Assessing the effectiveness of chemical treatment with nanomaterials in improving the quality of different industrial effluents

Industrial activities are the major sources of pollution in all environments. Depending on the type of industry, various levels of organic and inorganic pollutants are being continuously discharged into the environment. Although, several kinds of physical, chemical, biological or the combination of methods have been proposed and applied to minimize the impact of industrial effluents, few have proved to be totally effective in terms of removal rates of several contaminants, toxicity reduction or amelioration of physical and chemical properties. Hence, it is imperative to develop new and innovative methodologies for industrial wastewater treatment. In this context nanotechnology arises announcing the offer of new possibilities for the treatment of wastewaters mainly based on the enhanced physical and chemical proprieties of nanomaterials (NMs), which can remarkably increase their adsorption and oxidation potential. Although applications of NMs may bring benefits, their widespread use will also contribute for their introduction into the environment and concerns have been raised about the intentional use of these materials. Further, the same properties that make NMs so appealing can also be responsible for producing ecotoxicological effects. In a first stage, with the objective of selecting NMs for the treatment of organic and inorganic effluents we first assessed the potential toxicity of nanoparticles of nickel oxide (NiO) with two different sizes (100 and 10-20 nm), titanium dioxide (TiO2, < 25 nm) and iron oxide (Fe2O3, ≈ 85x425 nm). The ecotoxicological assessment was performed with a battery of assays using aquatic organisms from different trophic levels. Since TiO2 and Fe2O3 were the NMs that presented lower risks to the aquatic systems, they were selected for the second stage of this work. Thus, the two NMs pre-selected were tested for the treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMW). They were used as catalyst in photodegradation systems (TiO2/UV, Fe2O3/UV, TiO2/H2O2/UV and Fe2O3/H2O2/UV). The treatments with TiO2 or Fe2O3 combined with H2O2 were the most efficient in ameliorating some chemical properties of the effluent. Regarding the toxicity to V. fischeri the highest reduction was recorded for the H2O2/UV system, without NMs. Afterwards a sequential treatment using photocatalytic oxidation with NMs and degradation with white-rot fungi was applied to OMW. This new approach increased the reduction of chemical oxygen demand, phenolic content and ecotoxicity to V. fischeri. However, no reduction in color and aromatic compounds was achieved after 21 days of biological treatment. The photodegradation systems were also applied to treat the kraft pulp mill and mining effluents. For the organic effluent the combination NMs and H2O2 had the best performances in reduction the chemical parameters as well in terms of toxicity reduction. However, for the mine effluent the best (TiO2/UV and Fe2O3/UV) were only able to significantly remove three metals (Zn, Al and Cd). Nonetheless the treatments were able of reducing the toxicity of the effluent. As a final stage, the toxicity of solid wastes formed during wastewater treatment with NMs was assessed with Chironomus riparius larvae, a representative species of the sediment compartment. Certain solid wastes showed the potential to negatively affect C. riparius survival and growth, depending on the type of effluent treated. This work also brings new insights to the use of NMs for the treatment of industrial wastewaters. Although some potential applications have been announced, many evaluations have to be performed before the upscaling of the chemical treatments with NMs.

Modelling large-scale information systems using ADLs – An industrial experience report

An organisation that had developed a large information system wanted to embark on a programme that would involve large-scale evolution of it. As a precursor to this, it was decided to create a comprehensive architectural description to capture and understand the system’s design. This undertaking faced a number of challenges, including a low general awareness of software modelling and software architecture practices. The approach taken by the software architects tasked with this project included the definition of a simple, very specific, architecture description language. This paper reports our experience of the project and a simple ADL that we created as part of it. 

Mid-Century Molecular: The Material Culture of X-ray Crystallographic Visualisation across Postwar British Science and Industrial Design

