All optical wavelength conversion at 2.488 Gbits/s using the integrated multi grating cavity (MGC) laser

A novel integrated Multi-Wavelength Grating Cavity (MGC) laser has been used for multi-channel wavelength conversion at 2.488 Gbits/s. Functions demonstrated include conversion to multiple wavelengths, WDM multiplexing and 1×4 space switching.

1 × 4 space switching and simultaneous all-optical wavelength conversion at 2.488Gbit/s using a single monolithically integrated multiwavelength laser

A novel InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP integrated multiwavelength grating cavity laser is presented, which has been used to demonstrate space switching and simultaneous all-optical wavelength conversion at bit rates of 2.488 Gbit/s. This has been achieved using a single monolithically integrated device without the need for post-filtering to separate the converted signal from the input.

Wavelength conversion, regeneration and tone manipulation using integrated semiconductor lasers and amplifiers

An integrated semiconductor optical amplifier/distributed feedback (SOA/DFB) laser that show promise as a simple all-optical wavelength conversion device together with useful simultaneous functions such as 2R regeneration and the ability to remove a wavelength identifying tone is presented. Wavelength conversion performance at 20Gb/s and 40Gb/s can be obtained with this laser.

All-optical 3R regeneration and format conversion in an integrated SOA/DFB laser

Using a compact, integrated device at 2.488Gb/s, simultaneous NRZ to RZ format conversion and regeneration was achieved. The regenerated signal has a negative BER sensitivity of -1.5dB compared with a data signal transmitted down 101km of standard fiber.

All-optical 3R regeneration and wavelength conversion in an integrated SOA/DFB laser: Experiment and simulation

The simultaneous all optical 3R regeneration and format conversion in a simple, single integrated device was examined. The integrated device consisted of a semiconductor optical fiber (SOA) monolithically integrated with a distributed feedback (DFB) laser. Gain saturation was employed for the transmission of a data signal regenerated all-optically in the laser/amplifier device. The regeneration of the electrically filtered eye diagrams was observed by noise removal and extinction ratio-improvement by the device.

10-Gbits/s all-optical 3R regeneration and format conversion using a gain-switched DFB laser

A strain-compensated multiple quantum well device is used as a DFB laser, this has been optimized for low jitter gain switched operation at 10 GHz. The signal is transmitted down 80 km of standard fiber then amplified, filtered and polarization controlled before being injected into a DFB laser. The purpose of this regeneration process is to gain switch the DFB with the extracted clock signal in order to retime the converted signal. This process also simultaneously converts the input NRZ format to an output RZ data to format and results in a signal whose optical power and extinction ratio are considerably improved by the regeneration process.

Performance of single mode laser components using 2D photonic lattice reflectors

This paper will report studies of the placement of 2D photonic gratings on either side of the ridge in a Fabry Perot laser device in order to cause single mode emission. Using this approach, side mode suppression ratios of up to 30 dB are achieved, the emission remaining single mode even under 10 Gb/s large signal modulation. It is found that the use of the grating not only causes spectrally dependent reflection but in addition can lead to transverse mode fluctuations. The action of the grating has been studied not just in terms of its edge emission where conversion of the transverse modes is achieved, but also through measurement of the vertical emission from the structure where strong filtering action is observed.

Analysis of the piston ring/liner oil film development during warm-up for an SI-engine

A one-dimensional ring-pack lubrication model developed at MIT is applied to simulate the oil film behavior during the warm-up period of a Kohler spark ignition engine [1]. This is done by making assumptions for the evolution of the oil temperatures during warm-up and that the oil control ring during downstrokes is fully flooded. The ring-pack lubrication model includes features such as three different lubrication regimes, i.e. pure hydrodynamic lubrication, boundary lubrication and pure asperity contact, non-steady wetting of both inlet and outlet of the piston ring, capability to use all ring face profiles that can be approximated by piece-wise polynomials and, finally, the ability to model the rheology of multi-grade oils. Not surprisingly, the simulations show that by far the most important parameter is the temperature dependence of the oil viscosity. This dependence is subsequently examined further by choosing different oils. The baseline oil is SAE 10W30 and results are compared to those using the SAE 30 and the SAE 10W50 oils.

Starting-up roadmapping fast

Technology roadmapping is a powerful technique for supporting technology management and planning in the firm. The roadmap enables the evolution of markets, products and technologies to be explored, together with the linkages between the various perspectives. A process called T-Plan, which has been developed to support the rapid initiation of roadmapping and thus address these challenges is described.

Statistical energy analysis of a built-up structure excited through its stiffening members

A new method of analysing high frequency vibrations in stiffened structures requires the calculation of a "power absorbing impedance matrix" for each plate in the system. The present paper is concerned with formulating this matrix by using point collocation in conjunction with basis functions representing incoming cylindrical waves. Key numerical issues are highlighted by considering the special case of a membrane, rather than a plate, and conclusions are made regarding the utility of the method.

All optical wavelength conversion at 2.488GBits/s using the integrated multi grating cavity (MGC) laser

A novel integrated Multi-Wavelength Grating Cavity (MGC) laser has been used for multi-channel wavelength conversion at 2.488Gbits/s. Functions demonstrated include conversion to multiple wavelengths, WDM multiplexing and 1×4 space switching.

All-optical routing using a 12×12 passive InP wavelength selective router and tuneable wavelength conversion

All-optical routing of 2.5Gbit/s WDM signals across two cascaded Optical Cross Connects(OXCs) with a penalty of only 0.6dB has been demonstrated using tuneable wavelength converters and a passive WDM router.

Using a semiconductor optical amplifier integrated with a pump laser for mid-span spectral inversion and wavelength conversion

A semiconductor optical amplifier monolithically integrated with a distributed feedback pump laser is used for non-degenerate four wave mixing applications. Experimental results are presented which illustrate the use of this compact device for both wavelength conversion and dispersion compensation applications at high data rates.

Non-catalytic multi-fuel reformer for syngas production for fuel cell applications

Rich combustion of n-heptane, diesel oil, jet A-1 kerosene, and bio-diesel (rapeseed-oil methyl ester) were studied to produce hydrogen enriched gas, ready for the cleanup stages for fuel cell applications. n-heptane was successfully reformed up to an equivalence ratio of 3:1, reaching a conversion efficiency up to 83% for a packed bed of alumina bead burner. Diesel, kerosene and bio-diesel were reformed to synthesis gas with conversion efficiency up to 65%. At equivalence ratio of 2:1 and P=7 kw, stability, low HC formation, high conversion efficiency, and low soot emission were achieved. A common synthesis gas composition around this condition was 15 and 13% H2, 15 and 17% CO, and 4 and 4.5% CO2 for n-heptane and diesel, jet A-1 and bio-diesel, respectively, for burner A. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 2010 Spring National Meeting (San Antonio, TX 3/21-25/2010).