Bilan des recherches sur la crevette rose Penaeus duorarum notialis de Côte d'Ivoire et conséquences en matière d'aménagement

A summary of results obtained from 1969 to 1977 is given. It concerns the biology of the species (ecology and distribution of the adults, behaviour and diel variation of catch rates, reproduction and larval migration, juveniles migration and recruitment at sea, sexual maturity, growth and mortality by marking experiments) and the history of the fishery (catches, efforts, seasonal variations of catch rates). The combined use of a dynamic pool model of Ricker and a production model of Fox leads to the evaluation of the potential of the stock. The simulation of different and combined fishery strategies on adults at sea and juveniles in lagoons, allows the evaluation of the consequences (in yield, value, biomass and potential fecundity) of the different proposed management procedures (reductions in fishing effort, closed seasons on both fisheries).

Analyse des rendements des chalutiers ivoiriens. Définition d'un effort de pêche

A comparison between the yields obtained during 1968 and 1969 from the trawlers based at Abidjan harbour was carried out in various fishing areas. Seasonal fluctuations of abundance were first eliminated and then the regression between yield and motor power was calculated. The unit of fishing effort, one hour of fishing for a standard trawler of 400 BHP, was chosen for the fishing statistics of the Ivorian fleet.

Évaluation de la production primaire et de la chlorophylle à partir des données hydrologiques. Application au Golfe de Guinée

Quantitative relationships between nitrate distribution, chlorophyll and primary integrated values have been used to evaluate the phytoplankton abundance in the Gulf of Guinea. Data of Guinee I cruise (May-July 1968) of the R.V. Jean Charcot have been used. They show a large oligotrophic convergence area (< 250 mg C/m2/J). A relationship previously found between the depth of the nitracline (first level where the nitrate appears) and the depth of the thermal maximum gradient is confirmed. From a practical point of view, this relationship is very useful since it allows, when the biological or chemical data are not available, a rough estimation of phytoplankton integrated biomass and production in the water column, from a temperature profile.

Standardisation des efforts de pêche des chalutiers ivoiriens et estimation de l'abondance relative dans les divers secteurs

The method developed by Robson (1966) is used to standardize fishing effort of Côte d'Ivoire trawlers whose size and power are very different. This method also allows the estimation of the relative abundances in the different fishing areas. The results obtained using 10 years data show that the entire Ivorian continental shelf can be considered as a single fishery unit. The relative fishing power of vessels is well correlated with gross tonnage, brake horse power and length of the vessel. The obsolescence of the trawlers affects their fishing power.

Chaine de traitement des statistiques de pêche artisanale: les sennes des lagunes de Côte d'Ivoire

Computer programs were developed to calculate the parameters commonly used in fisheries statistics: catch per unit effort, catch by species, size distribution, etc. These parameters were computed for collective fishing, purse seine and beach seine; important aspects of the artisanal fisheries in the Ebrié Lagoon.

Résultats du groupe de travail FAO/COPACE sur l'évaluation des stocks démerseaux côtiers du secteur Côte d'Ivoire - Congo

The exploitation rate of demersal stocks in the Côte d'Ivoire-Congo area is in most cases below the level permitting maximum sustainable yield. Any increase in total catch would be achieved through an increase in catch per effort which implies bigger mesh sizes than those in use now (40-45 mm). A first step would be to fix the minimum legal mesh size to 60 mm. New, probably limited resources (crab, squids, benthic sharks) are to be sought along the continental slope.

Étude du crabe rouge profond Geryon quinquedens en Côte d'Ivoire. 1 - Prospection le long du talus continental: résultats des pêches

From Aug 1975 to Jan 1976 a fishing survey for deep-sea red crab Geryon quinquedens was executed along the Ivorian coast between 3{degree} and 7{degree}30'W. Three regions could be distinguished: a central one with poor catches (1.6 kg/trap/20h); an east region with the best catches (5 kg/trap/20h); and a west region, also with good catches (4.5 kg/trap/20h). For the whole survey, catches only took place between 300 and 700m, the best at 400 m. A distinct sexual segregation was observed according to bathymetry with the percentage of males increasing with depth. Nearly the same abundance was observed in Côte d'Ivoire, in Congo and North Angola, while in South Angola catches are somewhat higher.

