999 resultados para Medo do contágio


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Neste trabalho são apresentadas as particularidades concernentes a uma proposta de dicionário de expressões idiomáticas do português do Brasil em uma perspectiva onomasiológica. Trata-se da organização dos idiomatismos em dez pares de conceitos dicotômicos, analisados como os mais produtivos do português, do ponto de vista fraseológico: 1. amor/ódio; 2. beleza/feiúra; 3. confiança/traição; 4. conhecimento/ignorância; 5. coragem/medo; 6. felicidade/infortúnio; 7. rapidez/lentidão; 8. riqueza/pobreza; 9. serenidade/agressividade; 10. sucesso/fracasso. Também é evidenciada a importância da utilização de corpora eletrônicos para a demonstração do idiomatismo em um contexto real e considerada a multifuncionalidade do percurso onomasiológico, que revela informações tanto sobre a organização social e histórica ou sobre a cultura de um povo, como sobre a natureza psicológica das escolhas dos falantes.

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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Filosofia - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

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This research was developed during four years, in different regions of the country. Its purpose was to better understand the possible influences that handicapped siblings have on the development of non- handicapped siblings. Participated in the study 80 siblings, with ages ranging between 14 and 26 years. There were 20 siblings of physical handicapped (PH), 20 siblings of auditory handicapped (AH), 20 of mental handicapped (MH), and 20 of non handicapped, in number and ages equivalent.The participants answered a questionnaire containing “characteristics of handicapped person”, “characteristics of respondent sibling”, “characteristics of family”, a questionnaire with eleven closed questions and one open, but for the control group there was on less question. The phenomena studied in this research in some situations present themselves differently for each group of respondent sibling (ex: greater concern of the parents with the MH sibling, calling attention more for siblings of PH and MH, more responsibility in the family, taking care of the handicapped sibling, fear of having handicapped children, and the perception of (in) dependency of the handicapped sibling) and in others present themselves in similar manner (ex: more concern of the parents with the brother with PH, nature of the relationship, to feel or not ashamed of the sibling, talking about the sibling development). In conclusion, some phenomena, so far socially perceived as causing differences in sibling relations and attributed to de presence of a handicap are not, since between siblings of non handicapped these same phenomena present themselves in a similar way. Differently from the control group, siblings of handicapped need correct information, as well as therapeutic support to elaborate feelings of fear, anger, shame that they may have due to their condition. It is important to stress, also, the need that these siblings have to be themselves without the stigma of sibling of handicapped.

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Abstract: The civil war in the former Yugoslavia (1991 - 1995) had a strong ethnicreligious component. In an attempt to maintain the cohesion of an artificially created state post-first World War, identities were sought and accepted - and institutionalized - the differences between the various peoples that constituted the "land of the South Slavs". From the 1980s the differences were highlighted during the war and taken to the extreme, especially in the territories of Croatia and BosniaHerzegovina. From literature and the author's personal experience and using concepts of culture, ethnicity, identity, difference, belonging, nation and state, the text shows how the ethnic-religious differences were used during the civil war in Yugoslavia to claim possession of territories, strengthen discourse of the impossibility of coexistence, overvalue potential threats and fear and justify the perpetration of crimes against humanity.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Dogs are becoming more and more a part of family life, but the relationship between man and dog is not always healthy. Many dogs are abandoned and illtreated due to their behavioral problems. Among the main behavioral disturbances reported in dogs, there are the separation anxiety, compulsive disorder, aggression and fear. Despite the necessity, there is a paucity of skilled professionals in this field and a difficulty in finding articles on the subject. This paper describes the ways to assess the behavioral problems and address in an objective way some of the major behavioral problems presented by dogs, its etiology and treatment

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The disaster natural disaster stand as one of the greatest challenges of urban man. Cities are built and modeled as a function of economic and political issues, without respecting environmental characteristics. So it is possible to see through the data of the National Civil Defence large number of disasters occurring in Brazilian cities in the years 2009 to 2011, and in all were reported over 5000 occurrences of natural disasters over the years. The Brazilian public policy failures show up in issues of urban planning where to admit the allocation of people in inappropriate areas. Another issue to be considered is the non-response of the population to civil defense warnings, people often prefer to risk staying in high-risk areas for fear of being robbed while they are away, and end up not serving the notices given by the Civil Defense, increase thus the number of victims when in fact the weather event triggers natural disasters one