This thesis investigates the use and significance of X-ray crystallographic visualisations of molecular structures in postwar British material culture across scientific practice and industrial design. It is based on research into artefacts from three areas: X-ray crystallographers’ postwar practices of visualising molecular structures using models and diagrams; the Festival Pattern Group scheme for the 1951 Festival of Britain, in which crystallographic visualisations formed the aesthetic basis of patterns for domestic objects; and postwar furnishings with a ‘ball-and-rod’ form and construction reminiscent of those of molecular models. A key component of the project is methodological. The research brings together subjects, themes and questions traditionally covered separately by two disciplines, the history of design and history of science. This focus necessitated developing an interdisciplinary set of methods, which results in the reassessment of disciplinary borders and productive cross-disciplinary methodological applications. This thesis also identifies new territory for shared methods: it employs network models to examine cross-disciplinary interaction between practitioners in crystallography and design, and a biographical approach to designed objects that over time became mediators of historical narratives about science. Artefact-based, archival and oral interviewing methods illuminate the production, use and circulation of the objects examined in this research. This interdisciplinary approach underpins the generation of new historical narratives in this thesis. It revises existing histories of the cultural transmissions between X-ray crystallography and the production and reception of designed objects in postwar Britain. I argue that these transmissions were more complex than has been acknowledged by historians: they were contingent upon postwar scientific and design practices, material conditions in postwar Britain and the dynamics of historical memory, both scholarly and popular. This thesis comprises four chapters. Chapter one explores X-ray crystallographers’ visualisation practices, conceived here as a form of craft. Chapter two builds on this, demonstrating that the Festival Pattern Group witnesses the encounter between crystallographic practice, design practice and aesthetic ideologies operating within social networks associated with postwar modernisms. Chapters three and four focus on ball-and-rod furnishings in postwar and present-day Britain, respectively. I contend that strong relationships between these designed objects and crystallographic visualisations, for example the appellation ‘atomic design’, have been largely realised through historical narratives active today in the consumption of ‘retro’ and ‘mid-century modern’ artefacts. The attention to contemporary historical narratives necessitates this dual historical focus: the research is rooted in the period from the end of the Second World War until the early 1960s, but extends to the history of now. This thesis responds to the need for practical research on methods for studying cross-disciplinary interactions and their histories. It reveals the effects of submitting historical subjects that are situated on disciplinary boundaries to interdisciplinary interpretation. Old models, such as that of unidirectional ‘influence’, subside and the resulting picture is a refracted one: this study demonstrates that the material form and meaning of crystallographic visualisations, within scientific practice and across their use and echoes in designed objects, are multiple and contingent.

Fine arts edutainment: the amateur painter

A new scheme for painterly rendering (NPR) has been developed. This scheme is based on visual perception, in particular themulti-scale line/edge representation in the visual cortex. The Amateur Painter (TAP) is the user interface on top of the rendering scheme. It allows to (semi)automatically create paintings from photographs, with different types of brush strokes and colour manipulations. In contrast to similar painting tools, TAP has a set of menus that reflects the procedure followed by a normal painter. In addition, menus and options have been designed such that they are very intuitive, avoiding a jungle of sub-menus with options from image processing that children and laymen do not understand. Our goal is to create a tool that is extremely easy to use, with the possibility that the user becomes interested in painting techniques, styles, and fine arts in general.

Environnements technologiques et développement de compétences en arts appliqués étude des représentations d'enseignantes et d'enseignants du collégial

La réforme de l'enseignement au collégial se traduit par l'implantation de nouveaux programmes développés par compétences et par l'intégration des TIC aux activités pédagogiques. Les programmes en arts appliqués comprennent des compétences en résolution de problèmes et en créativité. Cette recherche s'est intéressée aux représentations d'enseignantes et d'enseignants relatives au développement de ces compétences par les TIC. La recension des écrits a permis d'étudier différents concepts de compétence, de résolution de problèmes et de créativité et de colliger des résultats d'études faites sur les effets pédagogiques de l'utilisation des TIC. Le protocole des entrevues portait sur les différences entre nouveaux et anciens programmes, sur la résolution de problèmes et la créativité, sur les TIC, leur utilisation et leur incidence sur le développement de ces compétences. L'interprétation des données fut l'occasion d'exposer des réflexions au niveau pédagogique, au niveau de la conception des environnements technologiques et au niveau du profil enseignant.

Le sens de la création chez la personne en formation à l'enseignement des arts étude anthropophénoménologique

