Apropria����es, conflitos e negocia����es de g��nero, classe e sorologia: etnografando situa����es e performances no mundo social do HIV/AIDS (Rio de Janeiro)

Considerando o car��ter multifacetado e socialmente heterog��neo da epidemia do HIV/AIDS, gostaria de refletir sobre as formas pragm��ticas de apropria����o, negocia����o e conflito de g��nero em termos das disposi����es poss��veis de masculinidade e feminilidade ou, ainda, suas amplas combina����es entre homens e mulheres de diferentes identidades sexuais e diversos status sorol��gicos. Os contextos a serem explorados e descritos s��o aqueles particulares ao mundo social da AIDS, incluindo tanto o cotidiano de uma ONG AIDS espec��fica, bem como os que se apresentam em situa����es tanto p��blicas como privadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Pretendo discutir como novas subjetividades podem se constituir a partir dos usos de categorias sexuais e sorol��gicas, valores morais e de express��es performativas de g��nero.

Ascorbic acid supplementation has a cytoprotective effect on secondary biliary cirrhosis: experimental study in young rats

Objective: To test whether ascorbic acid supplementation has any cytoprotective effect on a model of secondary biliary cirrhosis in young rats.Methods: We studied 40 Wistar rats weaned at the 21st postnatal day. Each group of 10 was subjected to one of the following four treatments, until 49th postnatal day, when they suffered euthanasia: 1) LC-double ligature and resection of the common bile duct and daily administration of ascorbic acid [100 mg/g of body weight (bw)]; 2) LA-double ligature and resection of the common bile duct and daily administration of aqueous vehicle (1 mL/g bw); 3) SC-sham operation and daily administration of ascorbic acid (100 mg/g bw); 4) SA-double ligature and resection of the common bile duct and daily administration of aqueous vehicle (1 mL/g bw). The rats were weighed daily. on the 27th day after the operation they received an intra-peritoneal injection of 1.5 mg/g bw of sodium pentobarbital, and the pentobarbital sleeping time was measured. Blood was collected for serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity measurements, serum albumin and globulin concentrations, and the liver was assessed for liver water and fat content. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and paired comparisons between groups were tested using the SNK method. Significance level was set at 0.05.Results: Ascorbic acid supplementation attenuated the effects of cholestasis: decreased the pentobarbital sleeping time, serum globulin, and the liver fat content.Conclusions: Our results corroborate the hypothesis that ascorbic acid supplementation has a cytoprotective effect in secondary biliary cirrhosis.

Hepatozoon canis infection associated with dog ticks of rural areas of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Hepatozoon canis is a tick-borne protozoan that infects dogs and has been reported throughout the world. Manifestation of H. canis infection varies from being sub-clinical in apparently healthy dogs to severe illness. The main vector of the infection is the dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus although other species may also transmit this agent. H. canis has been reported previously in Brazil, but mostly as an occasional finding during laboratory exams and always associated with other diseases. The prevalence of H. canis in dogs of rural areas of Brazil has been little studied. For this study, 250 dogs from seven counties of Rio de Janeiro state were examined. All the dogs were from rural areas, near forest. of the dogs examined, 26 dogs were from Seropedica, 82 from Itaguai, 41 from Paracambi, 26 from Mangaratiba, 32 from Barra do Pirai, 32 from Pirai and 11 from Miguel Pereira. Blood smears from the peripheral blood of the ear were taken and ticks found on the dogs were collected for identification in the laboratory. Using blood smear evaluation, H. canis was identified in 39.2% of the animals examined. Other hemoparasites identified were Babesia canis (5.2%) and Ehrlichia canis (4.8%). Four tick species were found parasitizing the dogs: Amblyomma cajennense (23.6%), R. sanguineus (12.4%), Amblyomma aureolatum (2.8%) and Amblyomma ovale (2.0%). There was a positive correlation between the presence of A. cajennense and H. canis infection. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Persistent organic pollutants in juvenile Magellan penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) found on the northern shore of the state of S��o Paulo and southern shore of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Explaining the high number of infected people by dengue in Rio de Janeiro in 2008 using a susceptible-infective-recovered model

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Population dynamic of Sesarma rectum (Crustacea, Brachyura, Sesarmidae) from a muddy flat under human impact, Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

A na����o pela pluma Natureza e sociedade no Museu do ��ndio (Rio de Janeiro, 1953-1957)

A hist��ria pol��tica do Museu do ��ndio, criado em 1953, no Rio de Janeiro, sob a orienta����o institucional do antrop��logo Darcy Ribeiro, permite conhecer algumas rela����es sociais estabelecidas em torno de elementos da natureza no Brasil. O estudo do momento inicial na constitui����o deste patrim��nio cultural, de sua hist��ria e das disputas que gerou, inclusive na mem��ria, �� realizado a partir da no����o de coer��ncia ilus��ria de uma gera����o de etn��logos, militares e intelectuais e da a����o do Estado nacional brasileiro na d��cada de 1950. As fontes e documenta����o consultadas s��o de natureza arquiv��stica, jornal��stica e bibliogr��fica.