Biologie de l'Ethmalose, Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdich), en Côte d'Ivoire. 1 - Description de la reproduction et des premiers stades larvaires

Descriptions of spawning and larval development of Ethmalosa, up to the vitelline vesicle resorption stage, are made from plankton samplings in the Ebrié coastal lagoon and from artificially fertilized eggs. Spawning takes place from November to June in waters with salinities of 18 to 26 parts per thousand, and temperatures of 22.8 to 30.2 degrees, for 13-14 cm long fishes.

Caractérisation des situations hydro-biologiques et potentialités de pêche thonière au Cap Lopez en Juin et Juillet 1972 et 1974

Surface temperature was measured by remote sensing through Cape Lopez (Gulf of Guinea) frontal region during the fishing season in June and July 1972 and 1974. Twelve typical situations are analysed through four main directions: surface situation, tendency, hydrobiological structure and availability to fisheries. The tuna behavior is analysed in relation with the frontal zone movements and a mechanism which tends to aggregate important shoals of tunas is presented.

L'oxygène dissous en Lagune Ebrié: Influences de l'hydroclimat et des pollutions

The hydrology of the Ebrie coastal lagoon in Abidjan area is summarized. The authors describe the oxygenation in that area during the two extreme seasons of the hydrological cycle: the low-water season (March-April) and the high-water season (Sept-Oct). The influences of the continental and oceanic waters, photosynthesis, exchanges with the atmosphere and pollution are considered. The oxigen consumption of primary organic pollution represents from 9 to 12% of the content of the waters that circulates in the area. It is geographically very heterogeneous. The central basin, swept by strong marine and fresh water currents, shows a rather high level of water oxygenation. In the peripheric bays, water circulation and mixing are less important and pollution accelerates the natural eutrophic processes. During the low-water season, a vertical stratification is responsible for a bottom anoxic layer and the deposit of reduced organic silts. On the contrary, supersaturations, up to 200%, are recorded on the surface layer. During the high-water season the break of the vertical stratification sets the loose reduced silts into suspension and partly reoxygenates the bottom waters. A classification of the different areas, based on the oxygen vertical profiles is proposed.

Détermination de l'âge des machoirons (Chrysichtys nigrodigitatus): première estimation de la croissance

Study of C. nigrodigitatus slices showed evidence of seasonal formation related to rainfall and could be used for ageing. A first estimation of the growth has thus been made.

Quelques observations sur la présence des Cumacés dans le zooplancton des eaux néritiques de Côte d'Ivoire

Cumacea were only observed in night plankton of the Côte d'Ivoire continental shelf. However they are not always observed and their occurrence seems to depend on the marine seasons. In September, December and April, the catches were very poor indeed, whereas May and June showed interesting results. Most of the species are rarely seen in the upper layer. Several activity rhythms could be shown for the most common species present in the hauls.

Méthodes des mesures des biovolumes, poids secs, poids secs sans cendres et des éléments C, N, P du mésozooplancton utilisées au C.R.O. d'Abidjan

Methods for the estimation of zooplankton biomasses, used in the Oceanographic Research Center of Abidjan are presented. They deal with settled and displacement volumes, dry weight and ash-free dry weight, elementary carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus composition. The dry weight method is detailed: elimination of salt by a fresh water stream, preservation of dry samples at -20 degrees Celsius, rehydration during weighing. A few comments on the 'CHN' analysed values are made: at 1,100 degrees Celsius, most of the carbon is organic, only 10% of the mineral fraction being analysed.

Biologie de Ethmalosa Fimbriata (Bowdich) en Côte d'Ivoire. 3 - Étude des Migrations en Lagune Ebrié

Spawning of bonga (Ethmalosa fimbriata Bowdich) takes place in polyhalin waters (Sppt. > 5ppt.). Migrations of young fish were studied by the mean of length data observed in different points of the lagoon from the artisanal fishery. Bonga remain 4 months in the hatchery (6 cm), before they expand in the whole lagoon until the age of 9/10 months. After this expansion phase, the fishes come back to the spawning fields (spawning length: 14/15 cm). Postspawning fishes leave the lagoon. Between birth and spawning, bonga are not affected by salinity changes, but reproduction occurs only in waters where salinity is higher than 5ppt.

La pêche industrielle des poissons démersaux en Côte d'Ivoire. Généralités, localisation, homogéneité relative des zones de pêche ivoiriennes

This paper describes the fishery of Côte d'Ivoire and its evolution to the present day. The location of fishing off Côte d'Ivoire is specified for each area and each type of trawler. A comparison of productivity between the different areas shows disparities that allow to make clearer the repartition of effort of all types of trawlers in each area. The Côte d'Ivoire continental shelf is populated with demersal stocks of homogeneous densities.