EPANET Input Files of New York tunnels and Pacific City used in a metamodel-based optimization study

Metamodels have proven be very useful when it comes to reducing the computational requirements of Evolutionary Algorithm-based optimization by acting as quick-solving surrogates for slow-solving fitness functions. The relationship between metamodel scope and objective function varies between applications, that is, in some cases the metamodel acts as a surrogate for the whole fitness function, whereas in other cases it replaces only a component of the fitness function. This paper presents a formalized qualitative process to evaluate a fitness function to determine the most suitable metamodel scope so as to increase the likelihood of calibrating a high-fidelity metamodel and hence obtain good optimization results in a reasonable amount of time. The process is applied to the risk-based optimization of water distribution systems; a very computationally-intensive problem for real-world systems. The process is validated with a simple case study (modified New York Tunnels) and the power of metamodelling is demonstrated on a real-world case study (Pacific City) with a computational speed-up of several orders of magnitude.

Stausberg, M. Contemporary Theories of Religion. A Critical Companion, New York, Routledge, Nueva York, 2009, 309 pp. ISBN: 978-0415463478

Fil: Bogdan, Guillermina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Dragonetti, Carmen and Fernando Tola, On the Myth of the Opposition between Indian Thought and Western Philosophy, Hildesheim-Zürich-New York, Georg Olms Verlag, 2004, 293 pp

Fil: Rollié, Emilio Federico. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Stausberg, M. Contemporary Theories of Religion. A Critical Companion, New York, Routledge, Nueva York, 2009, 309 pp. ISBN: 978-0415463478

Fil: Bogdan, Guillermina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Gregory Nagy. Poetry as Performance, Homer and Beyond. Cambrige-New York-Melbourne, Cambridge University Press, 1996, ix + 254 pp. ; Gregory Nagy. Homeric Questions, Austin, University of Texas Press, 1996, ix + 180 pp.

Fil: Zecchin de Fasano, Graciela Cristina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Dragonetti, Carmen and Fernando Tola, On the Myth of the Opposition between Indian Thought and Western Philosophy, Hildesheim-Zürich-New York, Georg Olms Verlag, 2004, 293 pp

Fil: Rollié, Emilio Federico. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Stausberg, M. Contemporary Theories of Religion. A Critical Companion, New York, Routledge, Nueva York, 2009, 309 pp. ISBN: 978-0415463478

Fil: Bogdan, Guillermina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Description and chemical composition of ferromanganese nodules from Station 123, Oneida Lake, New York

226Ra is used to document the growth histories of six manganese nodules from Oneida Lake, New York. Detailed sectioning and analysis reveal that there are discontinuous gradients in 226Ra content in these samples. These gradients result from periods of rapid growth (>1 mm/100 years) separated by periods of no growth of erosion. Although the 226Ra 'age' of the nodules approximates the age of Oneida Lake, the nodules are not sediment-covered because they occur only in areas of the lake where fine-grained sediments are not accumulating.

Description and chemical composition of ferromanganese deposits from Oneida Lake, New York

Saucer-shaped iron-manganese crusts occur adjacent to gravel shoal areas in Oneida lake in central New York. The crusts usually have a crude concentric banding owing to an alternation of orange, iron-rich layers and black, iron-poor layers. Materials from both types of layers are x-ray amorphous. The Oneida lake crusts, like most other freshwater manganese nodules, contain about the same Mn concentration as marine manganese nodules, but are usually higher in Fe and lower in trace metals than their marine equivalents. Although Fe and Mn may be precipitating directly from the lake water, it is more likely that the oxidate crusts are the result of precipitation of Fe and Mn when reduced sediment pore water comes in contact with well oxygenated bottom waters. Organisms, particularly bacteria, may play a role in the formation of the crusts, but to date no evidence of this has been found.