Expression of matrix metalloproteinases, type IV collagen, and interleukin-10 in rabbits treated with morphine after lamellar keratectomy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Responsabilidade civil como função social na distribuição e revenda de combustível face ao direito do consumidor e ao meio ambiente

The civil liability of the distribution and retail fuel stems from the fact business activity developed to be high risk and can be said as risk inherent or latent danger that has predictability and normality characterized by placing the consumer in a position of vulnerability, such as the environment, both public policies defined and constitutional protection. Consumer protection as a fundamental right and the environment as the primacy of social order aims the welfare and social justice, as inserted right to the third dimension, are guarded by the State when it creates operational standards through public policies and indirectly intervenes in the economic order. This intervention is due to consumer protection and the environment are economic order principles, founded on free initiative and free competition, ensuring everyone a dignified existence which underlies the irradiation of fundamental rights in private initiative, before the commercial evaluation, mass consumption, the emergence of new technologies that link consumers to the environment before the protection of life, health and safety and ensuring a better quality of life for present and future generations. To repair this damage and the right to information are provided as fundamental rights that put the person at the epicenter of the relations and collective interest stands out against individual interests that to be done need public-private partnership. In such a way that the used methodology was an analysis of documents correlating them with bibliographic sources whose goals are to recognize the civil responsibility as limit to subjective right, having to develop a social function where guilt and risk grow distant and the damage is configured as a consequence of inherent risk, requiring the State interventional postures in fulfilling its public policy; prevailing in these risky activities the solidarity of those involved in the chain of production and socialization of damage forward those are provided directly of products of hazardous nature that put in a position of vulnerability the environment and the consumer

Período de incubação de Guignardia citricarpa em diferentes estádios fenológicos de frutos de laranjeira 'Valência'

A mancha preta dos citros (MPC), causada pelo fungo Guignardia citricarpa, produz lesões em frutos, os quais ficam depreciados para o mercado interno e os restringem para a exportação. O grande período de suscetibilidade dos frutos cítricos, em adição ao fato de G. citricarpa causar infecções latentes, dificulta o entendimento sobre o período de incubação da doença. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o período de incubação da MPC inoculando frutos de laranjeira 'Valência' em diferentes estádios fenológicos. Para a inoculação foram empregadas suspensões de conídios de G. citricarpa (10³, 10(4), 10(5) e 10(6) conídios mL-1) em diferentes diâmetros dos frutos (1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 5,0 e 7,0 cm). O período de incubação da MPC para os diferentes diâmetros dos frutos inoculados apresentou uma relação polinomial negativa. em frutos com até 3 cm de diâmetro o período de incubação médio foi superior a 200 dias, enquanto que em frutos com diâmetros superiores a 5 cm o período de incubação médio foi inferior a 84 dias. A MPC apresenta período de incubação variável dependente do estádio fenológico em que os frutos são infectados. A concentração de conídios de G. citricarpa, na infecção, não interfere no período de incubação da doença.

Resistência de genótipos de soja à Phakopsora pachyrhizi

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo, quantificar a resistência à Phakopsora pachyrhizi em 50 genótipos de soja na região do cerrado. Foi conduzido em Uberlândia, MG , um experimento em casa de vegetação, durante o período de janeiro a julho de 2004. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros de resistência: período latente médio, número médio de pústulas por cm² e severidade da ferrugem. Com base nesses parâmetros, calculou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença. Após, análise de variância e teste de médias que foram comparadas pelo teste de Duncan ao nível de 5% de probabilidade, utilizando-se o software ESTAT. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os genótipos de soja para os parâmetros estudados. As cultivares Emgopa 313 e Monsoy 8211 apresentaram menor período latente médio, menor número de pústulas, severidade e área abaixo da curva do progresso da doença, sendo classificadas como resistentes ao patógeno no experimento realizado.

