Pathogenic challenge reveals immune trade-off in mussels exposed to reduced seawater pH and increased temperature

Mussels tolerant to seawater pH's that are projected to occur by 2300 due to ocean acidification.•Exposure to pH 6.50 reduced mussel immune response, yet in the absence of a pathogen.•Subsequent pathogenic challenge led to a reversal of immune suppression at pH 6.50.•Study highlights the importance of undertaking multiple stressor exposures.•Shows a need to consider physiological trade-offs and measure responses functionally

Occurrence of the physonect siphonophore Apolemia uvaria (Lesueur, 1815) off Plymouth and in south-west England

In September 2007, observations were made of a siphonophore in surface waters and near to the seabed by sea users off south Devon and south-east Cornwall. The same siphonophore was also recorded from regular samples collected offshore of Plymouth. The species is identified as Apolemia uvaria, which had not previously been recorded off Plymouth. It was sampled until March 2008 and re-appeared, in smaller numbers, in autumn 2008 until February 2009 but was not reliably reported in autumn 2009 (to end of October). The occurrence is unlikely to be due to sea warming, but more likely some variation in oceanic currents, possibly influxes of Atlantic water

Run off Conditions on Rimming Power Law Fluids

The rimming ?ow of a power-law ?uid in the inner surface of a horizontal rotating cylinder is investigated. Exploiting the fact that the liquid layer is thin, the simplest lubrication theory is applied. The generalized run-off condition for the steady-state ?ow of the power-law liquid is derived. In the bounds implied by this condition, ?lm thickness admits a continuous solution. In the supercritical case when the mass of non-Newtonian liquid exceeds a certain value or the speed of rotation is less than an indicated limit, a discontinuous solution is possible and a hydraulic jump may occur in the steady-state regime. The location and height of the hydraulic jump for the power-law liquid is determined.

Efficient grid treatment of the ionization dynamics of laser-driven H-2(+)

We implement a parallel, time-dependent hybrid finite-difference Lagrange mesh code to model the electron dynamics of the fixed-nuclei hydrogen molecular ion subjected to intense ultrashort laser Pulses, Ionization rates are calculated and compared with results from a previous finite-difference approach and also with published Floquet results. The sensitivity of the results to the gauge describing the electron-field interaction is studied. Visualizations of the evolving wave packets are also presented in which the formation of a stable bound-state resonance is observed.