Portrait of Hugo Pollak with wife Thekla Lichtenstadt Pollak and their children Hans Pollak and Zdenka (Mimi) Pollak seated outdoors Portraits Family

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Unidentified family dressed in costume; Milan.

Handwritten caption: Mein Bruder Eduard links und Familie in Mailand Italien

Unidentified women and man Portraits Family

Handwritten on verso: Jetzt sind wir wieder vergnuegt und gluecklich zusammen. Herzlichst Deine (Illegible name Neni or Leni?)

Portrait of Hilde Rosenbaum with her father Julius Rosenbaum in military uniform Portraits Family

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Tombstone of the Benno Molling family on the Jewish cemetery; An der Strangriede, Hannover, Germany. Cemeteries Tombs

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Family and guests at Aenny Catzenstein nee Gottschalk's 80th birthday; London.

Front row l-r: Francine Durand, Beatrice Durand and Aenny Catzenstein, the boys are Ara-Serge Donabedian and Patrick Matthiesen and the adults are Susan Prior, Francis Matthiesen, Maren Matthiesen, Nino Fabri and Olga Matthiesen,

Portrait of the family of David Stern and Bernice Stern nee Propper.

Seated: David Stern, Bernice Stern, and Jessica Agosti; left to right: Doreen Stern, her husband Michael Stern, Carol Richardson, her husband Blake Richardson, John Agosti. The baby is Katherine Stern

Resolution and sensitivity of the eyes of the Asian honeybees Apis florea, Apis cerana and Apis dorsata

Bees of the genus Apis are important foragers of nectar and pollen resources. Although the European honeybee, Apis mellifera, has been well studied with respect to its sensory abilities, learning behaviour and role as pollinators, much less is known about the other Apis species. We studied the anatomical spatial resolution and absolute sensitivity of the eyes of three sympatric species of Asian honeybees, Apis cerana, Apis florea and Apis dorsata and compared them with the eyes of A. mellifera. Of these four species, the giant honeybee A. dorsata (which forages during moonlit nights) has the lowest spatial resolution and the most sensitive eyes, followed by A. mellifera, A. cerana and the dwarf honeybee, A. florea (which has the smallest acceptance angles and the least sensitive eyes). Moreover, unlike the strictly diurnal A. cerana and A. florea, A. dorsata possess large ocelli, a feature that it shares with all dim-light bees. However, the eyes of the facultatively nocturnal A. dorsata are much less sensitive than those of known obligately nocturnal bees such as Megalopta genalis in Panama and Xylocopa tranquebarica in India. The differences in sensitivity between the eyes of A. dorsata and other strictly diurnal Apis species cannot alone explain why the former is able to fly, orient and forage at half-moon light levels. We assume that additional neuronal adaptations, as has been proposed for A. mellifera, M. genalis and X. tranquebarica, might exist in A. dorsata.

Studio portrait of the Amram family; Buffalo, New York.

The Amrams are related to Hans Krakauer's maternal family the Mayer/Heumann's from Billigheim and Hoffenheim

Family portrait taken in a garden on the 75th birthday of Henriette Gottschalk nee Rothschild.

Front row, from left to right: Fritz Gottschalk, Walter Gottschalk, Kurt Gottschalk, Ursula Gottschalk, Hans Ludwig (Hal) Gottschalk, Rudolf Gottschalk, Elizabeth Gottschalk; babies, from left to right: Ilse Gottschalk, Freddy Gottschalk; adults, from left to right: Karl Gottschalk, Elisabeth Gottschalk nee Steinfeld, Ernst Gottschalk, Henriette Gottschalk nee Rothschild, Therese Gottschalk nee Molling, Fritz Joseph Gottschalk

Family portrait of the Gottschalk family; Hannover, Germany.

Front Row (l-r): Frau Steinfeld (mother of Elizabeth Gottschalk nee Steinfeld and Hela Steinfeld), Fritz Gottschalk, Karl Gottschalk, Henrietta Gottschalk nee Rothschild (mother of Fritz, Karl, Anna and Ernst), Anna Catsenstein nee Gottschalk (twin of Karl Gottschalk), and Elizabeth Gottschalk; Back Row (l-r): Hela Steinfeld (sister of Elizabeth Gottschalk nee Steinfeld), Therese Gottschalk nee Molling (wife of Fritz), Leo Catsenstein (husband of Anna), Elizabeth Gottschalk nee Steinfeld (wife of Karl), Ernst Gottschalk, and Henny Molling nee Meyerhof (mother of Therese Gottschalk nee Molling)

Fritz Gottschalk's family in front of the hotel Kurhaus Brunig, Norderney; Germany.

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The Gottschalk family on the beach; Norderney, Germany.

(l-r) Elizabeth, Hans Ludwing (Hal), the maid, Ursula, Walter, Freddy, Therese (in Strandkorg) and Kurt standing

Fritz Gottschalk family with other children on the beach; Norderney, Germany.

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Emanuel Lasker and Ed Lasker playing chess Portraits Family

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