Características do pelame de vacas Holandesas em ambiente tropical: um estudo genético e adaptativo

As características do pelame (espessura da capa, comprimento médio dos pêlos, número de pêlos por unidade de área, densidade de massa dos pêlos, ângulo de inclinação dos pêlos com respeito a superfície da epiderme e diâmetro médio do pêlos) foram avaliadas em 973 vacas da raça Holandesa, entre novembro de 2000 e abril de 2001, numa área localizada 20cm abaixo da coluna vertebral, no centro do tronco, tanto nas malhas brancas como nas negras. As amostras de pêlos foram obtidas com um alicate comum adaptado. O método da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita (REML) foi usado para estimar os componentes de variância e covariância sob modelo animal, sendo empregado o sistema MTDFREML. Os resultados mostraram que as características do pelame preto são diferentes das do branco, quando os animais são criados em ambiente tropical. O pelame preto apresentou-se menos denso, com pêlos mais curtos e grossos devido à maior necessidade de perder calor, enquanto que, o pelame branco é mais denso e com pêlos mais compridos, oferecendo uma melhor proteção contra à radiação solar direta. A seleção de vacas predominantemente negras pode ser uma boa escolha para aumentar a resistência do gado Holandês às condições do ambiente tropical, principalmente à radiação solar, quando esses animais são criados a campo, devido a que a epiderme sob esse tipo de malhas é altamente pigmentada. Tal seleção pode ser facilmente realizada, considerando a alta herdabilidade (h²=0,75) para a proporção de malhas negras. Esta seleção deve ser realizada no sentido de um pelame menos denso, com pêlos curtos e grossos favorecendo as perdas de calor sensível e calor latente.

O memorial autobiográfico: uma tradição acadêmica do ensino superior no Brasil

The thesis has as object of study the autobiographical memmorials. The general objective is to describe the history of the memmorial as an academic tradition of higher education in Brazil. Considered a hybrid genre, memmorials are known for focusing on life stories from a scientific perspective. The investigation revolves around three intertwined branches: History of Education, educational practices and language usages, which allow us to conduct a dialogue with multiple theoretical-methodological references with a view to supporting our analyses. The corpus used for the analysis was made up of 40 autobiographical memmorials, distributed as follows: 16 academic memmorials, dated from 1935 to 1970; 07 academic memmorials, dated from 1980 to 2007; and 17 formation memmorials, dated from 1995 to 2000. In this corpus, we also included official documents, which relate to legislation contained in edicts, resolutions, ordinances, regulations, which we used with a view to: 1) getting to know and understanding the big picture of higher education regulation in Brazil and the aspects related to the higher education teaching career; 2) investigating the text of memmorials in the light of the injunctive discourse characteristic of the edicts and resolutions in which they were based. The analysis of the memmorial supported by the legislation which regulates it allowed us to reconstitute the image of the professor throughout 80 years in the Brazilian public university. For this purpose, the study was conducted in the theoretical-methodological perspective of the (auto)biographical research in Education and of the sociolinguistic studies on discourse genres and discursive traditions. The investigations reveal the memmorial as an academic genre in which the professor's academic-professional history and the history of the higher education teaching career in Brazil intertwine. Anchored in the Bakhtinian perspective on discourse genres, according to which the memmorials evolve and become more complex as their contexts of usage also evolve and become more complex themselves, the results of our analyses allowed us to correlate genre changes to the sociohistorical context and to its usage as an educational practice in the university, in the decades under study. Therefore, the analyses showed that these self-writings: go from latent subjectivity to pure objectivity from the 1930s to 1960s; they show total annulment of the subject from the 1960s to the 1970s; they reappear in the 1980s, having Professor Magda Soares' memmorial as perspective; they expand and diversify from the 1990s onwards, taking on a formative role and a perspective of future as well. So far as language usages are concerned, we investigated the relationship of the subject with the language, especifically the manifestation of alterity on the discursive tissue of the memmorials. In this branch, the analyses pointed to the influence of the authoritative discourse on the formation of the professor and of the injunction and reinventing discourses on the authorship process. Therefore, the autobiographical memmorial reveals itself as a specific expression of the Brazilian academy's cultural sphere and allows us to confirm the hypothesis that each memorial tackles a singular-plural situation, by presenting a dialectical articulation between private and public, according to the institutional structures, in which and with which the professor has already formed him/herself and with which he/she dialogues