Cette recherche pose la question du sens de la création chez la personne qui se prépare à enseigner les arts visuels au primaire et au secondaire. Bien que plusieurs chercheurs en éducation artistique s'entendent sur le fait qu'au coeur de la formation à l'enseignement des arts réside la formation à la création, étonnamment, il semble que la formation à la création est peu probante à cet égard. En effet, plusieurs étudiantes ou étudiants, lorsqu'ils sont en stage, ont tendance à utiliser une approche peu significative et particulièrement centrée sur la technicité des procédés artistiques, et ce, bien que la finalité de l'enseignement des arts repose sur la transmission des conduites créatrices. Avant de se demander comment il se fait qu'il en soit ainsi, nous avons souhaité remonter en amont de cette interrogation pour comprendre quel est justement le sens qu'ils attribuent à la création, et ce, non seulement depuis le début de leur formation universitaire mais bien au cours de leur existence.Cette recherche a été réalisée auprès de huit étudiantes et étudiant de la première cohorte du nouveau programme de baccalauréat en enseignement des arts d'une université issue d'un milieu urbain. La méthodologie retenue relève de la combinaison de l'approche du récit de vie associée à celle de la phénoménologie. L'entretien biographique est le principal instrument de cueillette des données. L'analyse des données s'est effectuée au moyen de l'examen phénoménologique et de la théorisation ancrée. L'examen phénoménologique a fait état de ce qu'il y a de particulier à chacune des personnes participant à la recherche en traduisant leur vécu artistique et en précisant également les motivations intrinsèques qui orientent leur choix de carrière. La théorisation ancrée a permis d'articuler les récits autour de trois logiques. Elles relèvent des logiques ontologique, épistémologique et sociale (Fabre, 2000). Les résultats de la recherche ciblent trois mouvements dominants:"l'être vers la création","l'être vers l'autre" et"la création vers l'enseignement des arts". Chacun de ces mouvements comporte différentes caractéristiques et s'inscrit dans une structure dynamique qui montre comment le sens de la création fonde l'enseignement des arts.

Duo, duel et deuil représentations de la dialectique tradition/novation entourant l'intégration des TIC chez des enseignants d'arts plastiques au secondaire : par une approche qualitative réfléchie

Cette thèse traite des représentations construites par des artistes-enseignants du secondaire au sujet de la dialectique tradition/novation inhérente au processus d'intégration des TIC. Elle rend compte d'une recherche visant à mieux comprendre les disparités en matière d'intégration des technologies, dans les pratiques enseignantes en arts plastiques. L'auteure a observé ce problème dans son parcours professionnel, marqué par son passage du rôle de praticienne à celui de formatrice en enseignement des arts. Elle s'est demandée si cela tenait uniquement à la formation ou si des facteurs intrinsèques tels que les représentations pouvaient intervenir. Ce questionnement est à l'origine d'une étude dont les objectifs étaient d'identifier les représentations entourant la dialectique tradition/novation et de voir s'il existe des interrelations entre représentations et pratiques. Pour arriver à ses fins, l'auteure a utilisé les notions de représentation sociale et de poïétique comme leviers théoriques tout en s'inspirant de la démarche artistique, par souci de cohérence avec le domaine des arts. Le recueil de l'information s'est effectué à partir d'entretiens de type compréhensif, donnant lieu à des représentations discursives, métaphoriques et graphiques. L'analyse des représentations révèle que les artistes-enseignants interviewés voient la dialectique tradition/novation tantôt comme un duo, tantôt comme un duel ou même comme un deuil, et que ces représentations interagissent avec les pratiques. Ces conclusions traduisent l'importance de s'intéresser aux facteurs intrinsèques qui peuvent faire obstacle au changement. Si la rencontre art/technologie est assez bien documentée par les esthéticiens, les philosophes et les artistes, plus rares sont les contributions touchant le corollaire éducatif d'une telle alliance. En ce sens, cette recherche est tout à fait pertinente et originale. Elle l'est également au regard de la méthodologie proposée, qui s'ajuste à la démarche artistique. Bref, cette thèse parle d'art, parle par l'art et parle pour l'art.

Neural network assisted autotuning of industrial PID controllers

A recent servey (1) has reported that the majority of industrial loops are controlled by PID-type controllers and many of the PID controllers in operation are poorly tuned. poor PID tuning is due to the lack of a simple and practical tuning method for avarage users, and due to the tedious procedurs involved in the tuning and retuning of PID controllers.

O complexo industrial da Boca do Rio. Organização de um sítio produtor de preparados piscícolas.

Dissertação de mest., Arqueologia (Teoria e Métodos), Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Univ. do Algarve, 2012

Júdice Fialho, o maior industrial conserveiro do Algarve

A figura mais notável da História da Indústria Conserveira no Algarve, foi sem sombra para dúvidas João António Júdice Fialho, um homem inteligente e empreendedor, que nas primeiras décadas do século XX conseguiu conquistar os principais mercados europeus com as suas conservas de atum e de sardinha, mas também com as suas massas alimentícias, compotas e marmeladas. Foi dos poucos industriais das pescas que há mais de um século atrás soube visionar o conceito de globalização à escala atlântica, investindo na aquisição de modernos meios de transformação industrial do pescado, cujos avultados lucros lhe permitiram diversificar a produção e reinvestir noutros segmentos de mercado.

