Plan zemelʻnogo otvoda uchastka litera "K" kollektivov "Kalininovka" i "Novai︠a︡ Zhiznʻ" Krivorogskogo okruga Sofievskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 569 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan uchastka kolfonda litera "B" Krivorogskogo okruga Mikhaĭlovskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 495 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan uchastka kolonizat︠s︡ionnogo fonda pod literami "A" i "B" Krivorogskogo okruga Mikhaĭlovskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 1356 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan uchastka kolonizat︠s︡ionnogo fonda poselok "Chervonnyĭ" ( Ėrbardaĭter), Dnepro-Petrovskogo okruga, Sinelʻnikovskogo raĭona, ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 793 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan uchastka kolfondalitera "D" Krivorogskogo okruga Mikhaĭlovskogo raĭona ploshchchadiʻ︠u︡ 874 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan zemelʻnogo otvoda kolfonda "Niva" Krivorogskogo okruga Sofievskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 861 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan zemelʻnogo otvoda kolfonda "Novai︠a︡ Zhiznʻ" Krivorogskogo okruga, Mikhaĭlovskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 303 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan zemelʻnogo otvoda kollektiva "Novyĭ Putʻ" Krivorogskogo okruga Mikhaĭlovskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 717 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan uchastka gosfonda kollektiva "Trud" Krivorogskogo okruga i raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 107 desi︠a︡tin

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Plan zemelʻnogo otvoda s.-kh. arteli "Krasnyĭ Pakharʻ" Krivorogskogo okruga, Sofievskogo raĭona ploshchadiʻ︠u︡ 1380 desi︠a︡tin

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Soybean rotation and crop residue management to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from sugarcane soils

NITROUS OXIDE (N2O) IS a potent greenhouse gas and the predominant ozone-depleting substance in the atmosphere. Agricultural nitrogenous fertiliser use is the major source of human-induced N2O emissions. A field experiment was conducted at Bundaberg from October 2012 to September 2014 to examine the impacts of legume crop (soybean) rotation as an alternative nitrogen (N) source on N2O emissions during the fallow period and to investigate low-emission soybean residue management practices. An automatic monitoring system and manual gas sampling chambers were used to measure greenhouse gas emissions from soil. Soybean cropping during the fallow period reduced N2O emissions compared to the bare fallow. Based on the N content in the soybean crop residues, the fertiliser N application rate was reduced by about 120 kg N/ha for the subsequent sugarcane crop. Consequently, emissions of N2O during the sugarcane cropping season were significantly lower from the soybean cropped soil than those from the conventionally fertilised (145 kg N/ha) soil following bare fallow. However, tillage that incorporated the soybean crop residues into soil promoted N2O emissions in the first two months. Spraying a nitrification inhibitor (DMPP) onto the soybean crop residues before tillage effectively prevented the N2O emission spikes. Compared to conventional tillage, practising no-till with or without growing a nitrogen catch crop during the time after soybean harvest and before cane planting also reduced N2O emissions substantially. These results demonstrated that soybean rotation during the fallow period followed with N conservation management practices could offer a promising N2O mitigation strategy in sugarcane farming. Further investigation is required to provide guidance on N and water management following soybean fallow to maintain sugar productivity.

Field measurement of beef pen manure methane and nitrous oxide reveals a surprise for inventory calculations

Few data exist on direct greenhouse gas emissions from pen manure at beef feedlots. However, emission inventories attempt to account for these emissions. This study used a large chamber to isolate N2O and CH4 emissions from pen manure at two Australian commercial beef feedlots (stocking densities, 13-27 m(2) head) and related these emissions to a range of potential emission control factors, including masses and concentrations of volatile solids, NO3-, total N, NH4+, and organic C (OC), and additional factors such as total manure mass, cattle numbers, manure pack depth and density, temperature, and moisture content. Mean measured pen N2O emissions were 0.428 kg ha(-1) d(-1) (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.252-0.691) and 0.00405 kg ha(-1) d(-1) (95% CI, 0.00114-0.0110) for the northern and southern feedlots, respectively. Mean measured CH4 emission was 0.236 kg ha(-1) d(-1) (95% CI, 0.163-0.332) for the northern feedlot and 3.93 kg ha(-1) d(-1) (95% CI, 2.58-5.81) for the southern feedlot. Nitrous oxide emission increased with density, pH, temperature, and manure mass, whereas negative relationships were evident with moisture and OC. Strong relationships were not evident between N2O emission and masses or concentrations of NO3- or total N in the manure. This is significant because many standard inventory calculation protocols predict N2O emissions using the mass of N excreted by the animal.

2,6-Lutidine-N-oxide complexes of rare-earth bromides

2,6-Lutidine-N-oxide (LNO) complexes of rare-earth bromides of the composition $$MBr_3 .(LNO)_{4_{ - n} } .nH_2 O$$ wheren = l for M = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Ho, Er; andn = 0 for M = Y have been prepared and characterised by analyses, conductance and infrared data. Infrared spectra of the complexes indicate that the coordination of ligand to the metal ion takes place through the oxygen of the ligand, and the water molecule in the complexes present is coordinated to the metal. A coordination number of seven has been suggested to all the rare-earth metal ions.

Molecular orbital studies on some 4-substituted pyridine N-oxides and 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide

The electronic structures of a series of 4-substituted pyridine N-oxides and 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide are investigated using the simple Pariser-Parr-Pople (PPP), a modified PPP, IEH and MINDO/2 methods. The electronic absorption band maxima and dipole moments are calculated and compared with experimental values. The photoelectron spectra of these compounds are assigned. The nature of the N-oxide group is characterized using the orbital population distributions. The antifungal activity exhibited by some of these compounds is discussed in terms of the nucleophilic frontier electron densities, superdelocalizabilities and electron acceptor properties. The effect of the electron releasing as well as the electron withdrawing substituents on the physico-chemical properties is explained.

A novel and effective technology for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from land-applied manures

Land-applied manures produce nitrous oxide (N2O), a greenhouse gas (GHG). Land application can also result in ammonia (NH3) volatilisation, leading to indirect N2O emissions. Here, we summarise a glasshouse investigation into the potential for vermiculite, a clay with a high cation exchange capacity, to decrease N2O emissions from livestock manures (beef, pig, broiler, layer), as well as urea, applied to soils. Our hypothesis is that clays adsorb ammonium, thereby suppressing NH3 volatilisation and slowing N2O emission processes. We previously demonstrated the ability of clays to decrease emissions at the laboratory scale. In this glasshouse work, manure and urea application rates varied between 50 and 150 kg nitrogen (N)/ha. Clay : manure ratios ranged from 1 : 10 to 1 : 1 (dry weight basis). In the 1-year trial, the above-mentioned N sources were incorporated with vermiculite in 1 L pots containing Sodosol and Ferrosol growing a model pasture (Pennisetum clandestinum or kikuyu grass). Gas emissions were measured periodically by placing the pots in gas-tight bags connected to real-time continuous gas analysers. The vermiculite achieved significant (P ≤ 0.05) and substantial decreases in N2O emissions across all N sources (70% on average). We are currently testing the technology at the field scale; which is showing promising emission decreases (~50%) as well as increases (~20%) in dry matter yields. This technology clearly has merit as an effective GHG mitigation strategy, with potential associated agronomic benefits, although it needs to be verified by a cost–benefit analysis.