Efeito do tratamento químico sobre a conservação de sementes de milho durante o armazenamento

O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar o efeito de combinações de inseticidas e de fungicidas sobre a conservação de sementes de milho durante o armazenamento. Os tratamentos aplicados e respectivas doses, para 1000kg de sementes, foram os seguintes: 1) testemunha; 2) anilina (936mL); 3) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (120g) + Dicarboximida (187,5g) + Pirimifos- methyl (6,25mL) + Deltamethrin (0,75mL); 4) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (240g) + Dicarboximida (375,0g) + Pirimifos- methyl (12,50mL) + Deltamethrin (1,50mL); 5) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (480g) + Dicarboximida (750,0g)+ Pirimifos- methyl (25,00mL) + Deltamethrin (3,00mL); 6) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (960g) + Dicarboximida (1500,0g) + Pirimifos- methyl (50,00mL) + Deltamethrin (6,00mL). As sementes foram analisadas quanto ao teor de água, germinação e vigor (testes de envelhecimento acelerado e de frio com solo) aos 0, 6, 9 e 12 meses de armazenamento. Os dados obtidos permitiram concluir que os tratamentos químicos aplicados tendem, com o aumento das dosagens, a gerar efeitos latentes, desfavoráveis ao desempenho das sementes, intensificados com o prolongamento do período de armazenamento.

Generalized linear mixed models for the genetic evaluation of binary reproductive traits: a simulation study

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of probit and logit link functions for the genetic evaluation of early pregnancy using simulated data. The following simulation/analysis structures were constructed: logit/logit, logit/probit, probit/logit, and probit/probit. The percentages of precocious females were 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% and were adjusted based on a change in the mean of the latent variable. The parametric heritability (h²) was 0.40. Simulation and genetic evaluation were implemented in the R software. Heritability estimates (ĥ²) were compared with h² using the mean squared error. Pearson correlations between predicted and true breeding values and the percentage of coincidence between true and predicted ranking, considering the 10% of bulls with the highest breeding values (TOP10) were calculated. The mean ĥ² values were under- and overestimated for all percentages of precocious females when logit/probit and probit/logit models used. In addition, the mean squared errors of these models were high when compared with those obtained with the probit/probit and logit/logit models. Considering ĥ², probit/probit and logit/logit were also superior to logit/probit and probit/logit, providing values close to the parametric heritability. Logit/probit and probit/logit presented low Pearson correlations, whereas the correlations obtained with probit/probit and logit/logit ranged from moderate to high. With respect to the TOP10 bulls, logit/probit and probit/logit presented much lower percentages than probit/probit and logit/logit. The genetic parameter estimates and predictions of breeding values of the animals obtained with the logit/logit and probit/probit models were similar. In contrast, the results obtained with probit/logit and logit/probit were not satisfactory. There is need to compare the estimation and prediction ability of logit and probit link functions.

A gestão da qualidade nos cursos de graduação a distância da UFRN/SEDIS : a percepção dos discentes

