975 resultados para Y2O3 NANOCRYSTALS


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Much has been talking about the advantages of polymeric nanocomposites, but little is known about the influence of nanoparticles on the stability of these materials. In this sense, we studied the influence of both oxides of zirconium and titanium, known to have photocatalytic properties, as well as the influence of synthetic clay Laponite on the photodegradation of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). SBR nanocomposites were prepared by the colloidal route by mixing commercial polymer lattices and nanometric anatase TiO2, monoclinic ZrO2 or exfoliated Laponite clays colloidal suspensions. To better understand the degradation mechanisms that occur in these nanocomposites, the efficiency of different photocatalysts under ultraviolet radiation was monitored by FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopies and by differential scanning calorimetric. It was observed that TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles undoubtedly acted as catalysts during the photodegradation process with different efficiencies and rates. However, when compared to pure SBR samples, the polymer degradation mechanism was unaffected. Unlike studies with nanocomposites montmorillonite, exfoliated laponite clay effectively acts as a photostabilizer of polymer UV photodegradation. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Bismuth titanate templates (Bi4Ti3O12) were synthesized by the molten salt method in Na2SO4 and K2SO4 fluxes, using an amorphous Bi4Ti 3O12 precursor and a mechanically mixed Bi 2O3+TiO2 mixture as the starting materials. The templates were characterized by means of X-Ray Diffraction, FT-IR, FT-Raman, FEG-SEM and TEM. The templates are free of secondary phases and present orthorhombic structure with orientation in the c-plane. FT-IR suggests no traces of sulfate groups revealing that the molten salt synthesis was beneficial for elimination of inorganic species and for the arrangement of individual nanocrystals into ordered lattices. FEG-SEM analyses of BIT templates revealed that most of the grains were homogeneous with a length of 3.1 μm and a width of 0.3 μm and had plate-like morphology. TEM investigations show that the c-axis of the perovskite units is parallel to the thickness direction of the grains and no liquid-phase was formed during BIT phase formation. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

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Natural rubber/gold nanoparticles membranes (NR/Au) were studied by ultrasensitive detection and chemical analysis through surface-enhanced Raman scattering and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering in our previous work (Cabrera et al., J. Raman Spectrosc. 2012, 43, 474). This article describes the studies of thermal stability and mechanical properties of SERS-active substrate sensors. The composites were prepared using NR membranes obtained by casting the latex solution as an active support (reducing/establishing agents) for the incorporation of colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The nanoparticles were synthesized by in situ reduction at different times. The characterization of these sensors was carried out by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microscopy, and tensile tests. It is suggested an influence of nanoparticles reduction time on the thermal degradation of NR. There is an increase in thermal stability without changing the chemical properties of the polymer. For the mechanical properties, the tensile rupture was enhanced with the increase in the amount of nanoparticles incorporated in the material. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Breast cancer is a public health problem throughout the world. Moreover, breast cancer cells have a great affinity for hydroxyapatite, leading to a high occurrence of bone metastasis. In this work we developed a bio-nanocomposite (bio-NCP) in order to use such affinity in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. The bio-NCP consists of magnetic nanoparticles of Mn and Zn ferrite inside a polymeric coating (chitosan) modified with nanocrystals of apatite. The materials were characterized with synchrotron X-ray Powder Diffraction (XPD), Time-of-Flight Neutron Powder Diffraction (NPD), Fourier Transformed Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and magnetic measurement with a Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS). We obtained ferrite nanoparticles with a high inversion degree of the spinel structure regarding the Fe and Mn, but with all the Zn in the A site. The coating of such nanoparticles with chitosan had no notable effects to the ferrite microstructure. In addition, the polymeric surface can be easily modified with apatite nanocrystals since the hydration of the bio-NCP during synthesis can be controlled. The resulting bio-NCP presents a spherical shape with a narrow size distribution and high magnetic response at room temperature and is a very promising material for early diagnosis of breast cancer and its treatment. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Estudos experimentais evidenciam o potencial promissor das células da fração mononuclear da medula óssea (CMN-MO) no tratamento de modelos de isquemia cerebral. Sabe-se que as CMN-MOs são sensíveis à modificações microambientais, tal qual aquelas induzidas por uma isquemia, como eventos associados à inflamação. Contudo, pouco se conhece a respeito da biodistribuição e sobrevida dessas células no tecido nervoso pós-lesão. Objetiva-se investigar se a sobrevivência e a disseminação das CMN-MOs são influenciadas pela resposta inflamatória após isquemia estriatal. Parecer CEPAE, protocolo nº 073/12. Transplante heterólogo (5x105 de CMN-MOs) no estriado de ratos Wistar, agrupados entre controles não-tratados (IST) e falso-operado (FO) e tratados (ITCM), perfundidos em 1, 3, 7 e 28 dias. CMN-MO foram impregnadas com Nanocristais Qdot para posterior identificação por microscopia de fluorescência no tecido do receptor. Coloração, por violeta de cresila, e imunoistoquímica básica (IBA1 e ED1) foram aplicadas para análise histopatológica do tecido em microscopia de luz. Testes neurocomportamentais (teste de remoção do adesivo e teste do cilindro) foram realizados para aferir a resposta dos grupos às intervenções. Os achados histopatológicos evidenciam a eficiência do modelo experimental de indução isquêmica em reproduzir a lesão no estriado dorsolateral. O infiltrado celular no grupo IST marca a resposta inflamatória, posteriormente confirmada por imunoistoquímica para ED1 e IBA1; o infiltrado celular no grupo ITCM, evidencia a permanência das CMN-MO em todas as sobrevidas estudadas. O perfil de perda por morte das CMN-MO transplantadas no sítio de lesão é semelhante entre os grupos ITCM e FO, contudo, evidencia que resposta inflamatória do receptor causa maior decaimento do montante celular no grupo ITCM. Procedimentos de infusão celular mais refinados ou automatizados podem melhorar a sensibilidade dos testes comportamentais para discriminar a evolução entre os grupos estudados. Conclui-se que a alteração do microambiente pós-isquemia cria condições que determina a dispersão e a sobrevivência das CMN-MO. Outras análises de imunoistoquímicas podem apontar resultados quanto ao perfil microglial presentes nas sobrevidas estudadas e o grau de imunomodulação pelo estudo da dinâmica das citocinas inflamatórias produzidas.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)