Induction of the gene encoding mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 by tumor necrosis factor alpha is mediated by NF-kappa B proteins.

Mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) is involved in trafficking of lymphocytes to mucosal endothelium. Expression of MAdCAM-1 is induced in the murine endothelial cell line bEnd.3 by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Here we show that TNF-alpha enhances expression of a firefly luciferase reporter directed by the MAdCAM-1 promoter, confirming transcriptional regulation of MAdCAM-1. Mutational analysis of the promoter indicates that a DNA fragment extending from nt -132 to nt +6 of the gene is sufficient for TNF-alpha inducibility. Two regulatory sites critical for TNF-alpha induction were identified in this region. DNA-binding experiments demonstrate that NF-kappa B proteins from nuclear extracts of TNF-alpha-stimulated bEnd.3 cells bind to these sites, and transfection assays with promoter mutants of the MAdCAM-1 gene indicate that occupancy of both sites is essential for promoter function. The predominant NF-kappa B binding activity detected with these nuclear extracts is a p65 homodimer. These findings establish that, as with other endothelial cell adhesion molecules, transcriptional induction of MAdCAM-1 by TNF-alpha requires activated NF-kappa B proteins.

Prdm1 acts downstream of a sequential RA, Wnt and Fgf signaling cascade during zebrafish forelimb induction

Vertebrate limb induction is triggered in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) by a cascade of signaling events originating in the axial mesoderm. While it is known that Fgf, Wnt and retinoic acid (RA) signals are involved in this cascade, their precise regulatory hierarchy has not been determined in any species. tbx5 is the earliest gene expressed in the limb bud mesenchyme. Recently, another transcription factor, Prdm1, has been shown to be crucial for zebrafish forelimb development. Here, we show that Prdm1 is downstream of RA, Wnt2b and Tbx5 activity. We find that RA activity, but not Fgf signaling, is necessary for wnt2b expression. Fgf signaling is required for prdm1 expression in the fin bud, but is not necessary for the initiation of tbx5 expression. We propose a model in which RA signaling from the somitic mesoderm leads to activation of wnt2b expression in the intermediate mesoderm, which then signals to the LPM to trigger tbx5 expression. tbx5 is required for Fgf signaling in the limb bud leading to activation of prdm1 expression, which in turn is required for downstream activation of fgf10 expression.

High-frequency induction heating /

Mode of access: Internet.

Chemical induction of cancer.

Includes bibliographical references.

Theoretical and practical aspects of vacuum induction melting of high-strength steels.

"PB 161928."

Wavelength dependence of ultraviolet-enhanced reactivation and induction of mammalian viruses /

Mode of access: Internet.

Toward computer-aided induction : a brief review of currently implemented AQVAL programs /

"UILU-ENG 77 1726."

Pattern recognition as knowledge-guided computer induction /

Bibliography: p. 39-41.

L'induction : essai sur les principes, les procédés, la valeur et la portée de la méthode expérimentale /

Mode of access: Internet.

Induction & deduction; a historical & critical sketch of successive philosophical conceptions respecting the relations between inductive & deductive thought & other essays,

Mode of access: Internet.

Notice sur l'appareil d'induction électrique de Ruhmkorff et les expériences que l'on peut faire avec cet instrument /

Mode of access: Internet.

The magnetic induction plasma engine.

Mode of access: Internet.

State-funded induction and mentoring programs in Illinois : findings from the original ten programs /

This report, submitted in compliance with 105 ILCS 5/21A-30, provides a discussion of the overall condition of the ten pilot new teacher induction and mentoring programs in Illinois.

An inaugural address, delivered before the directors of the Theological Seminary of the General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, by S. S. Schmucker, A.M. at his induction into the Professorship of Christian Theology, September 5, 1826.

Green printed paper cover has title: "Inaugural address of Professor Schmucker."