This dissertation has as objective at analyzing the students' perception about the quality of graduate courses distance of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, which was motivated by the following research problem: the perception that graduate students of the distance of the UFRN have on the quality of the undergraduate? To this end, we sought to gather evidence for a satisfactory approach that addresses the complexity of the subject studied: quality management, distance learning and quality in the Higher Education Institutions. We chose to adopt as a research method, case study on the procedure of the research, exploratory research-descriptive about the objective and quantitative research when tackling the problem. The object of the study were six graduate courses distance UFRN/SEDIS, having as target the students of the courses. The sample was calculated using the Stratified sampling on which 217 students, the courses surveyed were selected. The survey instrument consisted of 21 structured questions, of which seven questions designed to identify the profile of students, seven issues of perceptions (manifest variables) on quality management in distance learning, where students have given values (responses) for 24 statements (which address the central theme of this dissertation) composite based on a 5-point Likert s scale, and six questions about general characteristics that may interfere with students' perception about the quality. Was used as statistical method (data analysis), descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. The results show the identification of four latent factors (obtained by exploratory factor analysis), namely: (1) infrastructure and management - polo presence, (2) teaching-learning processes, (3) communication tools and integration; (4) tutors. We also observed that aspects related to infrastructure and management at the pole face had the lowest score among the factors observed, requiring special attention by the education institution. On the other hand, teachers and teaching learning processes were the items with better performance in the perception of students. It is concluded that the perception of students in relation to quality in distance education courses, the median is trending positive perception, ie the perception of overall quality of the courses is not assertive and unison, but tends to positive perception. Thus, the results, it is expected that the managers of the institution to focus attention on critical points in order to minimize them (or eliminate them) and maximize the positive aspects that are perceived by the students

Egressos na avaliação da qualidade de um curso: o caso da Engenharia de Produção da UFRN

This thesis aims at analyzing the perspective of graduates perceived quality of an undergraduate course in order to contribute to continuous improvement. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, we performed a literature search, seeking together the work surrounding this issue, with the intent to update the concepts discussed today on the subject studied, they are: quality management, quality in higher education institutions and the system national assessment of higher education - Sinaes. The methodology is characterized as a case study, quantitative, and the object of study is composed of students who graduated from Production Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, which includes students who graduated from 2002 to 2010; data collection was done through the survey instrument, questionnaire, available online through SurveyMonkey interface, data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis, including factor analysis. The proposed survey instrument consists of questions nineteen and twenty statements that address the central theme of this dissertation. The results show the identification of four latent factors (obtained by exploratory factor analysis), through two perspectives, the analysis of perception and importance, the results were similar in terms of the variable factors. The first factor was related to the support given to students, a factor known to support two extra class, the third factor related aspects of the library, and finalizing the evaluation and approached a factor of 4 facilities. Through research it was concluded that this study presents several points to be improved by the management team, and recommended to continue to evaluate the perceptions of graduates, seeking continuous improvement in service delivery by the university

Variação anual de características morfológicas e da temperatura de superfície do pelame de vacas da raça Holandesa em ambiente semiárido

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modelagem de equações estruturais na análise de dados de serviços em comunicações móveis

In recent decades, changes have been occurring in the telecommunications industry, allied to competition driven by the policies of privatization and concessions, have fomented the world market irrefutably causing the emergence of a new reality. The reflections in Brazil have become evident due to the appearance of significant growth rates, getting in 2012 to provide a net operating income of 128 billion dollars, placing the country among the five major powers in the world in mobile communications. In this context, an issue of increasing importance to the financial health of companies is their ability to retain their customers, as well as turn them into loyal customers. The appearance of infidelity from customer operators has been generating monthly rates shutdowns about two to four percent per month accounting for business management one of its biggest challenges, since capturing a new customer has meant an expenditure greater than five times to retention. For this purpose, models have been developed by means of structural equation modeling to identify the relationships between the various determinants of customer loyalty in the context of services. The original contribution of this thesis is to develop a model for loyalty from the identification of relationships between determinants of satisfaction (latent variables) and the inclusion of attributes that determine the perceptions of service quality for the mobile communications industry, such as quality, satisfaction, value, trust, expectation and loyalty. It is a qualitative research which will be conducted with customers of operators through simple random sampling technique, using structured questionnaires. As a result, the proposed model and statistical evaluations should enable operators to conclude that customer loyalty is directly influenced by technical and operational quality of the services offered, as well as provide a satisfaction index for the mobile communication segment

Genetic parameters of total milk yield and factors describing the shape of lactation curve in dairy buffaloes

