994 resultados para Respiratory burst activity of leukocytes
Resumo:
Occupational therapists concerned with the long-term health and welfare of children need be aware of the decline in physical activity of children in most Western societies. The current study examined the extent of physical activity in the lives of 50 Australian children with mean age of 7.74 years through questionnaires completed by the children’s parents and pedometer (step) data collected from the children during 4 days. The current data show that higher self-perception of physical competence, child’s levels of physical skill, and low parental perception of peer teasing were the best predictors of physical activity. Higher family socioeconomic status was found to be a significant predictor of more steps being taken on weekends, and partner’s (usually a father’s) level of exercise was an important predictor of the number of weekend steps. Children who were perceived to experience more peer teasing completed fewer steps the weekend. The findings from this study indicate that children’s physical activity levels depend on the availability of family resources, and that children in their early school years already experience negative effects from teasing that, combined with reduced self-confidence, may lay the foundation for their withdrawing from physical activity as they get older.
Resumo:
Layered oxides of Sr4Fe4Co2O13 (SFC2) which contains alternating perovskite oxide octahedral and polyhedral oxide double layers are attractive for their mixed ionic and electronic conducting and oxygen reduction reaction properties. In this work, we used the EDTA–citrate synthesis technique to prepare SFC2 and vary the calcination temperature between 900 and 1100 _C to obtain SFC2, containing different phase content of perovskite (denoted as SFC-P) and (Fe,Co) layered oxide phases (SFC-L). Rietveld refinements show that the SFC-P phase content increased from _39 wt% to _50 wt% and _61 wt% as the calcination temperature increased from 900 _C (SFC2-900) to 1000 _C (SFC2-1000) and 1050 _C (SFC2-1050). At 1100 _C (SFC2-1100), SFC-P became the dominant phase. The oxygen transport properties (e.g. oxygen chemical diffusion coefficient and oxygen permeability), electrical conductivity and oxygen reduction reaction activity is enhanced in the order of SFC2-1000, SFC2-1100 and SFC2-1050. The trend established here therefore negates the hypothesis that the perovskite phase content correlates with the oxygen transport property enhancement. The results suggest instead that there is an optimum composition value (e.g. 61 wt% of SFC-L for SFC2-1050 in this work) on which synergistic effects take place between the SFC-P and SFC-L phase.
Resumo:
Perovskite oxide offers an attractive alternative to precious metal electrocatalysts given its low cost and high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. The results obtained in this work suggest a correlation of crystal structure with ORR and OER activity for LaNiO3-?. LaNiO3-? perovskites with different crystal structure were obtained by heating at different temperatures, e.g., 400, 600, and 800 C followed by quenching into room temperature. Cubic structure (relative to rhombohedral) leads to higher ORR and OER activity as well as enhanced bi-functional electrocatalytic activity, e.g., lower difference in potential between the ORR at -3 mA cm-2 and OER at 5 mA cm -2 (?E). Therefore, this work shows the possibility to adjust bi-functional activity through a simple process. This correlation may also extend to other perovskite oxide systems.
Resumo:
In this study it was shown that the antioxidant, glutathione, and the glutaredoxin-1 protein, have important new roles in regulating ATP7A and ATP7B - two key proteins which regulate intracellular copper levels in humans - by modulating how they bind copper molecules.
Resumo:
Aim:
Materials & methods:
Chondrocytes exposed to IL-1beta and osteoarthritis chondrocytes grown in an ex vivo inflammation-based coculture were incubated with different concentrations of herbals, and cell modulatory activities were determined. For in vivo studies, herbals and their encapsulated nanoformulations were administered orally to DBA/1 mice with collagen-induce arthritis.
Results:
C. quadrangularis and LG showed enhanced chondroprotective and proliferative activity in IL-1beta-exposed primary chondrocytes, with LG showing the highest therapeutic potency. LG increased viability, proliferative and mitogenic activity, and inhibited cell apoptosis and mitochondrial depolarization. In vivo studies with LG and alginate-enclosed chitosan-calcium phosphate LG NCs revealed cartilage regenerative activity in those administered with the nanoformulation. The NCs were nontoxic to mice, reduced joint swelling and paw volume, and inhibited gene expression of MMPs and cytokines.
Conclusion:
The promising results from this study reveal, for the first time, the novel polymeric NC encapsulating LG as a potential therapeutic for rheumatic diseases. Original submitted 10 October 2013; Revised submitted 13 December 2013.
Resumo:
ABSTRACT
Home and school are important settings where children can accrue health promoting physical activity (PA). Little is known about the PA levels and associated environmental characteristics at home and school in children with cerebral palsy (CP). An observational tool - Behaviors of Eating and Activity for Children’s Health Evaluation System (BEACHES) - offers potential for providing information.
Objective: To validate BEACHES against Actigraph accelerometer and to document PA of children with CP at a special residential school facility for children with physical disabilities.
Methods: Five children with CP (2 girls, 3 boys; aged 9.82 ± 2.39 years) in Level I of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) participated. PA monitoring was conducted once a week during four consecutive weeks at morning recess at school and during after school hours at the children’s residence. Estimates of time spent being sedentary and being active were derived from the Actigraph and compared to estimates obtained with BEACHES.
Results: Children’s PA observed using BEACHES was comparable to the Actigraph estimations. In general, children were more active at recess than after school and the physical locations assessed by BEACHES were associated with objectively measured PA time.
Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that BEACHES appears to be a suitable measure of PA for children with CP in both home and school settings. Additional study with a larger and more diverse sample is recommended to verify the results.