Screening for success in a visual arts program.

Abstract: Little research has been directed towards determining means of predicting success in visual arts programs. Therefore, this study attemps to profile a typical successful student in a visual arts program, namely the Illustration & Design program at Dawson College. To this end, questionnaires, designed by the researcher, served to investigate the students' reasons for choosing the program as well as provide demographic data. In addition, students' personality types were investigated by means of the online Sternberg & Wagner Thinking Styles Inventory (SWTSI) questionnaire. Using the SPSS statistical software, an analysis was done to determine whether students who offer intrinsically motivated reasons for applying to the Illustration & Design program are those who also demonstrate greater academic success. Furthermore, grounding this study in Sternberg's theory of mental self governance, students' college grades were correlated to their personality type to determine if Type I personality types perform better academically than Type II or Type III (Zhang, 2005), The participants consisted of three cohorts (128 students form semester 1, 3 and 5) of the Illustration & Design program, as well as two comparison groups, one from the Fine Arts program (24 students), and another from the Business Administration program, a non-visual arts program at Dawson College (20 students).||Résumé: Les recherches portant sur l'identification de moyens qui permettent de prédire la réussite dans les programmes d'arts plastiques sont très rares. Par conséquent, cette étude tente de dresser le profil de l'élève type qui réussit dans un programme d'arts visuels, à savoir le programme Illustration & Design au Collège Dawson. À cette fin, des questionnaires conçus par le chercheur ont servi à déterminer les raisons pour lesquelles l'élève a choisi ce programme et ont permis de fournir des données démographiques. En outre, les étudiants ont été catégorisés par type de personnalité au moyen du questionnaire Sternberg & Wagner Thinking Styles Inventory (SWTSI). Grâce au logiciel statistique SPSS, une analyse a été effectuée afin de déterminer si les élèves dont la motivation comptait beaucoup dans leur choix du programme Illustration & Design étaient aussi ceux qui affichaient un taux de réussite plus élevé. En outre, en s'appuyant sur la Théorie d'autonomie de gestion mentale de Sternberg, cette étude avait pour but de corréler les résultats scolaires des élèves à leur personnalité afin de déterminer si les étudiants du Type de personnalité I avaient de meilleurs résultats scolaires que ceux de Type II et de Type III (Zhang, 2005). Les participants étaient composés de trois cohortes (128 étudiants des 1er, 3e et 5e semestres) du programme Illustration et Design ainsi que de deux groupes témoins, un groupe de 24 élèves du programme de Techniques de l'Administration, programme en dehors des arts visuels.

Biopolymers - facts and statistics

The IfBB – Institute for Bioplastics and Biocomposites is a research institute within the Hochschule Hannover, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, which was established in 2011 to respond to the growing need for expert knowledge in the area of bioplastics. With its practice-oriented research and its collaboration with industrial partners, the IfBB is able to shore up the market for bioplastics and, in addition, foster unbiased public awareness and understanding of the topic. As an independent research-led expert institution for bioplastics, the IfBB is willing to share its expertise, research findings and data with any interested party via the Internet, online and offline publications or at fairs and conferences. In carrying on these efforts, substantial information regarding market trends, processes and resource needs for bioplastics is being presented here in a concise format, in addition to the more detailed and comprehensive publication and “Engineering Biopolymers”1. One of our main concerns is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc.

Industrial resources, Horry County: Conway

This is a 1968 report generated by the Conway Chamber of Commerce and the South Carolina State Development Board to provide potential industrial developers with information about industry in Horry County, particularly Conway, and to promote new development. The report includes detailed statistics and descriptive information about industry in Horry County and in Conway in the form of text statements as well as charts and maps. This information covers, at the county and city levels: county and community services and resources, agricultural resources, communications, labor supply, economics, and education, state, county, and city taxation, utility and transportation availability, weather and climate data, local recreation, and industrial site availability.

Where the consumer is not a myth : letters from England describing economic and industrial conditions by Zach McGhee, Washington correspondent : speech of Hon. Wyatt Aiken in the House of Representatives, Tuesday, March 22, 1910

This document contains a speech of David Wyatt Aiken, representative of South Carolina, to the House of Representatives on Tuesday, March 22, 1910. Much of the speech is a letter from Zach McGhee, Washington correspondent of The State newspaper on industrial conditions in England and Europe.

Design e auto-produção : novos paradigmas para o design de artefactos na sociedade pós-industrial : a contribuição das tecnologias digitais

Tese de doutoramento, Belas-Artes (Design de Equipamento), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Belas-Artes, 2015