle’ à l’entité formée du lexème verbal et de ses arguments et qui se traduit, sur le plan morphosyntaxique, par deux propriétés: sélection obligatoire d’une position syntaxique (sujet ou objet) au pluriel; en absence de ce pluriel morphologique, le trait de complexité se réalise par la sélection d’un complément prépositionnel correlié à une position syntaxique (sujet ou objet) et l’interprétation de ‘pluriel’ des deux éléments correliés. L’hypothèse générale, et point de départ de cette dissertation, consiste à préciser l’interprétation de ‘pluralité inhérente’ des verbes à trait de complexité comme étant de type ‘collectif’, défini comme désignant du ‘plus d’un en un’ (Jespersen, 1971). La notion de ‘collectif’ est à distinguer de la notion de ‘pluriel’ (Gillon, 1992) et permet d’expliquer le lien entre les deux propriétés morphosyntaxiques présentées. Cette hypothèse générale s’appuie sur la sélection d’un ensemble d’outils d’analyse. Un premier outil vise à rendre compte, du point de vue formel, des réseaux syntactico-sémantiques, par une représentation abstraite de la syntaxe verbale, conçue comme une ‘syntaxe de position’ et où sont délimitées, autour du noyau verbal, deux zones syntaxiques (zone SUJET et zone OBJET) constituées de points d’ancrage du trait de complexité. En tenant compte de la spécificité du ‘collectif’ par rapport à la ‘pluralité’, le recours au concept d’opérateurs de complexité, entendus comme des opérateurs du trait [+discret] (Doetjes, 1999), permet de mieux définir la notion du ‘collectif’ appliquée au domaine verbal. Les différents opérateurs – affixes dérivationnels, constructions prépositionnelles, constructions en SE - se situent à différents niveaux de structuration. L’analyse par ‘opérateurs de complexité’ ([+discret]) présuppose également la prise en compte de la fonction quantitative. Dans cette perspective, ces opérateurs induisent différents degrés de l‘individuation’ des constituants du ‘collectif’ dénoté par la sémantique des verbes à trait de complexité. Les échelles de gradation de [+discret] rendent compte de cette propriété. Les valeurs de ‘plus d’un’ et ‘en un’ dénotées par les expressions verbales à trait de complexité sont interprétées comme faisant partie d’une structure conceptuelle de type ‘tout-intégré’ d’après l’approche lexicale et multidimensionnelle de la sémantique conceptuelle des relations parties/tout de Moltmann (1997).

Abordagem dos aspectos psicológicos da mulher infértil :um estudo quali-quantitativo

Purpose: assess the frequency of stress and anxiety levels in infertile women, correlate these aspects with risk factors and qualitatively analyze feelings resultant from the inability to conceive, in order to obtain data for specific psychological guidance. Methods: the case-control study included a total of 302 women, 152 being infertile (case group: 30.3 ± 5.4 years), and 150 non-fertile (control group: 25.7 ± 7.9 years). The quantitative approach involved the application of Lipp s Stress Symptoms Inventory (LSSI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), whereas the qualitative approach consisted of a semi-structured interview. Response variables considered were: stress frequency and anxiety scores (State and Trait). Statistical analysis compared frequencies and medians between groups, by means of qui-squared and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively, and constructed logistical regression models to test associations between response variables and risk factors considered. Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and categorized in order to perform correspondence analysis. The level of significance was 5%. Results: in the study sample, stress frequency was higher in the case group than in the control(61.8 and 36.0%, respectively), however, significant differences were not observed between groups in relation to stress phases and predominant symptomology type. With respect to anxiety, there were no significant differences between case and control groups as to median state scores [39.5 (35.0 46.0) and 41.0 (35.7 47.0 ); respectively) and anxiety trait scores [44.0 (34.0 51.0) and 42.0 (36.0 49.2); respectively). Risk factors significantly associated with greater risk for high anxiety scores in the case group were: primary infertility, unawareness of the causal factor, diagnostic phase investigation, religion, lack of children from other marriages and the fact that the woman was previously married. The qualitative approach demonstrated that infertility provokes emotional responses, such as sadness, anxiety, anger, fear and guilt. Conclusions: it can be concluded that infertile women are more vulnerable to stress; however, they are capable of adapting to stressful events without serious physical or psychological compromising