Ciclo reprodutivo do caranguejo violinista Uca rapax (Smith) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ocypodidae) habitante de um estu��rio degradado em Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Identifica����o de regi��es pluviometricamente homog��neas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, utilizando-se valores mensais

O objetivo deste trabalho �� dar uma contribui����o ao estudo das condi����es clim��ticas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, visando a uma melhor Classifica����o Clim��tica por meio da identifica����o de regi��es homog��neas em precipita����o. Para isto foram utilizadas m��dias mensais da precipita����o de 48 esta����es meteorol��gicas, em um per��odo de 30 anos (1971-2000). A an��lise hier��rquica de agrupamento, a orografia e a proximidade do mar, mostraram que o Estado do Rio de Janeiro pode ser dividido, quanto �� precipita����o, em seis regi��es pluviometricamente homog��neas o que possibilitou classificar as esta����es meteorol��gicas pelo m��todo de classifica����o n��o hier��rquica k-means. A regi��o norte do Estado, com precipita����es anuais em torno de 870 mm �� a mais seca, e a regi��o da encosta sul da Serra do Mar, com 2020 mm, �� a mais chuvosa. Mas, em ambas as regi��es, os valores da precipita����o da esta����o chuvosa representam em torno de 70% dos totais anuais.

Soropreval��ncia de Borrelia burgdorferi latu sensu associada �� presen��a de carrapatos em c��es de ��reas rurais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Pesquisou-se a presen��a de anticorpos contra Borrelia burgdorferi latu sensu em c��es de ��reas rurais de sete munic��pios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, pelo ensaio imunoenzim��tico indireto, associando-se os resultados com a presen��a de carrapatos nestes animais. de 199 c��es examinados, 15,58% estavam positivos, com t��tulos que variaram de 400 (13,57%) a 1600 (0,5%). Os casos positivos se distribu��ram uniformemente nos sete munic��pios. N��o houve diferen��a estat��stica (P > 0,05) de soropositivos entre as faixas et��rias dos c��es acima de seis meses. Carrapatos foram encontrados e coletados em 71 (35,68%) c��es, dos quais 24,1% estavam infestados com Amblyomma cajennense, 13,6% com Rhipicephalus sanguineus, 2,5% com Amblyomma aureolatum e 1,5% com Amblyomma ovale. Dos animais soropositivos para B. burgdorferi, 38,7% apresentavam A. cajennense e 22,6% apresentavam R. sanguineus, n��o havendo, entretanto, correla����o positiva entre a presen��a do carrapato e sorologia positiva.

How do cold water biota arrive in a tropical bay near Rio de Janeiro, Brazil?

Previous ecological studies on foraminifera and ostracoda from the tropical Sepetiba Bay, located in the southern part of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, have noted the presence in this area of some cool water taxons typical of the Argentine continental platform. These studies have proposed that parcels of these temperate waters with their associated biological indicators are advected northward along the platform, penetrating into some tropical entrances of the southeast coast of Brazil. In the present study, ecological data (foraminifera, ostracoda and microbivalves), are used together with information obtained by satellite tracked drifting buoys and digital thermal imagery obtained from NOAA satellites to indicate the path taken by these high latitude species along the southern Brazilian coast to arrive in the Sepetiba Bay, near the city of Rio de Janeiro. Our general conclusion is that biotic elements native to the colder, less saline marine waters seen to the south of Brazil have been and are being advected northward along the inner part of the continental platform to about 22 degrees S. Water parcels containing this biota may, in a sporadic fashion, enter into the tropical Sepetiba Bay. The passage of meteorological fronts through the region is considered to be an important if not the principal mechanism for the sporadic entry of the cool water into the Southern Coastal Entrance of the State of Rio de Janeiro. (C) 1998 Elsevier B.V.s Ltd. All rights reserved.

Precipita����o pluviom��trica mensal no estado do Rio de Janeiro: sazonalidade e tend��ncia

The objective of this work was to carry a descriptive analysis in the monthly precipitation of rainfall stations from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, using data of position and dispersion and graphical analyses, and to verify the presence of seasonality and trend in these data, with a study about the application of models of time series. The descriptive statistics was to characterize the general behavior of the series in three stations selected which present consistent historical series. The methodology of analysis of variance in randomized blocks and the determination of models of multiple linear regression, considering years and months as predictors variables, disclosed the presence of seasonality, what allowed to infer on the occurrence of repetitive natural phenomena throughout the time and absence of trend in the data. It was applied the methodology of multiple linear regression to removal the seasonality of these time series. The original data had been deducted from the estimates made by the adjusted model and the analysis of variance in randomized blocks for the residues of regression was preceded again. With the results obtained it was possible to conclude that the monthly rainfall present seasonality and they don't present trend, the analysis of multiple regression was efficient in the removal of the seasonality, and the rainfall can be studied by means of time series.

Epidemiologic Evaluation of Mandibular Fractures in the Rio de Janeiro High-Complexity Hospital

The aim of this study was to gather data on trauma etiology and mandibular fracture localization in patients who presented at the General Hospital of Nova Iguacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From March 2007 to December 2008, 95 patients with mandibular fracture were registered in a medical form, at the Bucomax-illofacial Surgery Department of the General Hospital of Nova Iguacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Concerning mandibular fracture etiology, 21.05% were caused by motorcycle accidents, followed by interpersonal violence without use of weapons (punches, kicks, bumps with the head, blows with the elbow, etc) (16.84%) and interpersonal violence with firearm (14.73%). It was found that 52.63% of the patients had a single fracture line. The most affected fracture area was the parasymphysis (26.02%), followed by the condyle (22.60%) and mandibular angle (18.49%). Concerning the injury area, 24.21% were directed to the mandibular symphysis, 22.17% of the patients did not remember the injury area, and 18.94% had multiple injuries. When the injury was directed to the symphysis, the result was more condyle fractures (11.64%), and injuries at the mandibular angle resulted in fractures at the angle itself (8.90%). The most common fracture cause was traffic accidents, mainly motorcycle accidents, and the most affected areas were the parasymphysis and the condyle. The mandible isolated fractures occurred in half of the cases. Motorcycle accidents resulted in more fractures in the parasymphysis area, and when the symphysis area is affected by injuries, the result is a higher percentage in condyle fractures.