The objective of this study was to apply factor analysis to describe lactation curves in dairy buffaloes in order to estimate the phenotypic and genetic association between common latent factors and cumulative milk yield. A total of 31 257 monthly test-day milk yield records from buffaloes belonging to herds located in the state of São Paulo were used to estimate two common latent factors, which were then analysed in a multi-trait animal model for estimating genetic parameters. Estimates of (co)variance components for the two common latent factors and cumulated 270-d milk yield were obtained by Bayesian inference using a multiple trait animal model. Contemporary group, number of milkings per day (two levels) and age of buffalo cow at calving (linear and quadratic) as covariate were included in the model as fixed effects. The additive genetic, permanent environmental and residual effects were included as random effects. The first common latent factor (F1) was associated with persistency of lactation and the second common latent factor (F2) with the level of production in early lactation. Heritability estimates for Fl and F2 were 0.12 and 0.07, respectively. Genetic correlation estimates between El and F2 with cumulative milk yield were positive and moderate (0.63 and 0.52). Multivariate statistics employing factor analysis allowed the extraction of two variables (latent factors) that described the shape of the lactation curve. It is expected that the response to selection to increase lactation persistency is higher than the response obtained from selecting animals to increase lactation peak. Selection for higher total milk yield would result in a favourable correlated response to increase the level of production in early lactation and the lactation persistency.

Balanço de radiação e energia da cultura de alface em estufa de polietileno

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, determinar os balanços de radiação e energia da cultura de alface (Lactuca sativa, L. cv. Verônica) em estufa de polietileno. O experimento foi realizado em uma estufa tipo túnel alto com cobertura de polietileno (100 mim de espessura) e em uma área externa, ambas com 35 m². Durante o ciclo da cultura, foram monitoradas as radiações global e refletida, saldo de radiação, fluxo de calor no solo e temperatura do ar (seca e úmida) nos dois meios. Utilizou-se um Datalogger que operou na freqüência de 1 Hz, armazenando médias de cinco minutos. A partir das integrações diárias das irradiâncias global (K¯) e refletida (K­), verificou-se que a transmissividade média da radiação global (K¯in / K¯ex) foi aproximadamente constante, em torno de 79,59%, enquanto a razão das radiações refletidas (K­in / K­ex) foi igual a 69,21% com coeficiente de variação de 8,47%. As curvas normalizadas do saldo de radiação de ondas curtas em relação à radiação global (K* / K¯), nos dois meios, mostraram ser aproximadamente constantes no início do ciclo e decrescentes no final. A relação (Rn/ K¯) foi maior no meio externo, em torno de 12%, a partir da fase em que a superfície verde da cultura cobriu o solo. O balanço médio (L*) de radiação de ondas longas foi maior no exterior, em torno de 50%. O balanço de energia, estimado em termos de fluxos verticais, mostrou, em média, que: no exterior, 83,07% do saldo de radiação foi convertido em calor latente (LE), 18,00% em fluxo de calor no solo (G) e 9,96% em calor sensível (H), enquanto que, no interior da estufa, 58,71% do saldo de radiação foi convertido em LE, 42,68% em H e 28,79% em G.

Balanço de energia na cultura de pepineiro em ambiente natural e protegido

Avaliaram-se, diariamente, neste trabalho, o saldo de radiação (SR), o fluxo de calor no solo (G), o fluxo de calor latente de evaporação (LE) e o fluxo de calor sensível (H) ao longo do ciclo da cultura de pepineiro cultivado dentro e fora de casa de vegetação em ciclo de outono-inverno e primavera-verão. O SR e o G foram quantificados e o LE e o H estimados em dois níveis distintos pelo método da razão de Bowen. Os resultados mostram que a maior parte da energia disponível foi utilizada no fluxo de calor latente de evaporação e que os componentes do balanço de energia apresentaram-se mais consistentes em níveis próximos ao dossel da cultura e em ambiente protegido.