Breeding value accuracy estimates for growth traits using random regression and multi-trait models in Nelore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling tick [Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus] resistance on bovine chromosomes 5, 7 and 14

Differences in domestication and selection processes have contributed to considerable phenotypic and genotypic differences between Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle breeds. of particular interest in tropical and subtropical production environments are those genetic differences between subspecies that underlie the phenotypic extremes in tolerance and susceptibility to parasite infection. In general, B. taurus cattle are more susceptible to ectoparasites than B. indicus cattle in tropical environments, and much of this difference is under genetic control. To identify genomic regions involved in tick resistance, we developed a B. taurus x B. indicus F-2 experimental population to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to the Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick. About 300 individuals were measured for parasite load in two seasons (rainy and dry) and genotyped for 23 microsatellite markers covering chromosomes 5, 7 and 14. We mapped a suggestive chromosome-wide QTL for tick load in the rainy season (P < 0.05) on chromosome 5. For the dry season, suggestive (P < 0.10) chromosome-wide QTL were mapped on chromosomes 7 and 14. The additive effect of the QTL on chromosome 14 corresponds to 3.18% of the total observed phenotypic variance. Our QTL-mapping study has identified different genomic regions controlling tick resistance; these QTL were dependent upon the season in which the ticks were counted, suggesting that the QTL in question may depend on environmental factors.

Quantitative trait loci associated with chemical composition of the chicken carcass

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quantitative trait loci for performance traits in a broiler x layer cross

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Quantitative trait loci associated with fatness in a broiler-layer cross

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mapping quantitative trait loci in Gallus gallus using principal components

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Leaf trait variation on Erythroxylum tortuosum (Erythroxylaceae) and its relationship with oviposition preference and stress by a host-specific leaf miner

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Trait-mediated effects on flowers: Artificial spiders deceive pollinators and decrease plant fitness

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synaptonemal polycomplexes in spermatids: a characteristic trait of Orthoptera?

Spermatogenesis was analysed in a cricket, Eneoptera surinamensis (Gryllidae, Orthoptera), using ultrathin serial sections and transmission electron microscopy. Special attention was placed on documentation of the development and structure of synaptonemal polycomplexes (PCs) within spermatid nuclei. Pachytene spermatocytes showed the usual tripartite synaptonemal complexes in the nuclear lumen. PCs were situated close to chromosomes at the periphery of spindles in prometaphase I spermatocytes, where microtubule density was low. The PCs are probably incorporated into the daughter nuclei of both meiotic divisions by adhesion to chromosomes. Finally, PCs end up within spermatid nuclei. Analysis of serial sections through three nuclei of young spermatids revealed at least one PC within each. The PCs were intimately attached to an electrondense spherical nuclear body. This topographical correlation was confirmed through inspection of random sections. The PCs may have an affinity to the spherical bodies. In more developed spermatids, PCs and nuclear bodies were missing. Disassembly products of the PCs may play a role in spermatid maturation. In a series of other Orthoptera species, PCs have been reported to occur in the cytoplasm or the nuclei of spermatids. In most other systematic groups, PCs do not form at all or disassemble earlier. The presence of PCs in young spermatids, therefore, seems to be typical of Orthoptera.

Induction of the split sting trait in Africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera : Apidae) by cold treatment of pupae

Split sting is the name given to a nonfunctional honey bee sting characterized by lancets not attached to the stylet. It has appeared in a mutant line in Brazil, and has provoked interest as a possible means to reduce honey bee colony defensiveness. We induced this alteration in Africanized Apis mellifera L. workers and queens by maintaining pupae at 20 degrees C. In particular, we determined the pupal phase most susceptible to alterations in the sting caused by cold treatment, and we investigated whether this treatment also affected survival to the adult phase and wing morphology. The highest frequency of split sting was detected in workers treated at the pink-eyed pupal phase. The lowest frequency was observed in the bees treated at the oldest worker pupal phase studied (brown-eyed pupae with lightly pigmented cuticle). Both queen pupal phases tested (white and pink-eyed pupae) were equally sensitive and produced high percentages of adults with split sting. However, the 20 degrees C treatment of workers and queens, at the different pupal phases, resulted in high frequencies of adults with deformed wings. Also, fewer workers and queens treated at the earlier pupal stages reached adult emergence. There was also an arrest in developmental time, corresponding to the period of cold treatment.