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Entre as diversas estratégias de investigação dos efeitos de experiências estressantes no início da vida de um rato, pode-se citar a privação do filhote da mãe por 24h, durante o período neonatal. A privação materna (PM) por 24h entre os dias pós-natais (DPN) 3 e 4 resulta em um hiperresponsividade ao estresse na adolescência (20-30 dias de vida), enquanto que essa mesma manipulação entre os DPN 11 e 12 resulta em hiporresponsividade, avaliado na mesma idade. Traumas na infância e/ou adolescência constituem fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de transtorno de estresse póstraumático (TEPT), uma desordem psiquiátrica caracterizada por rememoração persistente do evento traumático, com dificuldade de extinção dessa memória. Sendo assim, o presente projeto avaliou como um estresse nos primeiros dias de vida (privação materna) e um trauma na adolescência (choque intenso inescapável) interagem de forma a promover maior vulnerabilidade para o desenvolvimento de comportamento tipo-TEPT em ratos. As manipulações na infância, ao contrário do esperado, não interagiram com o trauma na infância, e não alteraram a resposta ao condicionamento e à extinção da resposta de medo, avaliadas pelo comportamento de congelamento. Em relação à resposta de ACTH após o estresse na adolescência, os animais submetidos à privação materna não apresentaram pico de secreção deste hormônio, como ocorreu no grupo controle, sugerindo uma alteração da resposta hormonal causada pela experiência adversa na infância. Sendo assim, a privação materna não influenciou as alterações comportamentais nos animais adultos provocadas pelo trauma na adolescência, mas pode ter alterado a resposta de ACTH ao trauma, na adolescência

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Com o objetivo de propor mecanismos que auxiliem na compreensão da neurobiologia do medo e da ansiedade, diversos modelos animais vem sendo utilizados. Dentre eles destaca-se o Teste de Exposição ao Rato (RET), que é um modelo etológico de interação presa (camundongo) – predador (rato), conhecido por eliciar a expressão de diversos tipos de comportamentos defensivos no camundongo, tais como avaliação de risco, esquiva, congelamento, entre outros. Com o intuito de aumentar a aversividade do modelo proposto por Yang e colaboradores (2004), foi proposto um novo modelo de RET, semelhante ao modelo padrão, porém com alterações de algumas variáveis como aumento da luminosidade, ausência de maravalha, alteração do local de inserção do camundongo no aparato, substituição da tela de arame (usada na separação da superfície) por uma tela de acrílico e arame e uma divisão virtual da superfície em duas partes, uma distante da tela por 10 cm (superfície proximal) e outra com 13 cm até chegar ao túnel (superfície distal). Um estudo piloto realizado comparando o novo teste de exposição ao rato com o modelo padrão demonstrou que no novo modelo de exposição há uma maior preferência pela presa às áreas protegidas (toca e túnel) e uma maior expressão de avaliação de risco, indicando talvez uma maior sensibilidade à expressão de comportamentos defensivos de camundongos e possivelmente a fármacos que atuem no sistema de defesa. No presente estudo foram investigados os efeitos dos (i) benzodiazepínicos diazepam e alprazolam, (ii) dos fármacos ansiogênicos cafeína e pentilenotetrazol e (iii) do antidepressivo fluoxetina (aguda e cronicamente). O tratamento com alprazolam resultou num efeito antiaversivo mais evidente quando comparado ao diazepam. O tratamento agudo 10 com cafeína, por sua vez, apresentou um efeito ansiogênico bastante sutil, diferente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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Haloperidol is a dopamine receptor antagonist used to treat schizophrenia. When systemically administered in rodents, haloperidol induces catalepsy, a state of immobility very similar to that seen in Parkinson's disease. It is known that many of Parkinson's disease symptoms are dependent on the emotional state since patients are still able to respond to external triggers such as loud noise or visual signaling. Recent data highlighted the importance of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the inferior colliculus (IC) on the cataleptic state induced by haloperidol in rats. Given the importance of IC in the brain aversion system and its connections to motor pathways, and based on the clinical reports of the emotional influence on the motor aspect of Parkinson's disease, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the emotional aspect related to catalepsy induced by intraperitoneal administration of haloperidol. To this end, we analysed ultrasonic vocalizations (UVs) of 22 kHz (indicative of aversion) in rats during the tests of catalepsy, open field and contextual conditioned fear. Systemic administration of haloperidol affected the motor activity, inducing catalepsy and decreasing exploratory activity in the open field. There were no UVs of 22 kHz resulting from treatment with haloperidol in catalepsy or open field tests. In the contextual conditioned fear test, haloperidol increased freezing when administered before the test, but decreased freezing on test day when administered before training. In this same test, haloperidol decreased the UVs on the day it was administered (training or test). The catalepsy induced by systemic administration of haloperidol seems to have also affected the motor aspect of UVs. In this way, it was not possible to clarify the existence of an aversive emotional state associated haloperidol induced catalepsy

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A Pediatric Intensive care Unit (PICU) is an environment where care is provided to seriously ill children. Hospitalization is regarded as an unpleasant experience that requires adaptation and routine change. To assess the opinion of relatives of children hospitalized at a PICU concerning tie breakage and/or separation between children and their families. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study. A structured interview was conducted with the families of hospitalized children from July to September, 2010. The data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty relatives were interviewed, 80% of whom believed that children’s behavior changes when they are present in the unit, and 85% considered the visitation time established to be sufficient. All the respondents reported to be satisfied about the care provided. The feelings prevailing in 50% of the relatives were fear and hope. Change in the family’s union after hospitalization occurred in 85% of the families. The most fearful aspect concerning the ICU is the equipment (25%), and the most worrisome, as regards personal life, is the separation from other children (65%). Health care professionals must pay more attention to relatives by including them in their health care plan so that the health care team and the family, who are essential in children’s recovery, can interact in a congenial fashion. It is also necessary to improve the knowledge related to that subject so that the health care team and families can work together towards children’s recovery